Spring+Spring MVC+Hibernate增查（使用注解）

使用Spring+Spring MVC+Hibernate做增删改查开发效率真的很高。使用Hibernate简化了JDBC连接数据库的的重复性代码。下面根据自己做的一个简单的增加和查询，把一些难点分析出来：

首先项目目录结构：（Hibernate持久化数据连接信息交给Spring进行管理；别忘了加入Hibernate和Spring相关的架包.jar）

第一步：弄个用户实体类（配置Users.hbm.xml映射文件）：

package com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity;



public class Users {
    
    private int id;//id
    private String username;//用户名
    private String password;//密码
    private String sex;//性别
    /**
     * @return the id
     */
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    /**
     * @param id the id to set
     */
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    /**
     * @return the username
     */
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    /**
     * @param username the username to set
     */
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    /**
     * @return the password
     */
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    /**
     * @param password the password to set
     */
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    /**
     * @return the sex
     */
    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }
    /**
     * @param sex the sex to set
     */
    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
    
}

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">


<hibernate-mapping
    package="com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity">

    <class name="Users" table="t_users">
        <id name="id">
            <generator class="increment"/>
        </id>
        <property name="username" />
        <property name="password"/>
        <property name="sex"/>
    </class>
    
    
</hibernate-mapping>

第二步：建个Dao层（公共类）

package com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao;

import java.util.List;

/*
 * 公共类
 */
public interface IBaseDao<T> {
    //保存对象
    public void save(T t);
    //删除对象
    public void delete(int id);
    //更新对象
    public void update(T t);
    //根据id查询对象
    public T getObjectByid(int id);
    //查询所有对象
    public List<T> getObjectALL();
    //根据一组id查询一组对象
    public List<T> getObjectByids(int ids);

}

package com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.Impl;

import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao;

/*
 * 公共方法实现类
 */
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Transactional
public class IBaseDaoImpl<T> implements IBaseDao<T>{
   
    //注入sessionfactory
    @Resource
    SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    Class clazz;
    

    //构造方法：获取T的真实类型
    public IBaseDaoImpl(){
        ParameterizedType pType=(ParameterizedType) this.getClass().getGenericSuperclass();
        clazz=(Class) pType.getActualTypeArguments()[0];
    System.out.print(clazz.getSimpleName());
    
    }
    /*
     * 删除对象
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#delete(int)
     */
    public void delete(int id) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().delete(
                sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().get(clazz, id));    
    }

    /*
     * 查询所有对象
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#getObjectALL()
     */
    
    public List<T> getObjectALL() {
//        System.out.println("=====："+"from"+clazz.getSimpleName());
//        System.out.println("=====："+"from    "+clazz.getSimpleName());
//        System.out.println("--------------"+clazz.getSimpleName());
        return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery("from "+clazz.getSimpleName()).list();
    }
      /*
       * 根据id获取对象
       * (non-Javadoc)
       * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#getObjectByid(int)
       */
    public T getObjectByid(int id) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return (T) sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().get(clazz, id);
    }


    /*
     * 根据一组id获取一组对象
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#getObjectByids(int)
     */
    public List<T> getObjectByids(int ids) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(
        "from"+clazz.getSimpleName()+"where id in(:ids)").setParameter("ids", ids).list();
    }
    /*
     * 保存对象
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * @see com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao#save(java.lang.Object)
     */
    public void save(T t) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(t);    
    }

    public void update(T t) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().update(t);
    }

}

第三步：Servse用户逻辑层

package com.ssh.SpringMVC.Servse;

import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.IBaseDao;
import com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity.Users;

/*
 * 用户逻辑层
 */

public interface IUserService extends IBaseDao<Users>{
   //定义特有方法。。。
}

package com.ssh.SpringMVC.Servse.Impl;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Dao.Impl.IBaseDaoImpl;
import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Servse.IUserService;
import com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity.Users;
/*
 * 用户实现类
 * 
 */
@Service("userService")
public class IUserServiceImpl extends  IBaseDaoImpl<Users> implements IUserService{

}

第四步：配置applicationContext.xml和springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

         
   
    <!-- 引入外部配置文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:oracle.properties" />

    <!-- 配置数据源(将所有的配置写在Spirng中) -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">

        <!-- 数据库连接信息 -->
        <property name="url" value="${url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${password}" />
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClassName}" />

        <!-- 最大连接数 -->
        <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}" />
        <!-- 最大空闲数 -->
        <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}" />
        <!--最小空闲数-->
        <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}" />
        <!-- 初始连接数 -->
        <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}" />

    </bean>

    <!-- 创建sessionFactory -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />


        <!-- 配置Hibernate配置信息 -->
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</prop>
            </props>
        </property>

        <!-- 配置实体类映射信息 -->
        <property name="mappingResources">
            <list>
            
                <value>com/ssh/SpringMVC/enity/Users.hbm.xml</value>
                
           </list>
        </property>

    </bean>

    <!--    配置事务管理器    -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
    </bean>
    
    

</beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

    <!--    SpringMVC的配置规则和Spring是一样的：无缝集成    -->
        <!-- 配置扫描器;自动装配 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssh.SpringMVC" />
    
      <!-- 注解事务配置 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
    
    <!--    配置视图    -->
    <bean id="internalView"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--    配置视图前缀    -->
        
        <property name="prefix" value="/" />
        <!--    配置视图后缀    -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>


</beans>

web.xml配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
    
    <!-- spring监听器： -->
    <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    
    </listener>
    
    <!-- 指定spring文件路径 -->
    <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    
    <!-- =====================配置spring mvc  Start================================= -->
    <servlet>
    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    
    <!--配置springmvc路劲-->
    <init-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!--    >=0代表web容器启动的时候加载servlet(数字代表优先级)    -->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    
    <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    
    </servlet-mapping>
    
    <!--    配置编码过滤器    -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    
    
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

第五步：注册页面：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>用户注册</title>
   

  </head>
  
  <body>
    <form action="userController?add" method="post">
    <table>
    <tr>
    <td>用户名：</td>
        <td><input type="text" name="username" /></td>
    </tr>
      <tr>
      <td>密码：</td>
        <td><input type="text" name="password" /></td>
      </tr>
        <tr>
        <td>性别：</td>
        <td><input type="radio" name="sex" value="男" />男 &nbsp;<input type="radio" name="sex" value="女" />女</td>
        </tr>
          <tr>
          <td></td>
        <td><input type="submit" /></td>
          </tr>
    
    
    </table>
   
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

注册跳转至处理页：

package com.ssh.SpringMVC.controller;


import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;


import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;


import com.ssh.SpringMVC.Servse.IUserService;
import com.ssh.SpringMVC.enity.Users;

/**
 * 控制层
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
@org.springframework.stereotype.Controller
@RequestMapping("/userController")
public class UserController {
    
    //注入业务层
    @Resource
    IUserService userService;
    /*
     * 添加用户
     */
    @RequestMapping(params="add")
    public String add(Users user){
        userService.save(user);
        
        return "redirect:userController?all";
            
    }
    /*
     * 查询所有对象
     */
    @RequestMapping(params="all")
    public ModelAndView all(){
        
        //list集合
        List<Users> li=userService.getObjectALL();

        return new ModelAndView("index","userLi",li);
    }
}

然后跳转至index.jsp查询所有用户信息：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"  prefix="c"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>
  
 <body>
    <table border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0">
        <tr>
            <th>id</th>
            <th>姓名</th>
            <th>密码</th>
            <th>性别</th>
        </tr>
        <c:forEach items="${userLi}" var="li">
            <tr>
                <td>${li.id}</td>
                <td>${li.username}</td>
                <td>${li.password}</td>
                <td>${li.sex}</td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
    </table>
   
</body>
</html>

陷阱先知：

本人在做查询的时候犯了个严重的不细心的问题：错误如下：

因为这个错纠结了一个多小时。原因是什么，看下图就明白了：

查询语句忘记了打空格，本来查询from Users，结果from Users合成一个fromUsers,才出现上面的错，都是不细心造成的，谨记，下次务犯。

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