zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • 20200419:1到100万以内,如何打印99万个不重复的随机数?

    福哥答案2020-04-19:

    构造一个一一映射x→f(x)。定义域和值域都是0到999999,
    当x加1时,y的变化必须看起来杂乱无章。
    然后从0到99万循环x,打印f(x)。
    直接找杂乱无章的f(x)是可以的,由于我不是专门研究数学的,就不考虑了。

    分块+每位随机。100万以内的数字总共有6位,个位,十位,百位,千位,万位,十万位。为了方便描述,假设1-100,只有个位和十位。
    序号:0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
    个位随机:3 8 2 4 0 1 9 7 5 6
    十位随机:1 6 8 9 2 5 7 0 3 4
    x→y x从0开始自增1,y看起来杂乱无章
    00→13
    01→18
    02→12
    03→14
    04→10
    05→11

    这个结果有个问题,个位看起来随机了,但是十位的数字并没有发生变化,很明显不随机。
    十位数值 = 十位数值减去个位数值,这看起来就变得随机了。如下:
    00→13→83
    01→18→38
    02→12→92
    03→14→74
    04→10→10
    05→11→01

    福哥答案2020-06-04:
    04-19答案,生成的随机数,有规律。所以新增了算法来规避这种规律性。方法如下:
    两个十进制合并成一个百进制,替换后,一个百进制拆分成两个十进制。

    golang代码如下:

    package test17_1_100w
     
    import (
        "fmt"
        "math/rand"
        "strconv"
        "testing"
        "time"
    )
     
    const (
        DIGIT = 6
    )
     
    //十进制随机数列表
    var randnumlist1 [][]int
     
    //百进制随机数列表
    var randnumlist2 [][]int
     
    func init() {
        randnumlist1 = [][]int{
            {4, 5, 8, 7, 1, 2, 9, 6, 0, 3},
            {2, 4, 9, 3, 1, 0, 7, 6, 8, 5},
            {2, 3, 1, 5, 8, 9, 6, 4, 0, 7},
            {3, 5, 2, 6, 0, 4, 8, 9, 7, 1},
            {1, 0, 9, 6, 8, 4, 3, 7, 5, 2},
            {4, 3, 0, 2, 9, 5, 7, 1, 6, 8}}
        randnumlist2 = [][]int{
            {22, 99, 56, 73, 69, 65, 8, 20, 68, 83, 85, 89, 14, 90, 66, 25, 70, 49, 91, 79, 26, 58, 18, 9, 30, 87, 44, 93, 24, 4, 19, 88, 40, 41, 31, 3, 7, 72, 71, 81, 86, 50, 13, 78, 67, 63, 92, 10, 1, 96, 77, 53, 64, 76, 16, 54, 29, 59, 43, 94, 60, 52, 27, 0, 36, 95, 6, 37, 5, 39, 17, 82, 12, 2, 46, 57, 23, 84, 98, 38, 42, 75, 62, 80, 35, 47, 97, 51, 33, 55, 48, 45, 15, 61, 32, 11, 34, 28, 21, 74},
            {93, 13, 67, 78, 71, 63, 6, 60, 76, 23, 89, 24, 56, 9, 88, 66, 45, 20, 90, 32, 68, 19, 72, 84, 7, 64, 41, 83, 34, 29, 69, 70, 28, 61, 25, 4, 16, 35, 86, 42, 58, 5, 65, 75, 95, 10, 12, 31, 37, 73, 0, 92, 38, 2, 48, 62, 82, 1, 21, 97, 44, 53, 49, 11, 51, 77, 47, 18, 3, 96, 52, 8, 17, 15, 91, 26, 85, 55, 46, 87, 27, 33, 40, 59, 43, 81, 94, 74, 36, 79, 39, 80, 22, 54, 14, 99, 50, 98, 57, 30},
            {50, 43, 88, 24, 69, 51, 23, 65, 18, 47, 25, 90, 95, 10, 4, 85, 45, 64, 94, 32, 87, 19, 33, 49, 17, 42, 86, 12, 67, 27, 80, 3, 37, 34, 31, 46, 66, 96, 82, 8, 98, 61, 63, 6, 48, 77, 2, 56, 40, 81, 74, 30, 38, 89, 53, 22, 93, 20, 39, 72, 54, 14, 15, 83, 44, 0, 92, 62, 97, 29, 7, 11, 1, 76, 68, 41, 75, 84, 52, 73, 91, 16, 5, 36, 58, 57, 13, 78, 59, 9, 28, 21, 35, 55, 71, 99, 60, 70, 26, 79},
            {70, 84, 57, 69, 32, 72, 94, 65, 66, 29, 82, 75, 15, 60, 76, 79, 42, 49, 55, 12, 0, 22, 48, 41, 73, 97, 43, 61, 26, 53, 80, 85, 3, 71, 54, 77, 21, 34, 86, 8, 78, 50, 31, 6, 28, 5, 24, 14, 47, 1, 90, 20, 37, 46, 62, 39, 33, 10, 9, 58, 89, 59, 99, 45, 35, 88, 83, 81, 51, 30, 96, 4, 36, 17, 2, 74, 68, 56, 92, 40, 11, 67, 23, 44, 13, 18, 38, 7, 87, 52, 63, 98, 27, 91, 64, 19, 25, 93, 95, 16},
            {30, 4, 82, 77, 53, 14, 29, 48, 47, 95, 73, 19, 64, 79, 33, 46, 66, 56, 35, 51, 72, 87, 89, 34, 86, 58, 11, 28, 24, 67, 97, 69, 9, 37, 92, 94, 21, 40, 6, 59, 71, 68, 90, 45, 96, 0, 41, 20, 18, 42, 85, 74, 65, 13, 83, 84, 31, 8, 75, 55, 50, 5, 25, 2, 32, 39, 12, 80, 62, 3, 81, 93, 26, 23, 16, 38, 52, 60, 1, 7, 98, 76, 61, 44, 27, 54, 17, 10, 70, 78, 49, 15, 36, 99, 63, 57, 22, 43, 88, 91},
            {90, 43, 15, 85, 58, 78, 62, 89, 57, 30, 31, 9, 33, 63, 61, 12, 86, 47, 55, 91, 1, 97, 80, 87, 60, 56, 71, 81, 32, 77, 10, 99, 16, 52, 72, 19, 37, 2, 18, 5, 13, 75, 35, 42, 49, 4, 94, 22, 29, 23, 39, 41, 51, 68, 67, 88, 24, 66, 82, 38, 45, 28, 74, 96, 14, 46, 27, 73, 69, 79, 53, 17, 65, 95, 40, 7, 6, 93, 21, 44, 92, 83, 36, 25, 54, 48, 70, 76, 98, 50, 0, 84, 34, 20, 26, 3, 59, 11, 8, 64},
        }
    }
     
    //打印[0,9]之间的随机数
    //go test -v -test.run TestPrint10Rand
    func TestPrint10Rand(t *testing.T) {
        rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
        nums := []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
        numsret := make([]int, 0)
        for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
            tempindex := rand.Intn(10 - i)
            numsret = append(numsret, nums[tempindex])
            nums = append(nums[0:tempindex], nums[tempindex+1:]...)
        }
        fmt.Println(numsret)
        fmt.Println("")
    }
     
    //打印[0,99]之间的随机数
    //go test -v -test.run TestPrint100Rand
    func TestPrint100Rand(t *testing.T) {
        rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
        nums := make([]int, 100)
        for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
            nums[i] = i
        }
        numsret := make([]int, 0)
        for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
            tempindex := rand.Intn(100 - i)
            numsret = append(numsret, nums[tempindex])
            nums = append(nums[0:tempindex], nums[tempindex+1:]...)
            fmt.Print(numsret[i], ",")
        }
        //fmt.Println(numsret)
        fmt.Println("")
    }
     
    //go test -v -test.run TestGetRand
    func TestGetRand(t *testing.T) {
        //fmt.Println(GetRand(2))
        dic := make(map[string]struct{})
        temp := ""
        for i := 0; i < 10000; i++ {
            temp = GetRand(i)
            dic[temp] = struct{}{}
            fmt.Println(temp)
        }
        fmt.Println("len(dic) = ", len(dic))
    }
     
    //生成随机数
    func GetRand(num int) string {
        //数字拆分成数组,方便计算
        numarr := make([]int, DIGIT)
        for i := 0; i < DIGIT; i++ {
            numarr[i] = num % 10
            num /= 10
        }
     
        //按位替换,每位随机
        for i := 0; i < DIGIT; i++ {
            numarr[i] = randnumlist1[i][numarr[i]]
        }
     
        //十位数值 = 十位数值减去个位数值
        if true {
            for i := 1; i < DIGIT; i++ {
                numarr[i] -= numarr[i-1]
                if numarr[i] < 0 {
                    numarr[i] += 10
                }
            }
            numarr[0] -= numarr[DIGIT-1]
            if numarr[0] < 0 {
                numarr[0] += 10
            }
        }
     
        //两个十进制合并成一个百进制,替换后,一个百进制拆分成两个十进制
        temp := 0
        for i := 1; i < DIGIT; i++ {
            temp = numarr[i]*10 + numarr[i-1]
            temp = randnumlist2[i][temp]
            numarr[i-1] = temp % 10
            numarr[i] = temp / 10
        }
        temp = numarr[0]*10 + numarr[DIGIT-1]
        temp = randnumlist2[0][temp]
        numarr[DIGIT-1] = temp % 10
        numarr[0] = temp / 10
     
        //生成字符串
        ret := ""
        for i := DIGIT - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
            ret += strconv.Itoa(numarr[i])
        }
        return ret
    }
    

      敲命令 go test -v -test.run TestGetRand 结果如下:

    福哥答案2020-04-19:

    构造一个一一映射x→f(x)。定义域和值域都是0到999999,
    当x加1时,y的变化必须看起来杂乱无章。
    然后从0到99万循环x,打印f(x)。
    直接找杂乱无章的f(x)是可以的,由于我不是专门研究数学的,就不考虑了。

    分块+每位随机。100万以内的数字总共有6位,个位,十位,百位,千位,万位,十万位。为了方便描述,假设1-100,只有个位和十位。
    序号:0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
    个位随机:3 8 2 4 0 1 9 7 5 6
    十位随机:1 6 8 9 2 5 7 0 3 4
    x→y x从0开始自增1,y看起来杂乱无章
    00→13
    01→18
    02→12
    03→14
    04→10
    05→11

    这个结果有个问题,个位看起来随机了,但是十位的数字并没有发生变化,很明显不随机。
    十位数值 = 十位数值减去个位数值,这看起来就变得随机了。如下:
    00→13→83
    01→18→38
    02→12→92
    03→14→74
    04→10→10
    05→11→01

    福哥答案2020-06-04:
    04-19答案,生成的随机数,有规律。所以新增了算法来规避这种规律性。方法如下:
    两个十进制合并成一个百进制,替换后,一个百进制拆分成两个十进制。

    golang代码如下:

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    14
    15
    16
    17
    18
    19
    20
    21
    22
    23
    24
    25
    26
    27
    28
    29
    30
    31
    32
    33
    34
    35
    36
    37
    38
    39
    40
    41
    42
    43
    44
    45
    46
    47
    48
    49
    50
    51
    52
    53
    54
    55
    56
    57
    58
    59
    60
    61
    62
    63
    64
    65
    66
    67
    68
    69
    70
    71
    72
    73
    74
    75
    76
    77
    78
    79
    80
    81
    82
    83
    84
    85
    86
    87
    88
    89
    90
    91
    92
    93
    94
    95
    96
    97
    98
    99
    100
    101
    102
    103
    104
    105
    106
    107
    108
    109
    110
    111
    112
    113
    114
    115
    116
    117
    118
    119
    120
    121
    122
    123
    124
    125
    126
    127
    128
    129
    130
    131
    132
    133
    package test17_1_100w
     
    import (
        "fmt"
        "math/rand"
        "strconv"
        "testing"
        "time"
    )
     
    const (
        DIGIT = 6
    )
     
    //十进制随机数列表
    var randnumlist1 [][]int
     
    //百进制随机数列表
    var randnumlist2 [][]int
     
    func init() {
        randnumlist1 = [][]int{
            {4587129603},
            {2493107685},
            {2315896407},
            {3526048971},
            {1096843752},
            {4302957168}}
        randnumlist2 = [][]int{
            {2299567369658206883858914906625704991792658189308744932441988404131377271818650137867639210196775364761654295943946052270369563753917821224657238498384275628035479751335548451561321134282174},
            {9313677871636607623892456988664520903268197284764418334296970286125416358642585657595101231377309238248628212197445349115177471839652817159126855546872733405943819474367939802254149950985730},
            {5043882469512365184725909510485456494328719334917428612672780337343146669682898616364877256408174303889532293203972541415834409262972971117668417584527391165365857137859928213555719960702679},
            {7084576932729465662982751560767942495512022484173974361265380853715477213486878503162852414471902037466239331095889599945358883815130964361727468569240116723441318387875263982791641925939516},
            {3048277531429484795731964793346665635517287893486581128246797699379294214065971689045960412018428574651383843187555505252323912806238193262316385260179876614427541710707849153699635722438891},
            {9043158558786289573031933636112864755911978087605671813277109916527219372185137535424949422292339415168678824668238452874961446277369795317659540769321449283362554487076985008434202635911864},
        }
    }
     
    //打印[0,9]之间的随机数
    //go test -v -test.run TestPrint10Rand
    func TestPrint10Rand(t *testing.T) {
        rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
        nums := []int{0123456789}
        numsret := make([]int0)
        for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
            tempindex := rand.Intn(10 - i)
            numsret = append(numsret, nums[tempindex])
            nums = append(nums[0:tempindex], nums[tempindex+1:]...)
        }
        fmt.Println(numsret)
        fmt.Println("")
    }
     
    //打印[0,99]之间的随机数
    //go test -v -test.run TestPrint100Rand
    func TestPrint100Rand(t *testing.T) {
        rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
        nums := make([]int100)
        for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
            nums[i] = i
        }
        numsret := make([]int0)
        for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
            tempindex := rand.Intn(100 - i)
            numsret = append(numsret, nums[tempindex])
            nums = append(nums[0:tempindex], nums[tempindex+1:]...)
            fmt.Print(numsret[i], ",")
        }
        //fmt.Println(numsret)
        fmt.Println("")
    }
     
    //go test -v -test.run TestGetRand
    func TestGetRand(t *testing.T) {
        //fmt.Println(GetRand(2))
        dic := make(map[string]struct{})
        temp := ""
        for i := 0; i < 10000; i++ {
            temp = GetRand(i)
            dic[temp] = struct{}{}
            fmt.Println(temp)
        }
        fmt.Println("len(dic) = ", len(dic))
    }
     
    //生成随机数
    func GetRand(num int) string {
        //数字拆分成数组,方便计算
        numarr := make([]int, DIGIT)
        for i := 0; i < DIGIT; i++ {
            numarr[i] = num % 10
            num /= 10
        }
     
        //按位替换,每位随机
        for i := 0; i < DIGIT; i++ {
            numarr[i] = randnumlist1[i][numarr[i]]
        }
     
        //十位数值 = 十位数值减去个位数值
        if true {
            for i := 1; i < DIGIT; i++ {
                numarr[i] -= numarr[i-1]
                if numarr[i] < 0 {
                    numarr[i] += 10
                }
            }
            numarr[0] -= numarr[DIGIT-1]
            if numarr[0] < 0 {
                numarr[0] += 10
            }
        }
     
        //两个十进制合并成一个百进制,替换后,一个百进制拆分成两个十进制
        temp := 0
        for i := 1; i < DIGIT; i++ {
            temp = numarr[i]*10 + numarr[i-1]
            temp = randnumlist2[i][temp]
            numarr[i-1] = temp % 10
            numarr[i] = temp / 10
        }
        temp = numarr[0]*10 + numarr[DIGIT-1]
        temp = randnumlist2[0][temp]
        numarr[DIGIT-1] = temp % 10
        numarr[0] = temp / 10
     
        //生成字符串
        ret := ""
        for i := DIGIT - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
            ret += strconv.Itoa(numarr[i])
        }
        return ret
    }

    敲命令 go test -v -test.run TestGetRand 结果如下:

  • 相关阅读:
    .net MVC 下载文件乱码问题解决方案
    javascript将json转字符串
    js中将字符串转换成json的三种方式
    mvc项目,导出到Excel,中文显示乱码
    20160606面试题总结
    bzoj 4318: OSU!
    bzoj 1419: Red is good
    Codeforces 123 E Maze
    HDU 4336 Card Collector
    Codeforces 540 D Bad Luck Island
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/waitmoon/p/13440860.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看