当你打开Safari的时候,输入网址,会有许多候选网址,点击后,自动填充到输入框,进入网页。
打开词典查单词的时候,输入前面部分字母,软件会给出符合的候选单词。
这样做的目的,是为了省去用户繁琐的输入,节省时间,提升用户体验。
先上效果图
今天对基本的UITextField进行改装,让其具备此功能。
新建项目后,在Main.storyboard里,放好UItextField和UIButton。
下一步,使用control+drag将UITextField拖到interface文件里,选择outlet,名为*urlField
同理,UIButton拖进去,选择IBAction,名为goPressed
先引入将要使用的3个委托,两个是UITableView有关,一个用于收回键盘
建立两个Array, pastUrls和autocompleteUrls
建立一个UITableView用于呈现候选数据,下面是interface内代码
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @class WebViewController; @interface RootViewController : UIViewController <UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource, UITextFieldDelegate> @property (nonatomic, retain) UITextField *urlField; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray *pastUrls; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableArray *autocompleteUrls; @property (nonatomic, retain) UITableView *autocompleteTableView; - (IBAction)goPressed; - (void)searchAutocompleteEntriesWithSubstring:(NSString *)substring; @end
pastUrls放入匹配的数据,初始化UITableView,并将其隐藏
- (void)viewDidLoad { self.pastUrls = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"www.google.com", @"www.cnblog.com", nil]; self.autocompleteUrls = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; autocompleteTableView = [[UITableView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 80, 320, 120) style:UITableViewStylePlain]; autocompleteTableView.delegate = self; autocompleteTableView.dataSource = self; autocompleteTableView.scrollEnabled = YES; autocompleteTableView.hidden = YES; [self.view addSubview:autocompleteTableView]; [super viewDidLoad]; }
- (IBAction)goPressed:(id)sender { // 按下button,收回键盘,隐藏UITableView [urlField resignFirstResponder]; autocompleteTableView.hidden = YES; // Add the URL to the list of entered URLS as long as it isn't already there if (![pastUrls containsObject:urlField.text]) { [pastUrls addObject:urlField.text]; } }
- (void)searchAutocompleteEntriesWithSubstring:(NSString *)substring { // Put anything that starts with this substring into the autocompleteUrls array // 过滤,剩下符合输入文字的候选 [autocompleteUrls removeAllObjects]; for(NSString *curString in pastUrls) { NSRange substringRange = [curString rangeOfString:substring]; if (substringRange.location == 0) { [autocompleteUrls addObject:curString]; } } [autocompleteTableView reloadData]; } #pragma mark UITextFieldDelegate methods //当用户增,删字符的时候,都会调用此方法
// - (BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range replacementString:(NSString *)string { autocompleteTableView.hidden = NO; NSString *substring = [NSString stringWithString:textField.text]; substring = [substring stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:range withString:string]; [self searchAutocompleteEntriesWithSubstring:substring]; return YES; }
- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger) section { return autocompleteUrls.count; } - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { UITableViewCell *cell = nil; static NSString *AutoCompleteRowIdentifier = @"AutoCompleteRowIdentifier"; cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:AutoCompleteRowIdentifier]; if (cell == nil) { cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:AutoCompleteRowIdentifier] autorelease]; } cell.textLabel.text = [autocompleteUrls objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; return cell; } #pragma mark UITableViewDelegate methods //将用户选择的候选网址,设置到输入框里,并调用button的方法 - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { UITableViewCell *selectedCell = [tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:indexPath]; urlField.text = selectedCell.textLabel.text; [self goPressed]; }