zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • ElasticSearch中term和match探索

    一.创建测试数据

    1.创建一个index

    curl -X PUT  http://127.0.0.1:9200/student?pretty -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{
        "settings": {
            "number_of_shards": 1,
            "number_of_replicas": 0
        },
        "mappings": {
            "_source": {
                "enabled": true
            },
            "properties": {
                "id": {
                    "type": "integer"
                },
                "name": {
                    "type": "text"
                },
                "age": {
                    "type": "integer"
                },
                "class": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "analyzer": "ik_max_word"
                },
                "introduce": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "analyzer": "ik_max_word"
                }
            }
        }
    }'
    

    2.验证是否创建成功

    curl -XGET "http://127.0.0.1:9200/student?pretty"
    

    3.插入测试数据

    curl -X PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/student/_doc/1?pretty -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{
        "id":1,
        "name":"关云长",
        "age":30,
    	"class":"蜀国一班"
    }'
    
    curl -X PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/student/_doc/2?pretty -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{
        "id":2,
        "name":"吕蒙",
        "age":25,
    	"class":"吴国一班"
    }'
    
    curl -X PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/student/_doc/3?pretty -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{
        "id":3,
        "name":"吕布",
        "age":40,
    	"class":"三姓一班"
    }'
    
    curl -X PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/student/_doc/4?pretty -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{
        "id":4,
        "name":"张翼德",
        "age":30,
    	"class":"蜀国二班"
    }'
    

    4.查询所有数据,验证是否正确

    curl -XGET http://127.0.0.1:9200/student/_search?pretty -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '
    {
        "query": {
            "match_all": {}
        }
    }'
    

    二.验证

    
    #关于term和match,下面两个查询,term没有结果,match有结果,为什么?
    curl -XGET http://127.0.0.1:9200/student/_search?pretty -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{
        "query": {
               "term": {"name":"吕蒙"}
        }
    }'
    
    
    curl -XGET http://127.0.0.1:9200/student/_search?pretty -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{
        "query": {
               "match": {"name":"吕蒙"}
        }
    }'
    

    拿A去B里匹配,A能分词,B也能分词。term不会将A分词,match会将A分词,存储数据类型keyword不会将B分词,text会将B分词。

      可以看到上面用term方式查找,没有结果,而用match方式查找,能查找到“吕蒙”和“吕布”两个结果

      term是不分词(不拆分搜索字)查找目标字段中是否有要查找的文字,也就是完整查找“吕蒙”两个字,而name这个字段用的是text类型存储的,text类型数据默认是分词的,也就是elasticsearch会将name分词后(分成“吕”和“蒙”)再存储,这时候拿完整的搜索字“吕蒙”去存储的“吕”、“蒙”里找肯定是找不到的。

      match是分词(拆分搜索字)查找目标字段,也就是说会先将要查找的搜索子“吕蒙”拆成“吕”和“蒙”,再分别去name里找“吕”,如果没有找到“吕”,还会去找“蒙”,而存储的数据里,text已经将“吕蒙”和“吕布”都分词成了“吕”,“蒙”,“吕”,“布”存储了,所以光通过一个“吕”字就能找到两条结果。

      这里要区分搜索词的分词,以及字段存储的分词。拿A去B里匹配,A能分词,B也能分词。term不会将A分词,match会将A分词。

      既然name的类型,存储的时候就是分词的,那能不能在存储的时候不分词了,可以用将text类型改成keyword类型

    #删除所有文档
    curl -XPOST "http://127.0.0.1:9200/student/_delete_by_query?pretty" -v -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '
    {
        "query": {
            "match_all": {}
        }
    }'
    
    #删除索引
    curl -XDELETE "http://127.0.0.1:9200/student?pretty"
    
    #重新创建索引,将name字段的类型改成keyword
    curl -X PUT  http://127.0.0.1:9200/student?pretty -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{
        "settings": {
            "number_of_shards": 1,
            "number_of_replicas": 0
        },
        "mappings": {
            "_source": {
                "enabled": true
            },
            "properties": {
                "id": {
                    "type": "integer"
                },
                "name": {
                    "type": "keyword"
                },
                "age": {
                    "type": "integer"
                },
                "class": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "analyzer": "ik_max_word"
                },
                "introduce": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "analyzer": "ik_max_word"
                }
            }
        }
    }'
    
    #重新插入上面四条数据
    
    #请复制上面的语句,执行
    
    #下面这条查询将返回“吕蒙”同学
    curl -XGET http://127.0.0.1:9200/student/_search?pretty -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{
        "query": {
               "term": {"name":"吕蒙"}
        }
    }'
    
    
    #下面这条查询将返回0结果,因为存储时类型为keyword没有分词,所以存储的是“吕蒙”和“吕布”,这时候拿#“吕”去匹配,没有匹配的结果
    curl -XGET http://127.0.0.1:9200/student/_search?pretty -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{
        "query": {
               "term": {"name":"吕"}
        }
    }'
    
    #下面的结果将只会返回“吕蒙”同学,没有匹配的结果,因为存储时类型为keyword没有分词,所以存储的“吕
    #蒙”和“吕布”,这时候拿“吕蒙”去匹配,虽然用的match,会将搜索词拆分成“吕蒙”,“吕”,“蒙”去搜索,但
    #“吕”和“蒙”都不会匹配的到存储的“吕蒙”和“吕布”
    curl -XGET http://127.0.0.1:9200/student/_search?pretty -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{
        "query": {
               "match": {"name":"吕蒙"}
        }
    }'
    
    
  • 相关阅读:
    【Educational Codeforces Round 33 B】Beautiful Divisors
    【Educational Codeforces Round 33 A】Chess For Three
    【习题 6-7 UVA
    【习题 6-6 UVA
    【习题 6-5 UVA-1600】Patrol Robot
    【习题 6-4 UVA-439】Knight Moves
    【习题 6-3 UVA
    【POJ1144】Network(割点)(模板)
    【CF711D】Directed Roads(环,强连通分量)
    【CF711C】Coloring Trees(DP)
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/werben/p/11888792.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看