webServices简介

一、Axis安装 1、环境 J2SE SDK 1.3 or 1.4: 我使用 1.4.2 Servlet Container: 我使用的Tomcat 5.0

2、到 http://ws.apache.org/Axis/网站下载Axis安装包

3、解压缩安装包，将Axis_UNZIP_PATH/Axis-version/webapps下的Axis包拷贝到TOMCAT_HOME/webapps/下，以下约定Axis_HOME为该TOMCAT_HOME/webapps/Axis目录

4、启动tomcat,访问http://localhost:8080/Axis 检查安装是否成功

5、以上步骤执行成功，可以开发webservice例子了

Axis支持三种web service的部署和开发，分别为：

1、Dynamic Invocation Interface ( DII)

2、Stubs方式

3、Dynamic Proxy方式

二、编写DII(Dynamic Invocation Interface )方式web服务

1.编写服务端程序HelloClient

public class HelloClient
{
     public String getName(String name)
     {
         return "hello "+name;
     }
}

2、将源码拷贝到Axis_HOME下，重命名为 HelloClient.jws

3、访问连接http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws?wsdl，页面显示Axis自动生成的wsdl

4、编写访问服务的客户端 TestHelloClient.java

import org.apache.Axis.client.Call;
import org.apache.Axis.client.Service;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.rmi.RemoteException;

public class SayHelloClient2
{
     public static void main(String[] args)
         {
         try
                 {
   String endpoint =
   "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws";

     Service service = new Service();
             Call call = null;

             call = (Call) service.createCall();

             call.setOperationName(new QName(
                "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws",
                            "getName"));
             call.setTargetEndpointAddress
                         (new java.net.URL(endpoint));

             String ret = (String) call.invoke(new Object[]
                         {"zhangsan"});
             System.out.println("return value is " + ret);
         }
                 catch (Exception ex)
                 {
        ex.printStackTrace();
         }
     }
}

三、编写Dynamic Proxy方式访问服务

1、编写部署服务端程序，同上边DII方式，本次仍使用上边部署的HelloClient

2、编写代理接口

public interface HelloClientInterface
extends java.rmi.Remote
{
     public String getName(String name)
         throws java.rmi.RemoteException;
}

3、编写并执行客户端程序TestHelloClient.java

import javax.xml.rpc.Service;
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceFactory;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

public class TestHelloClient
{
     public static void main(String[] args)
         {
         try
         {
             String wsdlUrl =
                         "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws?wsdl";
             String nameSpaceUri =
                         "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws";
             String serviceName = "HelloClientService";
             String portName = "HelloClient";

             ServiceFactory serviceFactory =
                         ServiceFactory.newInstance();
             Service afService =
                         serviceFactory.createService(new URL(wsdlUrl),
          new QName(nameSpaceUri, serviceName));
             HelloClientInterface proxy = (HelloClientInterface)
         afService.getPort(new QName(
                     nameSpaceUri, portName),
                                         HelloClientInterface.class);
             System.out.println
                         ("return value is "+proxy.getName("john") ) ;
         }catch(Exception ex)
         {
             ex.printStackTrace() ;
         }
     }
}

四、编写wsdd发布web服务，编写stub client访问web服务

1、编写服务端程序server,SayHello.java，编译server.SayHello.java

package server;
public class SayHello
{
     public String getName(String name)
     {
         return "hello "+name;
     }
}
2.编写LogHandler.java
import org.apache.Axis.AxisFault;
import org.apache.Axis.Handler;
import org.apache.Axis.MessageContext;
import org.apache.Axis.handlers.BasicHandler;

import java.util.Date;

public class LogHandler
extends BasicHandler
{
public void invoke
(MessageContext msgContext)
throws AxisFault
     {
         /** Log an access each time
                 we get invoked.
          */
         try {
             Handler serviceHandler
                         = msgContext.getService();

             Integer numAccesses =
   (Integer)serviceHandler.getOption("accesses");
             if (numAccesses == null)
                 numAccesses = new Integer(0);
numAccesses = new Integer
(numAccesses.intValue() + 1);
Date date = new Date();
String result =
date + ": service " +
msgContext.getTargetService() +
" accessed " + numAccesses + " time(s).";
serviceHandler.setOption
("accesses", numAccesses);
System.out.println(result);
         } catch (Exception e)
                 {
             throw AxisFault.makeFault(e);
         }
     }
}

3、编写wsdd文件

deploy.wsdd
<deployment xmlns=
"http://xml.apache.org/Axis/wsdd/"
   xmlns:java=
                         "http://xml.apache.org/Axis/wsdd/providers/java">          
    <handler name="print" type="java:LogHandler"/>
<service name="sayhello"
provider="java:RPC">
    <requestFlow>
      <handler type="print"/>
    </requestFlow>
   <parameter name="className"
   value="server.SayHello"/>
   <parameter name="allowedMethods"
   value="*"/> 
</service>
</deployment>

3、将编译后的文件拷贝到Axis_HOME/WEB-INF/classes下，如：D:/tomcat/webapps/Axis/WEB-INF/classes

4、发布服务：

java org.apache.Axis.client.AdminClient deploy.wsdd

5、生成client stub文件

a:方式1

将SayHello.java拷贝到Axis_HOME/下，重命名为SayHello.jws，

执行下面的命令生存client stub

java org.apache.Axis.wsdl.WSDL2Java
-p client   http://localhost:8080
/Axis/services/SayHello.jws?wsdl

b:方式2

执行如下命令生成SayHello.wsdl

java org.apache.Axis.wsdl.Java2WSDL
-oSayHello.wsdl -lhttp://localhost:8080
/Axis/services/SayHello -nsayhello server.SayHello

执行如下命令生成client stub

java org.apache.Axis.wsdl.WSDL2Java
SayHello.wsdl   -p client

生成的stub client文件列表为：

1.SayHello.java

2.SayHelloService.java。

3.SayHelloServiceLocator.java

4.SayHelloSoapBindingStub.java

6、编写客户端程序，编译并执行

public class SayHelloClient
{
     public static void main(String[] args)
         {
         try
                 {
     SayHelloService service = new client.
        SayHelloServiceLocator();
           client.SayHello_PortType
                   client = service.getSayHello();
             String retValue=client.getName("zhangsan");
             System.out.println(retValue);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
System.err.println
("Execution failed. Exception: " + e);
         }
     }
}

您也可以写server-config.wsdd
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<deployment xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/"
         xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java">
<globalConfiguration> 

   <parameter name="adminPassword" value="admin"/> 
   <parameter name="attachments.implementation"
           value="org.apache.axis.attachments.AttachmentsImpl"/> 
   <parameter name="sendXsiTypes" value="true"/> 
   <parameter name="sendMultiRefs" value="true"/> 
   <parameter name="sendXMLDeclaration" value="true"/> 
   <parameter name="axis.sendMinimizedElements" value="true"/>
  
   <requestFlow>  
    <handler type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.JWSHandler">   
     <parameter name="scope" value="session"/>  
    </handler>  
  
    <handler type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.JWSHandler">   
     <parameter name="scope" value="request"/>   
     <parameter name="extension" value=".jwr"/>  
    </handler> 
  
   </requestFlow>
 
</globalConfiguration>
<handler name="LocalResponder" type="java:org.apache.axis.transport.local.LocalResponder"/>
<handler name="URLMapper" type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.http.URLMapper"/>
<handler name="Authenticate" type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.SimpleAuthenticationHandler"/>  
   <handler name="print" type="java:stub.LogHandler"/>
 
   <service name="sayhello" provider="java:RPC">
    <requestFlow>
      <handler type="print"/>
    </requestFlow>
   <parameter name="className"    value="stub.server.SayHello"/> 
   <parameter name="allowedMethods"   value="*"/> 
</service>

<transport name="http"> 
   <requestFlow>  
    <handler type="URLMapper"/>  
    <handler type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.http.HTTPAuthHandler"/> 
   </requestFlow>
</transport>
<transport name="local"> 
   <responseFlow>  
    <handler type="LocalResponder"/> 
   </responseFlow>
</transport>
</deployment>
这个更好用些