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  • Qt开发技术:QCharts(二)QCharts折线图介绍、Demo以及代码详解

     

    前言

      红胖子,来也!
      介绍了整体框架,开始动手码代码,按照顺序,从折线图开始。

     

    补充

      QCharts所有的图表都依赖《Qt开发技术:QCharts(一)QCharts基本介绍以及图表框架详解》中的QChart、QChartView、QLegend、QValueAxis。

     

    Demo

      在这里插入图片描述
      在这里插入图片描述

    Demo下载地址

      CSDN:https://download.csdn.net/download/qq21497936/12685603
      QQ群:1047134658(点击“文件”搜索“qChartsTools”,群内与博文同步更新)

     

    折线图

    概述

      QLineSeries类以折线图的形式显示数据。
      折线图用于将信息显示为由直线连接的一系列数据点。
      在这里插入图片描述

    QLineSeries(折线图)

    概述

      QLineSeries类以折线图的形式显示数据。
      折线图用于将信息显示为由直线连接的一系列数据点。
      创建基本折线图:

    // 方式一:逐一添加,大批量数据较慢
    QLineSeries* series = new QLineSeries();
    series->append(0, 6);
    series->append(2, 4);
    ...
    chart->addSeries(series);
    

      效率更高的方式为:

    _pLineSeries = new QLineSeries;
    _pLineSeries2 = new QLineSeries;
    _pLineSeries3 = new QLineSeries;
    _pLineSeries4 = new QLineSeries;
    QList<QLineSeries *> listLine;
    listLine.append(_pLineSeries);
    listLine.append(_pLineSeries2);
    listLine.append(_pLineSeries3);
    listLine.append(_pLineSeries4);
    for(int index = 1; index < 4; index++)
    {
        QList<QPointF> listPointF;
        for(int index = 0; index < 11; index++)
        {
            listPointF << QPointF(index, qrand()%11);
        }
        listLine.at(index)->append(listPointF);
        listLine.at(index)->setName(QString("通道%1").arg(index+1));
        listLine.at(index)->setPen(QPen(QColor(qrand()%256, qrand()%256, qrand()%256), 2));
        // 通用:将批量数据插入到图表中
        _pChart->addSeries(listLine.at(index));
    }
    

      注意:样条曲线图的QLineSeries类的使用请参考QXYSeries的使用。
      QLineSeries类以折线图的形式显示数据。
      折线图用于将信息显示为由直线连接的一系列数据点。

    QXYSeries(折线图、样条曲线图、散点图的基类)

    概述

      QXYSeries类是折线图、样条曲线图、散点图的基类,QSplineSeries、QLineSeries、QScatterSeries都参照该类使用。

    属性

      在这里插入图片描述

     

    Demo核心代码解析

    建立QChart的显示框架

    LineChartWidget::LineChartWidget(QWidget *parent) :
        QWidget(parent),
        _pChartView(0),
        _pChart(0),
        _pXValueAxis(0),
        _pYValueAxis(0),
        _pLegend(0),
        _pLineSeries(0),
        _pLineSeries2(0),
        _pLineSeries3(0),
        _pLineSeries4(0)
    {
        _pChartView = new QChartView(this);
        _pChart = new QChart();
        initData();
    }
    void LineChartWidget::resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *event)
    {
        if(_pChartView)
        {
            _pChartView->setGeometry(rect());
        }
    }
    

    初始化数据

    void LineChartWidget::initData()
    {
        _pLineSeries = new QLineSeries;
        _pLineSeries2 = new QLineSeries;
        _pLineSeries3 = new QLineSeries;
        _pLineSeries4 = new QLineSeries;
        // 方式一:逐一添加,大批量数据较慢
        _pLineSeries->append(0, qrand()%11);
        _pLineSeries->append(1, qrand()%11);
        _pLineSeries->append(2, qrand()%11);
        _pLineSeries->append(3, qrand()%11);
        _pLineSeries->append(4, qrand()%11);
        _pLineSeries->append(5, qrand()%11);
        _pLineSeries->append(6, qrand()%11);
        _pLineSeries->append(7, qrand()%11);
        _pLineSeries->append(8, qrand()%11);
        _pLineSeries->append(9, qrand()%11);
        _pLineSeries->append(10, qrand()%11);
        _pLineSeries->setName("通道1");
        _pLineSeries->setPen(QPen(QColor(qrand()%256, qrand()%256, qrand()%256), 2));
        // 通用:将数据插入到图表中
        _pChart->addSeries(_pLineSeries);
        // 方式二:逐一添加,大批量数据较慢
        QList<QLineSeries *> listLine;
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries);
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries2);
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries3);
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries4);
        for(int index = 1; index < 4; index++)
        {
            QList<QPointF> listPointF;
            for(int index = 0; index < 11; index++)
            {
                listPointF << QPointF(index, qrand()%11);
            }
            listLine.at(index)->append(listPointF);
            listLine.at(index)->setName(QString("通道%1").arg(index+1));
            listLine.at(index)->setPen(QPen(QColor(qrand()%256, qrand()%256, qrand()%256), 2));
            // 通用:将批量数据插入到图表中
            _pChart->addSeries(listLine.at(index));
        }
    
        // 通用:X轴和Y轴的处理(先插入数据再处理轴,否则不会有轴)
        _pChart->createDefaultAxes();
        _pYValueAxis = dynamic_cast<QValueAxis *>(_pChart->axisY());
        _pYValueAxis->setRange(0, 10);
        _pYValueAxis->setLinePen(QPen(Qt::black, 1));
        // tick
        _pYValueAxis->setTickCount(5);
        _pYValueAxis->setGridLinePen(QPen(Qt::gray, 1));
        _pYValueAxis->setGridLineVisible(true);
        // subTick
        _pYValueAxis->setMinorTickCount(4);
        _pYValueAxis->setMinorGridLineVisible(true);
        _pYValueAxis->setLabelFormat("%d");
    
        _pXValueAxis = dynamic_cast<QValueAxis *>(_pChart->axisX());
        _pXValueAxis->setRange(0, 10);
        _pXValueAxis->setLinePen(QPen(Qt::black, 1));
        // tick
        _pXValueAxis->setTickCount(5);
        _pXValueAxis->setGridLinePen(QPen(Qt::gray, 1));
        _pXValueAxis->setGridLineVisible(true);
        // subTick
        _pXValueAxis->setMinorTickCount(4); // 相反
        _pXValueAxis->setMinorGridLineVisible(true);
        _pXValueAxis->setLabelFormat("%d s");
    
        // 通用:视图显示设置为图表
        _pChartView->setRubberBand(QChartView::NoRubberBand);   // 不缩放
        _pChartView->setDragMode(QChartView::NoDrag);   // 拽拖:需要自己重写QCharView
        _pChartView->setChart(_pChart);
    
        // 标识
        _pLegend = _pChart->legend();
        _pLegend->setAlignment(Qt::AlignRight);
    
        // 平滑
        _pChartView->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing, true);
        // 阴影
        _pChart->setDropShadowEnabled(true);
    
    }
    

    设置数据线是否显示(标签显示会同步)

    void LineChartWidget::setDataVisible(int index, bool visible)
    {
        if(index < 0 || index > 3)
        {
            return;
        }
        QList<QLineSeries *> listLine;
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries);
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries2);
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries3);
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries4);
        listLine.at(index)->setVisible(visible);
    }
    

    设置主题样式

    void LineChartWidget::setTheme(QChart::ChartTheme theme)
    {
        _pChart->setTheme(theme);
    }
    

    设置动画模式

    void LineChartWidget::setAnimationOptions(QChart::AnimationOption option)
    {
        _pChart->setAnimationOptions(option);
    }
    

    设置标签显示位置

    void LineChartWidget::setAlignment(Qt::Alignment align)
    {
        _pLegend->setAlignment(align);
    }
    

    设置标签是否可见

    void LineChartWidget::setLegendVisible(bool visible)
    {
        _pLegend->setVisible(visible);
        _pChartView->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing);
    }
    

    设置是否绘制平滑

    void LineChartWidget::setAntialiasing(bool antialiasing)
    {
        _pChartView->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing, antialiasing);
    }
    

    设置是否有阴影

    void LineChartWidget::setShadow(bool shadow)
    {
        _pChart->setDropShadowEnabled(shadow);
    }
    

    重置随机数据

    void LineChartWidget::resetData()
    {
        _pChart->removeAllSeries();
        _pLineSeries = new QLineSeries;
        _pLineSeries2 = new QLineSeries;
        _pLineSeries3 = new QLineSeries;
        _pLineSeries4 = new QLineSeries;
        QList<QLineSeries *> listLine;
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries);
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries2);
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries3);
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries4);
        for(int index = 0; index < 4; index++)
        {
            QList<QPointF> listPointF;
            for(int index = 0; index < 11; index++)
            {
                listPointF << QPointF(index, qrand()%11);
            }
            listLine.at(index)->append(listPointF);
            listLine.at(index)->setName(QString("通道%1").arg(index+1));
            listLine.at(index)->setPen(QPen(QColor(qrand()%256, qrand()%256, qrand()%256), 2));
            _pChart->addSeries(listLine.at(index));
        }
        resetColor();
    }
    

    重置随机颜色

    void LineChartWidget::resetColor()
    {
        QList<QLineSeries *> listLine;
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries);
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries2);
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries3);
        listLine.append(_pLineSeries4);
        for(int index = 0; index < listLine.size(); index++)
        {
            listLine.at(index)->setColor(QColor(qrand()%256, qrand()%256, qrand()%256));
        }
    }
    
     

    工程模板:对应版本号v1.0.0

      对应版本号v1.0.0

     
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/qq21497936/p/13435613.html
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