设计模式系列：原型模式（Prototype Pattern）

1.介绍

原型模式是一种创建型设计模式，Prototype模式允许一个对象再创建另外一个可定制的对象，

根本无需知道任何如何创建的细节,工作原理是:通过将一个原型对象传给那个要发动创建的对象，

这个要发动创建的对象通过请求原型对象拷贝它们自己来实施创建。  

2.示例

    [Serializable]
    public class StudentProperty
    {
        private StudentProperty()//让我们创建对象的时候，麻烦一点
        {
            long lRsult = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000000000; i++)
            {
                lRsult += i;
            }
            Console.WriteLine("构造函数计算完成 {0}", lRsult);
        }
        private static StudentProperty _StudentProperty = null;

        static StudentProperty()
        {
            _StudentProperty = new StudentProperty();
            _StudentProperty.Name = "tumi";
            _StudentProperty.Class = new Advanced()
            {
                Id = 1,
                Name = "Advanced"
            };
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 原型模式:解决对象重复创建的问题
        /// 通过MemberwiseClone来clone新对象，内存操作，直接复制的，避免重复创建
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static StudentProperty Clone()
        {
            StudentProperty studentCopy = (StudentProperty)_StudentProperty.MemberwiseClone();
            return studentCopy;
        }

        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public DateTime Now { get; set; }
        public Advanced Class { get; set; }


    }

    [Serializable]
    public class Advanced
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }

    }

    public class SerializeHelper
    {
        public static string Serializable(object target)
        {
            using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())
            {
                new BinaryFormatter().Serialize(stream, target);

                return Convert.ToBase64String(stream.ToArray());
            }
        }

        public static T Derializable<T>(string target)
        {
            byte[] targetArray = Convert.FromBase64String(target);

            using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(targetArray))
            {
                return (T)(new BinaryFormatter().Deserialize(stream));
            }
        }

        public static T DeepClone<T>(T t)
        {
            return Derializable<T>(Serializable(t));
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 1 原型模式
    /// 2 浅表复制和深表复制
    /// </summary>
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
 
            StudentProperty studentProperty1 = StudentProperty.Clone();
            studentProperty1.Name = "One";
            studentProperty1.Id = 1;
            studentProperty1.Now = DateTime.Now;


            StudentProperty studentProperty2 = StudentProperty.Clone();
            studentProperty2.Name = "Two";
            studentProperty2.Id = 2;
            studentProperty2.Now = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);


            studentProperty2.Class.Name = "ClassName";


            StudentProperty studentProperty3 = SerializeHelper.Derializable<StudentProperty>(SerializeHelper.Serializable(studentProperty2));//借助序列化，实现深克隆
            studentProperty3.Class.Name = "ClassName";

            Console.Read();
        }
    }