mongodb在文档型数据库这方面一直做的很好，也发展了很多年，MySQL作为一个比较大众的数据库也慢慢支持了该特性，下面介绍一下MySQL支持文档型数据库的简单操作。
环境：
| 主机名 | IP | 系统 | 软件 |
| master | 192.168.91.46 | RHEL | MYSQL8.0.17/mysqlsh Ver 8.0.17 |
[root@master ~]# mysqlsh --mysqlx -u root -pkavl7kAkkle! --file /opt/world_x-db/world_x.sql WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. 建立schema
Records: 4079 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
Records: 239 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
Records: 239 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
Records: 984 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
进入库中：
[root@master ~]# mysqlsh --mysqlx -u root -pkavl7kAkkle! --database world_x
MySQL Shell 8.0.17
Copyright (c) 2016, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates.
Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type 'help' or '?' for help; 'quit' to exit.
WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Creating an X protocol session to 'root@localhost/world_x' Fetching schema names for autocompletion... Press ^C to stop.
Your MySQL connection id is 240126 (X protocol)
Server version: 8.0.17 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Default schema `world_x` accessible through db.
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS >
或者：
[root@master ~]# mysqlsh --mysqlx -u root -pkavl7kAkkle!
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl JS > use world_x
Default schema `world_x` accessible through db.
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS >
获取所有的表
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.getCollections()
[
<Collection:countryinfo>
]
查看所有的数据：
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.countryinfo.find().limit(1)
{
"GNP": 828,
"_id": "ABW",
"Name": "Aruba",
"IndepYear": null,
"geography": {
"Region": "Caribbean",
"Continent": "North America",
"SurfaceArea": 193
},
"government": {
"HeadOfState": "Beatrix",
"GovernmentForm": "Nonmetropolitan Territory of The Netherlands"
},
"demographics": {
"Population": 103000,
"LifeExpectancy": 78.4000015258789
}
}
1 document in set (0.0005 sec)
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS >
统计有多少条数据：
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.countryinfo.count()
239
创建一个表：
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.createCollection("student_info");
<Collection:student_info>
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.getCollections()
[
<Collection:countryinfo>,
<Collection:student_info>
]
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.student_info.add({name:'thunder',age:27,gender:"man"})
Query OK, 1 item affected (0.0066 sec)
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.student_info.add({aihao:"pingpang",yuyan:"shell"})
Query OK, 1 item affected (0.0076 sec)
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.student_info.add({name:'ss',age:25,gender:"girl"})
Query OK, 1 item affected (0.0072 sec)
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.student_info.add({name:'aa',age:24,gender:"girl"})
Query OK, 1 item affected (0.0039 sec)
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.student_info.add({name:'jj',age:27,gender:"boy"})
Query OK, 1 item affected (0.0118 sec)
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.student_info.find()
{
"_id": "00005da579b70000000000000001",
"age": 27,
"name": "thunder",
"gender": "man"
}
{
"_id": "00005da579b70000000000000002",
"aihao": "pingpang",
"yuyan": "shell"
}
2 documents in set (0.0005 sec)
按照条件查询
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.student_info.find("age=27")
{
"_id": "00005da579b70000000000000001",
"age": 27,
"name": "thunder",
"gender": "man"
}
1 document in set (0.0008 sec)
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.student_info.find("age>27")
Empty set (0.0007 sec)
删除文档的语法结构：
db.集合名称.remove(条件)
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.student_info.find("age=24")
{
"_id": "00005da579b70000000000000004",
"age": 24,
"name": "qian",
"gender": "girl"
}
{
"_id": "00005da579b70000000000000008",
"age": 24,
"name": "aa",
"gender": "girl"
}
2 documents in set (0.0006 sec)
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.student_info.remove("age=24")
Query OK, 2 items affected (0.0044 sec)
MySQL localhost:33060+ ssl world_x JS > db.student_info.find("age=24")
Empty set (0.0004 sec)