专题介绍
一台配置强大的电脑，一个巨大的显示屏，一个顺手的编辑器，飞快的网速，可以说是高效工作的必备条件．自命一个搞技术的，深知时间的宝贵，效率可以说是一个人的能力评价的评介标准．硬件条件只是钱的问题，而软件的配置则是个人素养问题．
此处本意是打造一个专题，这里单讲编辑器vim
打造专属vim
vim的重要性不必费话．网上有几个不错的vim配置方案，特别在github上，作者已经简化到只出几个命令的地步，有kvim，wklken, [easwy](git clone https://github.com/easwy/share.git)等，但这些有很大的针对性，不可照搬不误，因为好多插件和配置，如果不明就里，反而会适得其反．这就要求对配置和插件做到耳熟能详，只在身体力行，运用才能游刃有余．
此博文长期更新，以备不时之需，亦可备份待查
配置vimrc
先上一个最基本的配置代码
"==========================================
" Author: vintion
" Version: 1.0
" Email: niwenxianq@qq.com
" BlogPost: http://cnblog/vintion
" Last_modify: 2014-11-24
" ====================================================
" 修改leader键
let mapleader = ','
let g:mapleader = ','
" 开启语法高亮
syntax on
"==========================================
" General Settings 基础设置
"==========================================
"set guifont=Monaco:h20 " 字体 && 字号
" history存储容量
set history=2000
"检测文件类型
filetype on
"set tags
":set tags=tags
"针对不同的文件类型采用不同的缩进格式
filetype indent on
"允许插件
filetype plugin on
"启动自动补全
filetype plugin indent on
set autoread " 文件修改之后自动载入。
set shortmess=atI " 启动的时候不显示那个援助索马里儿童的提示
" 备份,到另一个位置. 防止误删, 目前是取消备份
"set backup
"set backupext=.bak
"set backupdir=/tmp/vimbk/
" 取消备份。 视情况自己改
set nobackup
" 关闭交换文件
set noswapfile
"create undo file
if has('persistent_undo')
set undolevels=1000 " How many undos
set undoreload=10000 " number of lines to save for undo
set undofile " So is persistent undo ...
set undodir=/tmp/vimundo/
endif
set wildignore=*.swp,*.bak,*.pyc,*.class,.svn
" 突出显示当前行等
set cursorcolumn
set cursorline " 突出显示当前行
"设置 退出vim后，内容显示在终端屏幕, 可以用于查看和复制
"好处：误删什么的，如果以前屏幕打开，可以找回
set t_ti= t_te=
" 可以在buffer的任何地方使用鼠标（类似office中在工作区双击鼠标定位）
set mouse=a
"set mouse-=a " 鼠标暂不启用, 键盘党....
set selection=exclusive
set selectmode=mouse,key
" 修复ctrl+m 多光标操作选择的bug，但是改变了ctrl+v进行字符选中时将包含光标下的字符
"set selection=exclusive
set selection=inclusive
set selectmode=mouse,key
" No annoying sound on errors
" 去掉输入错误的提示声音
set title " change the terminal's title
"不要闪烁
set novisualbell " don't beep
set noerrorbells " don't beep
set t_vb=
set tm=500
" Remember info about open buffers on close"
set viminfo^=%
" For regular expressions turn magic on
set magic
" Configure backspace so it acts as it should act
set backspace=eol,start,indent
set whichwrap+=<,>,h,l
"==========================================
" Display Settings 展示/排版等界面格式设置
"==========================================
"
"显示当前的行号列号：
set ruler
set rulerformat=%20(%2*%<%f%= %m%r %3l %c %p%%%)
" 命令行（在状态行下）的高度，默认为1
set cmdheight=1
""在状态栏显示正在输入的命令
set showcmd
" 左下角显示当前vim模式
set showmode
" 在上下移动光标时，光标的上方或下方至少会保留显示的行数
set scrolloff=7
" 状态行颜色
highlight StatusLine guifg=SlateBlue guibg=Yellow
highlight StatusLineNC guifg=Gray guibg=White
" set winwidth=79
" 命令行（在状态行下）的高度，默认为1，这里是2
"set statusline=%<%f %h%m%r%=%k[%{(&fenc=="")?&enc:&fenc}%{(&bomb?",BOM":"")}] %-14.(%l,%c%V%) %P
" Always show the status line - use 2 lines for the status bar
set laststatus=2
set statusline=%F%m%r%h%w [FORMAT=%{&ff}] [TYPE=%Y] [POS=%l,%v][%p%%] %{strftime("%d/%m/%y - %H:%M")}
"显示行号：
set number
" 取消换行。
set nowrap
" 括号配对情况,跳转并高亮一下匹配的括号
set showmatch
" How many tenths of a second to blink when matching brackets
set matchtime=2
"设置文内智能搜索提示
" 高亮search命中的文本。
set hlsearch
" 打开增量搜索模式,随着键入即时搜索，逐字高亮
set incsearch
" 搜索时忽略大小写
set ignorecase
" 有一个或以上大写字母时仍大小写敏感
set smartcase " ignore case if search pattern is all lowercase, case-sensitive otherwise
" 代码折叠
set foldenable
" 折叠方法
" manual 手工折叠
" indent 使用缩进表示折叠
" expr 使用表达式定义折叠
" syntax 使用语法定义折叠
" diff 对没有更改的文本进行折叠
" marker 使用标记进行折叠, 默认标记是 {{{ 和 }}}
set foldmethod=indent
set foldlevel=99
" 缩进配置
set smartindent " Smart indent
set cindent "C样式缩进
set autoindent " 打开自动缩进，继承前一行的缩进
" never add copyindent, case error " copy the previous indentation on autoindenting
" tab相关变更
set tabstop=4 " 设置Tab键的宽度 [等同的空格个数]
set shiftwidth=4 " 每一次缩进对应的空格数
set softtabstop=4 " 按退格键时可以一次删掉 4 个空格
set smarttab " insert tabs on the start of a line according to shiftwidth, not tabstop 按退格键时可以一次删掉 4 个空格
set expandtab " 将Tab自动转化成空格 [需要输入真正的Tab键时，使用 Ctrl+V + Tab]
set shiftround " 缩进时，取整 use multiple of shiftwidth when indenting with '<' and '>'
set wrap "换行，nowrap是不换行
" A buffer becomes hidden when it is abandoned
set hidden
set wildmode=list:longest
set ttyfast
" 00x增减数字时使用十进制
set nrformats=
" 相对行号 行号变成相对，可以用 nj nk 进行跳转 5j 5k 上下跳5行
set relativenumber number
au FocusLost * :set norelativenumber number
au FocusGained * :set relativenumber
" 插入模式下用绝对行号, 普通模式下用相对
autocmd InsertEnter * :set norelativenumber number
autocmd InsertLeave * :set relativenumber
function! NumberToggle()
if(&relativenumber == 1)
set norelativenumber number
else
set relativenumber
endif
endfunc
nnoremap <C-n> :call NumberToggle()<cr>
"==========================================
" FileEncode Settings 文件编码,格式
"==========================================
" 设置新文件的编码为 UTF-8
set encoding=utf-8
" 自动判断编码时，依次尝试以下编码：
set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,cp936,gb18030,big5,euc-jp,euc-kr,latin1
set helplang=cn
"set langmenu=zh_CN.UTF-8
"set enc=2byte-gb18030
" 下面这句只影响普通模式 (非图形界面) 下的 Vim。
set termencoding=utf-8
" Use Unix as the standard file type
set ffs=unix,dos,mac
" 如遇Unicode值大于255的文本，不必等到空格再折行。
"自动格式化
"set formatoptions+=m
set formatoptions=tcrqn
" 合并两行中文时，不在中间加空格：
set formatoptions+=B
"==========================================
" others 其它设置
"==========================================
autocmd! bufwritepost _vimrc source % " vimrc文件修改之后自动加载。 windows。
autocmd! bufwritepost .vimrc source % " vimrc文件修改之后自动加载。 linux。
" 自动补全配置
"让Vim的补全菜单行为与一般IDE一致(参考VimTip1228)
set completeopt=longest,menu
" 增强模式中的命令行自动完成操作
set wildmenu
" Ignore compiled files
set wildignore=*.o,*~,*.pyc,*.class
"离开插入模式后自动关闭预览窗口
autocmd InsertLeave * if pumvisible() == 0|pclose|endif
"回车即选中当前项
inoremap <expr> <CR> pumvisible() ? "<C-y>" : "<CR>"
"上下左右键的行为 会显示其他信息
inoremap <expr> <Down> pumvisible() ? "<C-n>" : "<Down>"
inoremap <expr> <Up> pumvisible() ? "<C-p>" : "<Up>"
inoremap <expr> <PageDown> pumvisible() ? "<PageDown><C-p><C-n>" : "<PageDown>"
inoremap <expr> <PageUp> pumvisible() ? "<PageUp><C-p><C-n>" : "<PageUp>"
" if this not work ,make sure .viminfo is writable for you
if has("autocmd")
au BufReadPost * if line("'"") > 1 && line("'"") <= line("$") | exe "normal! g'"" | endif
endif
"==========================================
" HotKey Settings 自定义快捷键设置
"==========================================
" 主要按键重定义
" 关闭方向键, 强迫自己用 hjkl
map <Left> <Nop>
map <Right> <Nop>
map <Up> <Nop>
map <Down> <Nop>
"Treat long lines as break lines (useful when moving around in them)
"se swap之后，同物理行上线直接跳
nnoremap k gk
nnoremap gk k
nnoremap j gj
nnoremap gj j
" F1 - F6 设置
" F1 废弃这个键,防止调出系统帮助
" F2 行号开关，用于鼠标复制代码用
" F3 显示可打印字符开关
" F4 换行开关
" F5 粘贴模式paste_mode开关,用于有格式的代码粘贴
" F6 语法开关，关闭语法可以加快大文件的展示
" I can type :help on my own, thanks. Protect your fat fingers from the evils of <F1>
noremap <F1> <Esc>"
""为方便复制，用<F2>开启/关闭行号显示:
function! HideNumber()
if(&relativenumber == &number)
set relativenumber! number!
elseif(&number)
set number!
else
set relativenumber!
endif
set number?
endfunc
nnoremap <F2> :call HideNumber()<CR>
nnoremap <F3> :set list! list?<CR>
nnoremap <F4> :set wrap! wrap?<CR>
"set paste
set pastetoggle=<F5> " when in insert mode, press <F5> to go to
" paste mode, where you can paste mass data
" that won't be autoindented
" disbale paste mode when leaving insert mode
au InsertLeave * set nopaste
nnoremap <F6> :exec exists('syntax_on') ? 'syn off' : 'syn on'<CR>
"Smart way to move between windows 分屏窗口移动
map <C-j> <C-W>j
map <C-k> <C-W>k
map <C-h> <C-W>h
map <C-l> <C-W>l
" Go to home and end using capitalized directions
noremap H ^
noremap L $
"Map ; to : and save a million keystrokes
" ex mode commands made easy 用于快速进入命令行
nnoremap ; :
" 命令行模式增强，ctrl - a到行首， -e 到行尾
cnoremap <C-j> <t_kd>
cnoremap <C-k> <t_ku>
cnoremap <C-a> <Home>
cnoremap <C-e> <End>
" 搜索相关
" Map <Space> to / (search) and Ctrl-<Space> to ? (backwards search)
map <space> /
" 进入搜索Use sane regexes"
nnoremap / /v
vnoremap / /v
"Keep search pattern at the center of the screen."
nnoremap <silent> n nzz
nnoremap <silent> N Nzz
nnoremap <silent> * *zz
nnoremap <silent> # #zz
nnoremap <silent> g* g*zz
" switch # *
nnoremap # *
nnoremap * #
" 去掉搜索高亮
"noremap <silent><leader>/ :nohls<CR>
set nohlsearch
" --------tab/buffer相关
"Use arrow key to change buffer"
" TODO: 如何跳转到确定的buffer?
" :b1 :b2 :bf :bl
nnoremap [b :bprevious<cr>
nnoremap ]b :bnext<cr>
noremap <left> :bp<CR>
noremap <right> :bn<CR>
" tab 操作
" TODO: ctrl + n 变成切换tab的方法
"map <C-2> 2gt
map <leader>th :tabfirst<cr>
map <leader>tl :tablast<cr>
map <leader>tj :tabnext<cr>
map <leader>tk :tabprev<cr>
map <leader>tn :tabnext<cr>
map <leader>tp :tabprev<cr>
map <leader>te :tabedit<cr>
map <leader>td :tabclose<cr>
map <leader>tm :tabm<cr>
" 新建tab Ctrl+t
nnoremap <C-t> :tabnew<CR>
inoremap <C-t> <Esc>:tabnew<CR>
" TODO: 配置成功这里, 切换更方便, 两个键
" nnoremap <C-S-tab> :tabprevious<CR>
" nnoremap <C-tab> :tabnext<CR>
" inoremap <C-S-tab> <Esc>:tabprevious<CR>i
" inoremap <C-tab> <Esc>:tabnext<CR>i
" nnoremap <C-Left> :tabprevious<CR>
" nnoremap <C-Right> :tabnext<CR>
" normal模式下切换到确切的tab
noremap <leader>1 1gt
noremap <leader>2 2gt
noremap <leader>3 3gt
noremap <leader>4 4gt
noremap <leader>5 5gt
noremap <leader>6 6gt
noremap <leader>7 7gt
noremap <leader>8 8gt
noremap <leader>9 9gt
noremap <leader>0 :tablast<cr>
" Toggles between the active and last active tab "
" The first tab is always 1 "
let g:last_active_tab = 1
nnoremap <leader>gt :execute 'tabnext ' . g:last_active_tab<cr>
nnoremap <silent> <c-l> :execute 'tabnext ' . g:last_active_tab<cr>
vnoremap <silent> <c-l> :execute 'tabnext ' . g:last_active_tab<cr>
autocmd TabLeave * let g:last_active_tab = tabpagenr()
" ------- 选中及操作改键
"Reselect visual block after indent/outdent.调整缩进后自动选中，方便再次操作
vnoremap < <gv
vnoremap > >gv
" y$ -> Y Make Y behave like other capitals
map Y y$
" select all
map <Leader>sa ggVG"
"map <Leader>as gg"+yG
" select block
nnoremap <leader>v V`}
" w!! to sudo & write a file
cmap w!! w !sudo tee >/dev/null %
" kj 替换 Esc
inoremap kj <Esc>
" 滚动Speed up scrolling of the viewport slightly
nnoremap <C-e> 2<C-e>
nnoremap <C-y> 2<C-y>
"Jump to start and end of line using the home row keys
" 增强tab操作, 导致这个会有问题, 考虑换键
"nmap t o<ESC>k
"nmap T O<ESC>j
" Quickly close the current window
nnoremap <leader>q :q<CR>
" Swap implementations of ` and ' jump to markers
" By default, ' jumps to the marked line, ` jumps to the marked line and
" column, so swap them
nnoremap ' `
nnoremap ` '
" remap U to <C-r> for easier redo
nnoremap U <C-r>
" Quickly edit/reload the vimrc file
nmap <silent> <leader>ev :e $MYVIMRC<CR>
nmap <silent> <leader>sv :so $MYVIMRC<CR>
"==========================================
" FileType Settings 文件类型设置
"==========================================
" Python 文件的一般设置，比如不要 tab 等
autocmd FileType python set tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 expandtab ai
" 保存python文件时删除多余空格
fun! <SID>StripTrailingWhitespaces()
let l = line(".")
let c = col(".")
%s/s+$//e
call cursor(l, c)
endfun
autocmd FileType c,cpp,java,php,ruby,python autocmd BufWritePre <buffer> :call <SID>StripTrailingWhitespaces()
" 定义函数AutoSetFileHead，自动插入文件头
autocmd BufNewFile *.sh,*.py exec ":call AutoSetFileHead()"
function! AutoSetFileHead()
"如果文件类型为.sh文件
if &filetype == 'sh'
call setline(1, "#!/bin/bash")
endif
"如果文件类型为python
if &filetype == 'python'
call setline(1, "#!/usr/bin/env python")
call append(1, "# encoding: utf-8")
endif
normal G
normal o
normal o
endfunc
" F10 to run python script
nnoremap <buffer> <F10> :exec '!python' shellescape(@%, 1)<cr>
"F5: C/C++的编译和运行
map <F5> :call CompileRunGpp()<CR>
func! CompileRunGpp()
exec "w"
exec "!g++ % -o %<"
exec "! ./%<"
endfunc
"==========================================
" Theme Settings 主题设置
"==========================================
" Set extra options when running in GUI mode
if has("gui_running")
set guifont=Monaco:h14
if has("gui_gtk2") "GTK2
set guifont=Monaco 12, Monospace 12
endif
set guioptions-=T
set guioptions+=e
set guioptions-=r
set guioptions-=L
set guitablabel=%M %t
set showtabline=1
set linespace=2
set noimd
set t_Co=256
endif
" theme主题
set background=dark
"colorscheme solarized
set t_Co=256
"colorscheme molokai
"colorscheme desert
"设置标记一列的背景颜色和数字一行颜色一致
hi! link SignColumn LineNr
hi! link ShowMarksHLl DiffAdd
hi! link ShowMarksHLu DiffChange
"" for error highlight，防止错误整行标红导致看不清
highlight clear SpellBad
highlight SpellBad term=standout ctermfg=1 term=underline cterm=underline
highlight clear SpellCap
highlight SpellCap term=underline cterm=underline
highlight clear SpellRare
highlight SpellRare term=underline cterm=underline
highlight clear SpellLocal
highlight SpellLocal term=underline cterm=underline
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" Tag list (ctags)
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
nmap <silent> <F9> <ESC>:Tlist<RETURN>
nmap tl :Tlist<cr>
let Tlist_Show_One_File = 1 "不同时显示多个文件的tag，只显示当前文件的
let Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close = 1
let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow = 1 "如果taglist窗口是最后一个窗口，则退出vim
let Tlist_Use_Right_Window = 1 "在右侧窗口中显示taglist窗口
" minibufexpl插件的一般设置
let g:miniBufExplMapWindowNavVim = 1
let g:miniBufExplMapWindowNavArrows = 1
let g:miniBufExplMapCTabSwitchBufs = 1
let g:miniBufExplModSelTarget = 1
"********************************************************
" NERD_Tree 配置 *
"********************************************************
"显示增强
let NERDChristmasTree=1
"自动调整焦点
let NERDTreeAutoCenter=1
"鼠标模式:目录单击,文件双击
let NERDTreeMouseMode=2
"打开文件后自动关闭
let NERDTreeQuitOnOpen=1
"显示文件
let NERDTreeShowFiles=1
"显示隐藏文件
let NERDTreeShowHidden=1
"高亮显示当前文件或目录
let NERDTreeHightCursorline=1
"显示行号
let NERDTreeShowLineNumbers=1
"窗口位置
let NERDTreeWinPos='left'
"窗口宽度
let NERDTreeWinSize=31
"不显示'Bookmarks' label 'Press ? for help'
let NERDTreeMinimalUI=1
nnoremap <silent> <F4> :NERDTreeToggle<CR>
"快捷键
"nnoremap <silent> <F4> :NERDTreeToggle<CR>
""map <F4> :silent! NERDTreeToggle<CR>
""let NERDTreeWinPos="right" "窗口在右侧
"当打开NERDTree时，自动显示bookmark
""let NERDTreeShowBookmarks=1
"winManagerWinodw
let g:winManagerWindowLayout='FileExplorer|TagList'
nmap wm :WMToggle<cr>
"括号补全
:inoremap ( ()<ESC>i
:inoremap ) <c-r>=ClosePair(')')<CR>
inoremap { {<CR>}<ESC>O
inoremap } <c-r>=ClosePair('}')<CR>
:inoremap [ []<ESC>i
:inoremap ] <c-r>=ClosePair(']')<CR>
:inoremap " ""<ESC>i
:inoremap ' ''<ESC>i
function! ClosePair(char)
if getline('.')[col('.') - 1] == a:char
return "<Right>"
else
return a:char
endif
endfunction
"*********************************************************
" vundle 配置 *
"*********************************************************
set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
call vundle#begin()
" let Vundle manage Vundle, required
Plugin 'gmarik/Vundle.vim'
" My Plugins is here
Plugin 'tpope/vim-fugitive'
Plugin 'L9'
Plugin 'a.vim'
Plugin 'Auto-Pairs'
Plugin 'vim-scripts/taglist.vim'
Plugin 'The-NERD-tree'
Plugin 'Syntastic'
Plugin 'FuzzyFinder'
Plugin 'Lokaltog/vim-powerline'
Plugin 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe'
call vundle#end()
"启动智能补全
filetype plugin indent on
"*****************************************************
" taglist配置 *
"*****************************************************
"不显示"press F1 to display help"
let Tlist_Compact_Format=1
"窗口在右侧显示
let Tlist_Use_Right_Window=1
"只显示当前文件的tags
let Tlist_Show_One_File=1
"高亮显示
let Tlist_Auto_Highlight_tag=1
"随文件自动更新
let Tlist_Auto_Update=1
"设置宽度
let Tlist_WinWidth=30
"taglist窗口是最后一个窗口，则退出vim
let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow=1
"单击跳转
let Tlist_Use_SingClick=1
"打开关闭快捷键
nnoremap <silent> <F8> :TlistToggle<CR>
"*****************************************************
" YouCompleteMe配置 *
"*****************************************************
"leader映射为逗号“，”
let mapleader = ","
"配置默认的ycm_extra_conf.py
let g:ycm_global_ycm_extra_conf = '~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe/third_party/ycmd/cpp/ycm/.ycm_extra_conf.py'
"按,jd 会跳转到定义
nnoremap <leader>jd :YcmCompleter GoToDefinitionElseDeclaration<CR>
"打开vim时不再询问是否加载ycm_extra_conf.py配置
let g:ycm_confirm_extra_conf=0
"使用ctags生成的tags文件
let g:ycm_collect_identifiers_from_tag_files = 1
"*****************************************************
" Syntastic配置 *
"*****************************************************
let g:Syntastic_check_on_open=1
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