centos7环境升级默认的gcc-4.8.5到gcc-8.2并且升级glibc到glibc-2.28
公司新做了一个图片识别的底层sdk，这个SDK是依赖centos8的glibcxx3.4.25编译处理的，我们的系统是centos7短时间内升级centos7代价太大，需要将centos的glibcxx升级到3.4.25来适配这个sdk的接口
glibcxx3.4.25所依托的glibc是glibc-2.28，这个可以通过启动docker模拟的centos8系统来查看
centos7默认的 gcc 版本为 4.8.5，这个版本的gcc 无法编译高版本的glibc 2.28
需要升级gcc到8.2版本
注意：gcc升级到9.2版本是不行的编译的时候报错和glibc2.28不兼容
# centos7自带默认的glibc
# strings /lib64/libc.so.6 | grep GLIBC GLIBC_2.2.5 GLIBC_2.2.6 GLIBC_2.3 GLIBC_2.3.2 GLIBC_2.3.3 GLIBC_2.3.4 GLIBC_2.4 GLIBC_2.5 GLIBC_2.6 GLIBC_2.7 GLIBC_2.8 GLIBC_2.9 GLIBC_2.10 GLIBC_2.11 GLIBC_2.12 GLIBC_2.13 GLIBC_2.14 GLIBC_2.15 GLIBC_2.16 GLIBC_2.17
# 查看glibc 软件版本号
# rpm -qa | grep glibc glibc-2.17-307.el7.1.x86_64 glibc-devel-2.17-307.el7.1.x86_64 glibc-2.17-307.el7.1.i686 glibc-common-2.17-307.el7.1.x86_64 glibc-headers-2.17-307.el7.1.x86_64
# 通过 docker 启动 centos8 系统来查看glibc版本
# docker run -it --name=mycentos centos
# centos 8默认的glibc为2.28
[root@9b943b198905 /]# ls -l /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Jun 15 2020 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 -> libstdc++.so.6.0.25 [root@9b943b198905 /]# strings /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBC GLIBCXX_3.4 GLIBCXX_3.4.1 GLIBCXX_3.4.2 GLIBCXX_3.4.3 GLIBCXX_3.4.4 GLIBCXX_3.4.5 GLIBCXX_3.4.6 GLIBCXX_3.4.7 GLIBCXX_3.4.8 GLIBCXX_3.4.9 GLIBCXX_3.4.10 GLIBCXX_3.4.11 GLIBCXX_3.4.12 GLIBCXX_3.4.13 GLIBCXX_3.4.14 GLIBCXX_3.4.15 GLIBCXX_3.4.16 GLIBCXX_3.4.17 GLIBCXX_3.4.18 GLIBCXX_3.4.19 GLIBCXX_3.4.20 GLIBCXX_3.4.21 GLIBCXX_3.4.22 GLIBCXX_3.4.23 GLIBCXX_3.4.24 GLIBCXX_3.4.25 GLIBC_2.2.5 GLIBC_2.3 GLIBC_2.14 GLIBC_2.4 GLIBC_2.18 GLIBC_2.16 GLIBC_2.17 GLIBC_2.3.2 GLIBCXX_DEBUG_MESSAGE_LENGTH GA+GLIBCXX_ASSERTIONS [root@9b943b198905 /]# rpm -qa | grep glibc glibc-minimal-langpack-2.28-127.el8.x86_64 glibc-2.28-127.el8.x86_64 glibc-common-2.28-127.el8.x86_64
1.安装gcc-8.2.0所依赖的环境
a.yum install bison -y yum -y install wget bzip2 gcc gcc-c++ glibc-headers
b.升级GNU Make 3.82到4.2.1
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/make-4.2.1.tar.gz tar -zxvf make-4.2.1.tar.gz cd make-4.2.1 mkdir build cd build ../configure --prefix=/usr/local/make && make && make install export PATH=/usr/local/make/bin:$PATH ln -s /usr/local/make/bin/make /usr/local/make/bin/gmake make -v
c.安装python3.8版本
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.0/Python-3.8.0.tar.xz xz -d Python-3.8.0.tar.xz tar xf Python-3.8.0.tar cd Python-3.8.0 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 make -j 4 && make install ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3 ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
4.安装gcc8.2.0
# centos7.8编译安装gcc9.2
# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/gcc/gcc-9.2.0/gcc-9.2.0.tar.gz # tar xf gcc-9.2.0.tar.gz # cd gcc-9.2.0 # ./contrib/download_prerequisites #下载gmp mpfr mpc等供编译需求的依赖项 2019-09-17 01:43:33 URL: ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2 [2383840] -> "./gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2" [1] 2019-09-17 01:43:39 URL: ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2 [1279284] -> "./mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2" [1] 2019-09-17 01:43:43 URL: ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz [669925] -> "./mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz" [1] 2019-09-17 01:43:50 URL: ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/isl-0.18.tar.bz2 [1658291] -> "./isl-0.18.tar.bz2" [1] gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2: 确定 mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2: 确定 mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz: 确定 isl-0.18.tar.bz2: 确定 All prerequisites downloaded successfully. # mkdir build #不能在source目录下configure必须在上一层的目录下 # cd build [root@sz_jszx_cloud_dev01_17_58 build]# ../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-9.2.0 --enable-bootstrap --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking target system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c checking whether ln works... yes checking whether ln -s works... yes checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /usr/bin/sed checking for gawk... gawk checking for libatomic support... yes checking for libitm support... yes checking for libsanitizer support... yes checking for libvtv support... yes checking for libhsail-rt support... yes checking for libphobos support... yes checking for gcc... gcc checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking for suffix of executables... checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed checking for g++... g++ checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yes checking whether g++ accepts -g... yes checking whether g++ accepts -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc... no checking for gnatbind... no checking for gnatmake... no checking whether compiler driver understands Ada... no checking how to compare bootstrapped objects... cmp --ignore-initial=16 $$f1 $$f2 checking for objdir... .libs configure: WARNING: using in-tree isl, disabling version check *** This configuration is not supported in the following subdirectories: gnattools gotools target-libada target-libhsail-rt target-libphobos target-zlib target-libbacktrace target-libgfortran target-libgo target-libffi target-libobjc target-liboffloadmic (Any other directories should still work fine.) checking for default BUILD_CONFIG... bootstrap-debug checking for --enable-vtable-verify... no checking for bison... bison -y checking for bison... bison checking for gm4... no checking for gnum4... no checking for m4... m4 checking for flex... no checking for lex... no checking for flex... no checking for makeinfo... no /usr/local/gcc-9.2.0/missing: line 81: makeinfo: command not found checking for expect... no checking for runtest... no checking for ar... ar checking for as... as checking for dlltool... no checking for ld... ld checking for lipo... no checking for nm... nm checking for ranlib... ranlib checking for strip... strip checking for windres... no checking for windmc... no checking for objcopy... objcopy checking for objdump... objdump checking for otool... no checking for readelf... readelf checking for cc... cc checking for c++... c++ checking for gcc... gcc checking for gfortran... no checking for gccgo... no checking for gdc... no checking for ar... no checking for ar... ar checking for as... no checking for as... as checking for dlltool... no checking for dlltool... no checking for ld... no checking for ld... ld checking for lipo... no checking for lipo... no checking for nm... no checking for nm... nm checking for objcopy... no checking for objcopy... objcopy checking for objdump... no checking for objdump... objdump checking for otool... no checking for otool... no checking for ranlib... no checking for ranlib... ranlib checking for readelf... no checking for readelf... readelf checking for strip... no checking for strip... strip checking for windres... no checking for windres... no checking for windmc... no checking for windmc... no checking where to find the target ar... host tool checking where to find the target as... host tool checking where to find the target cc... just compiled checking where to find the target c++... just compiled checking where to find the target c++ for libstdc++... just compiled checking where to find the target dlltool... host tool checking where to find the target gcc... just compiled checking where to find the target gfortran... host tool checking where to find the target gccgo... host tool checking where to find the target gdc... host tool checking where to find the target ld... host tool checking where to find the target lipo... host tool checking where to find the target nm... host tool checking where to find the target objcopy... host tool checking where to find the target objdump... host tool checking where to find the target otool... host tool checking where to find the target ranlib... host tool checking where to find the target readelf... host tool checking where to find the target strip... host tool checking where to find the target windres... host tool checking where to find the target windmc... host tool checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles... no configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating Makefile
# 多核cpu编译，否则时间可能超过3个小时
# make -j 4 && make install
# 加入环境变量
# echo -e ' export PATH=/usr/local/gcc-9.2.0/bin:$PATH ' >> /etc/profile.d/gcc.sh && source /etc/profile.d/gcc.sh
# 查看gcc版本
[root@sz_jszx_cloud_dev01_17_58 build]# gcc -v Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/local/gcc-9.2.0/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/9.2.0/lto-wrapper Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-9.2.0 --enable-bootstrap --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib Thread model: posix gcc version 9.2.0 (GCC)
# 导出头文件
# ln -sv /usr/local/gcc-9.2.0/include/ /usr/include/gcc
# 配置生效
[root@sz_jszx_cloud_dev01_17_58 build]# ldconfig -v ldconfig: Can't stat /libx32: No such file or directory ldconfig: Path `/usr/lib' given more than once ldconfig: Path `/usr/lib64' given more than once ldconfig: Can't stat /usr/libx32: No such file or directory /usr/lib64//bind9-export: libisccfg-export.so.160 -> libisccfg-export.so.160.2.1 libisc-export.so.169 -> libisc-export.so.169.0.3 libirs-export.so.160 -> libirs-export.so.160.0.5 libdns-export.so.1102 -> libdns-export.so.1102.1.2 /usr/lib64/mysql: libmysqlclient.so.21 -> libmysqlclient.so.21.1.22 libmysqlclient.so.18 -> libmysqlclient_r.so.18.1.0 /lib: /lib64: liblzf.so.1 -> liblzf.so.1.0.0 libicuuc.so.65 -> libicuuc.so.65.1 libicutu.so.65 -> libicutu.so.65.1 libicutest.so.65 -> libicutest.so.65.1 libicuio.so.65 -> libicuio.so.65.1 libicui18n.so.65 -> libicui18n.so.65.1 libicudata.so.65 -> libicudata.so.65.1 libkadm5srv_mit.so.11 -> libkadm5srv_mit.so.11.0
# 导出验证
root@xxx-xxxx /opt/tmp/gcc-9.2.0/build # ldconfig -p |grep gcc libgcc_s.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 # ldconfig -p |grep gcc libgcc_s.so.1 (libc6,x86-64) => /lib64/libgcc_s.so.1
5.gcc9.2版本太新和glibc-2.28不兼容，更换为 gcc-8.2.0，编译过程和gcc9.2一样
获取 gcc-8.2.0版本源码
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-8.2.0/gcc-8.2.0.tar.gz
tar xf gcc-8.2.0.tar.gz
cd gcc-8.2.0/
[root@sz_jszx_cloud_dev01_17_58 gcc-8.2.0]# ./contrib/download_prerequisites 2021-02-26 17:01:45 URL: ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2 [2383840] -> "./gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2" [1] 2021-02-26 17:03:08 URL: ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2 [1279284] -> "./mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2" [1] 2021-02-26 17:04:00 URL: ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz [669925] -> "./mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz" [1] 2021-02-26 17:06:35 URL: ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/isl-0.18.tar.bz2 [1658291] -> "./isl-0.18.tar.bz2" [1] gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2: OK mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2: OK mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz: OK isl-0.18.tar.bz2: OK All prerequisites downloaded successfully.
# mkdir build
# cd build
# 预编译
# ../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-8.2.0 --enable-bootstrap --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
# 开启多线程编辑加快速度
make -j 4 && make install
修改环境变量，使得gcc-8.2.0为默认的gcc
# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/gcc-8.2.0/bin${PATH:+:${PATH}} export MANPATH=/usr/local/gcc-8.2.0/share/man:${MANPATH} export INFOPATH=/usr/local/gcc-8.2.0/share/info${INFOPATH:+:${INFOPATH}} export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/gcc-8.2.0/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/7.2.0:/usr/local/gcc-8.2.0/lib64:/usr/local/gcc-8.2.0/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/plugin${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}
使其生效：
. /etc/profile $ gcc -v Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/local/gcc-8.2.0/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/lto-wrapper Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-8.2.0 --enable-bootstrap --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib Thread model: posix gcc version 8.2.0 (GCC)
#导出头文件
# ln -sv /usr/local/gcc-8.2.0/include/ /usr/include/gcc [root@sz_jszx_cloud_dev01_17_58 build]# gcc -v Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/local/gcc-8.2.0/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/8.2.0/lto-wrapper Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-8.2.0 --enable-bootstrap --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib Thread model: posix gcc version 8.2.0 (GCC) [opsadmin@sz_jszx_cloud_dev01_17_58 ~]$ strings /lib64/libc.so.6 | grep GLIBC GLIBC_2.2.5 GLIBC_2.2.6 GLIBC_2.3 GLIBC_2.3.2 GLIBC_2.3.3 GLIBC_2.3.4 GLIBC_2.4 GLIBC_2.5 GLIBC_2.6 GLIBC_2.7 GLIBC_2.8 GLIBC_2.9 GLIBC_2.10 GLIBC_2.11 GLIBC_2.12 GLIBC_2.13 GLIBC_2.14 GLIBC_2.15 GLIBC_2.16 GLIBC_2.17 ...
6.编译glibc2.28
# wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/glibc-2.28.tar.gz
编译
# 编译时间较长，开启screen避免编译中断
# screen -S glibc # tar -xf glibc-2.28.tar.gz # cd glibc-2.28 # mkdir build # cd build # 预编译 # ../configure --prefix=/usr --disable-profile --enable-add-ons --with-headers=/usr/include --with-binutils=/usr/bin # 多线程编译，加快编译速度 # make -j 4 && make install
这个报错可以不用理会
LD_SO=ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 CC="gcc -B/usr/bin/" /usr/bin/perl scripts/test-installation.pl /usr/local/src/glibc-2.28/build/
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lnss_test2
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Execution of gcc -B/usr/bin/ failed!
The script has found some problems with your installation!
Please read the FAQ and the README file and check the following:
- Did you change the gcc specs file (necessary after upgrading from
Linux libc5)?
- Are there any symbolic links of the form libXXX.so to old libraries?
Links like libm.so -> libm.so.5 (where libm.so.5 is an old library) are wrong,
libm.so should point to the newly installed glibc file - and there should be
only one such link (check e.g. /lib and /usr/lib)
You should restart this script from your build directory after you've
fixed all problems!
Btw. the script doesn't work if you're installing GNU libc not as your
primary library!
make[1]: *** [Makefile:111: install] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/glibc-2.28'
make: *** [Makefile:12: install] Error 2
# 验证是否成功
[root@sz_jszx_cloud_dev01_17_58 build]# strings /usr/local/gcc-8.2.0/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GLIBCXX_ GLIBCXX_3.4 GLIBCXX_3.4.1 GLIBCXX_3.4.2 GLIBCXX_3.4.3 GLIBCXX_3.4.4 GLIBCXX_3.4.5 GLIBCXX_3.4.6 GLIBCXX_3.4.7 GLIBCXX_3.4.8 GLIBCXX_3.4.9 GLIBCXX_3.4.10 GLIBCXX_3.4.11 GLIBCXX_3.4.12 GLIBCXX_3.4.13 GLIBCXX_3.4.14 GLIBCXX_3.4.15 GLIBCXX_3.4.16 GLIBCXX_3.4.17 GLIBCXX_3.4.18 GLIBCXX_3.4.19 GLIBCXX_3.4.20 GLIBCXX_3.4.21 GLIBCXX_3.4.22 GLIBCXX_3.4.23 GLIBCXX_3.4.24 GLIBCXX_3.4.25 [root@sz_jszx_cloud_dev01_17_58 build]# strings /lib64/libc.so.6 | grep GLIBC GLIBC_2.2.5 GLIBC_2.2.6 GLIBC_2.3 GLIBC_2.3.2 GLIBC_2.3.3 GLIBC_2.3.4 GLIBC_2.4 GLIBC_2.5 GLIBC_2.6 GLIBC_2.7 GLIBC_2.8 GLIBC_2.9 GLIBC_2.10 GLIBC_2.11 GLIBC_2.12 GLIBC_2.13 GLIBC_2.14 GLIBC_2.15 GLIBC_2.16 GLIBC_2.17 GLIBC_2.18 GLIBC_2.22 GLIBC_2.23 GLIBC_2.24 GLIBC_2.25 GLIBC_2.26 GLIBC_2.27 GLIBC_2.28 [root@sz_jszx_cloud_dev01_17_58 local]# ldd --version ldd (GNU libc) 2.28 Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
安装zlib 1.2.11
cd /usr/local/src wget http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz cd zlib-1.2.11 ./configure --libdir=/lib64/ make && make install # 查看版本 strings /lib64/libz.so.1|grep ZLIB # 删除老版本(其实可以不删除) # rpm -qa | grep zlib | xargs rpm -e --nodeps # 这个可以删除 # rm -f /lib64/libz.so.1.2.7 ldconfig ll /lib64/libz.* rm -f /usr/local/lib/libz.so.1 ln -s /lib64/libz.so.1.2.11 /usr/local/lib/libz.so.1
报错：
-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_TIME: cannot change locale (en_US.UTF-8)
处理方法
vim /etc/environment
LANG=en_US.utf-8
LC_ALL=