先安装mysql
注意指定编码为utf8mb4
5.6的话，单机：
https://www.cnblogs.com/yunns/p/4877333.html
5.7的话看最后
主节点: 添加2行
[mysql] default-character-set=utf8mb4 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] skip-name-resolve port = 3306 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock basedir=/main/mysql5.6.41 datadir=/main/mysql5.6.41/data max_connections=200 character-set-server=utf8mb4 default-storage-engine=INNODB lower_case_table_names=1 max_allowed_packet=16M collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4' character-set-client-handshake = FALSE # master-slave 需要主从复制的时候才添加下面两行 log-bin=mysql-bin server-id=1
从节点: 添加一行id
[mysql] default-character-set=utf8mb4 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] skip-name-resolve port = 3306 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock basedir=/main/mysql5.6.41 datadir=/main/mysql5.6.41/data max_connections=200 character-set-server=utf8mb4 default-storage-engine=INNODB lower_case_table_names=1 max_allowed_packet=16M collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4' character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
# master-slave 需要主从复制的时候才添加下面1行
server-id=2
然后安装:
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/main/mysql5.6.41/ --datadir=/main/mysql5.6.41/data/
或者正常单节点安装完了再来设置最后那两行也行.
然后开始master上配置一个用户,允许slave从远端登录:
ip是slave的ip:
CREATE USER 'repl'@'172.17.222.161' IDENTIFIED BY '迷马密码米吗';#创建用户 GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'172.17.222.161'; flush privileges;
然后查看master的状态,尤其注意File和Position:
mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | mysql-bin.000003 | 120 | | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
然后去从节点,登录mysql后配置slave:
MASTER_LOG_FILE和position信息和上面相同, 配置让他从主节点同步信息:
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO -> MASTER_HOST='172.17.222.160', -> MASTER_USER='repl', -> MASTER_PASSWORD='迷马密码米吗',
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=120;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
启动slave:
mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
查看slave状态:
mysql> show slave statusG; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 172.17.222.160 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120 Relay_Log_File: iz2zej5nlztmm1frnyl4wxz-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 283 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 120 Relay_Log_Space: 474 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: 29c0bb13-9199-11e8-92f2-00163e123ea4 Master_Info_File: /main/mysql5.6.41/data/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
如果遇到错误:
这是000003这个文件在master上不存在:
mysql> show slave statusG; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Master_Host: 172.17.222.160 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 73 Relay_Log_File: iz2zej5nlztmm1frnyl4wxz-relay-bin.000001 Relay_Log_Pos: 4 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Slave_IO_Running: No Slave_SQL_Running: No Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 73 Relay_Log_Space: 120 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 1236 Last_IO_Error: Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log: 'Could not find first log file name in binary log index file' Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: 29c0bb13-9199-11e8-92f2-00163e123ea4 Master_Info_File: /main/mysql5.6.41/data/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 180727 21:10:17 Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
这是position和master的状态不匹配:
mysql> show slave statusG; *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Master_Host: 172.17.222.160 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 73 Relay_Log_File: iz2zej5nlztmm1frnyl4wxz-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 283 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Slave_IO_Running: No Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 73 Relay_Log_Space: 474 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 1236 Last_IO_Error: Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log: 'binlog truncated in the middle of event; consider out of disk space on master; the first event 'mysql-bin.000003' at 73, the last event read from './mysql-bin.000003' at 73, the last byte read from './mysql-bin.000003' at 92.' Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: 29c0bb13-9199-11e8-92f2-00163e123ea4 Master_Info_File: /main/mysql5.6.41/data/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 180727 21:12:45 Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
5.7的话，不安装主从备份的话：
# 创建用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
yum -y install numactl yum install -y perl-Module-Install.noarch yum install -y libaio*
配置文件同上面，不要最后两行主从复制即可。
初始化：
# 上面配置的地址
[root@localhost bin]# mkdir /var/lib/mysql/ [root@localhost bin]# chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
注意看日志，会生成一个随机密码
https://www.jb51.net/article/133835.htm