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  • Stream

    package com.demo.io;
    
    import java.io.*;
    
    /**
     * 1.1 节点流 --> 直接作用于数据源的流
     * 1.2 处理流 --> 包裹节点流
     *   byte[]  <-->  String
     * 2.1 字节流
     * 2.2 字符流
     * 2.3 转换流
     */
    public class StreamTest
    {
        public static void main(String[] args)
        {
            //byteStream();
            //ReadByBytes();
            //writeByByte();
            //bufferedReadByFileReader();
            //bufferedReadByFileWrite();
            //translationStreamWriter();
            translationStreamReader();
        }
    
        /***
         * 字符输出流
         */
        private static void writeByByte()
        {
            String path = "F:\java-demo\java-demo\src\com\demo\io\byteText.dat";
            FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
            try
            {
                fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(path);
                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
                for (int i=0;i<1000000;i++)
                {
                    sb.append("字节流输出
    ");
                }
                // 将字符串转换成字节数组
                byte[] bytes =null;
                bytes = sb.toString().getBytes();
                System.out.println(bytes.length);
                fileOutputStream.write(bytes);
            }
            catch (FileNotFoundException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            finally
            {
                if (null != fileOutputStream)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        fileOutputStream.close();
                    }
                    catch (IOException e)
                    {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        /**
         * 测试中文乱码
         *
         *  文件大小计算:位(8个二进制位,01代码)-->1个byte(字节)-->1/1024 KB
         *
         * 1.fileInputStream.read(bytes),将流中的数据读入指定的字节数组中,并返回读入的字节数。
         * 2.当流中没有数据时,返回的值为-1。
         * 3.对于一个中文字符,在utf-8的编码下占3个字节,在GBK的格式下占2个字节。
         * 4.假设设定的数据读入时使用的字节数组长度为10字节,而文件大于10字节,在utf-8的编码格式下,将出现
         *   中文乱码的情况。
         * 5.字节流在读取数据时,文档应是utf-8格式编码,否则将出现中文乱码。
         */
        private static void byteStream()
        {
            String path = "F:\java-demo\java-demo\src\com\demo\io\byteText.dat";
            File file = new File(path);
            System.out.println("返回该文件的字节长度:"+file.length());
            // 如果文件不存在则创建
            if (!file.exists())
            {
                try
                {
                    file.createNewFile();
                }
                catch (IOException e)
                {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            // 创建文件输入流对象  --> 1.文件路劲最为参数 2.文件作为参数
            //FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(path);
            FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
            try
            {
                fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
                byte[] bytes =new byte[10];
                // 文件的读取:1.字节读取 2.字节数组读取
                int resoult = fileInputStream.read(bytes);
                System.out.println("返回读取到的字节数:"+resoult);
                // byte[]  --> String : new String(bytes)
                // String --> byte[] : st.getBytes()
                System.out.println(new String(bytes));
            }
            catch (FileNotFoundException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            finally
            {
                if(null != fileInputStream)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        fileInputStream.close();
                    }
                    catch (IOException e)
                    {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    
        /***
         * 解决读取到的值有方块的情况
         * int result = fileInputStream.read(bytes);
         * result代表实际读取的字节数,如果实际的字节数小于bytes数组的长度,
         * 可以在已字节构建数组后,用result的值去对字符串进行截取,删除多余的空间。
         */
        private static void ReadByBytes()
        {
            String path = "F:\java-demo\java-demo\src\com\demo\io\byteText.dat";
            FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
            try
            {
                fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(path);
                byte[] bytes =new byte[1024]; // 每次以1024个字节的容量去读
                int result = fileInputStream.read(bytes);
                String st = new String(bytes);
                System.out.println(st);
            }
            catch (FileNotFoundException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            finally
            {
                if (null != fileInputStream)
                {
                    try
                    {
                        fileInputStream.close();
                    }
                    catch (IOException e)
                    {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    
        /**
         *  用FileReader构造带缓冲的字符输入流
         */
        private static void bufferedReadByFileReader()
        {
            String path = "F:\java-demo\java-demo\src\com\demo\io\byteText.dat";
            FileReader fileReader = null;
            BufferedReader br = null;
            try
            {
                File file = new File(path);
                fileReader = new FileReader(file);
                br = new BufferedReader(fileReader);
                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
                // 用临时变量line去接收按行读取的值
                //1.可以确保读值的指针不会发生变化
                //2.可以对此次读取的值进行所需操作
                String line = null;
                while(null != (line=br.readLine()))
                {
                    sb.append(line);
                }
                System.out.println(sb);
            }
            catch (FileNotFoundException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            finally
            {
                if (null != br )
                {   // 先打开的流后关闭
                    try {
                        br.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                if (null != fileReader )
                {
                    try {
                        fileReader.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * 用FileWriter构造带缓冲的字符输出流 jdk1.8
         * 1.带缓冲的字符输出流,必须使用.flush()方法刷新缓冲区
         * 2.带缓冲的字符流如果流关闭,缓冲区中的数据会强制刷新输出,即使没有刷新缓冲区。
         */
        private static void bufferedReadByFileWrite()
        {
            String path = "F:\java-demo\java-demo\src\com\demo\io\byteText.dat";
            File file = new File(path);
            FileWriter fw = null;
            BufferedWriter bw = null;
            try
            {
                fw = new FileWriter(file);
                bw = new BufferedWriter(fw);
                bw.write("陕西理工大学_2012级新生");
                // 刷新缓冲区中的数据
                bw.flush();
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            finally
            {
                if (null != bw)
                {   // 先开启的流后关闭
                    try {
                        bw.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                if (null != fw)
                {
                    try {
                        fw.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    
        /**
         *
         * 利用转换流构建带缓冲的字符输出流 jdk1.8
         * 1.带缓冲的字符输出流,必须使用.flush()方法刷新缓冲区
         * 2.带缓冲的字符流如果流关闭,缓冲区中的数据会强制刷新输出,即使没有刷新缓冲区。
         */
        private static void translationStreamWriter()
        {
            String path = "F:\java-demo\java-demo\src\com\demo\io\byteText.dat";
            File file = new File(path);
            OutputStream ops = null;
            OutputStreamWriter osw = null;
            BufferedWriter bw = null;
            try
            {
                ops = new FileOutputStream(file); // 字节流
                // 转换流,以utf-8的形式将字节转化成字符,是连接字节流和字符流的桥梁
                osw = new OutputStreamWriter(ops,"utf-8");
                bw = new BufferedWriter(osw);
                bw.write("陕西理工大学_2012级新生");
                bw.flush();
            }
            catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            finally {
                if (null != bw)
                {
                    try {
                        bw.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                if (null != osw)
                {
                    try {
                        osw.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                if(null != ops)
                {
                    try {
                        ops.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * 由转换流构建的字符输入流,如果编码格式不一致,可能会出现中文乱码情况
         */
        private static void translationStreamReader()
        {
            String path = "F:\java-demo\java-demo\src\com\demo\io\byteText.dat";
            File file = new File(path);
            InputStream ips = null;
            InputStreamReader isr = null;
            BufferedReader br = null;
    
            try
            {
                ips = new FileInputStream(path);
                //以utf-8的编码格式将字节流转换成字符流
                // 如果转换流的编码和文件编码不一致,可能会出现乱码
                isr = new InputStreamReader(ips,"utf-8");
                br = new BufferedReader(isr);
    
                // 用临时变量line去接收按行读取的值
                //1.可以确保读值的指针不会发生变化
                //2.可以对此次读取的值进行所需操作
                String line = null;
                StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
                while(null != (line=br.readLine()))
                {
                    sb.append(line);
                }
                System.out.println(sb.toString());
            }
            catch (FileNotFoundException e)
            {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            finally {
                if (null != br)
                {
                    try {
                        br.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                if (null != isr)
                {
                    try {
                        isr.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                if (null != ips)
                {
                    try {
                        ips.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/nevegiveup/p/7995477.html
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