MySQL Group Replication-MGR集群简介

简介

MySQL Group Replication（简称MGR）字面意思是mysql组复制的意思,但其实他是一个高可用的集群架构,暂时只支持mysql5.7和mysql8.0版本.

是MySQL官方于2016年12月推出的一个全新的高可用与高扩展的解决方案,提供了高可用、高扩展、高可靠的MySQL集群服务.

也是mysql官方基于组复制概念并充分参考MariaDB Galera Cluster和Percona XtraDB Cluster结合而来的新的高可用集群架构.

MySQL Group Replication是建立在基于Paxos的XCom之上的，正因为有了XCom基础设施，保证数据库状态机在节点间的事务一致性，才能在理论和实践中保证数据库系统在不同节点间的事务一致性。

由一般主从复制概念扩展,多个节点共同组成一个数据库集群，事务的提交必须经过半数以上节点同意方可提交,在集群中每个节点上都维护一个数据库状态机，保证节点间事务的一致性。

优点:

    高一致性，基于原生复制及paxos协议的组复制技术.

    高容错性，有自动检测机制，当出现宕机后,会自动剔除问题节点,其他节点可以正常使用(类似zk集群),当不同节点产生资源争用冲突时,会按照先到先得处理,并且内置了自动化脑裂防护机制.

    高扩展性，可随时在线新增和移除节点,会自动同步所有节点上状态，直到新节点和其他节点保持一致，自动维护新的组信息.

    高灵活性，直接插件形式安装(5.7.17后自带.so插件),有单主模式和多主模式，单主模式下，只有主库可以读写,其他从库会加上super_read_only状态,只能读取不可写入,出现故障会自动选主.

缺点:

    还是太新,不太稳定,暂时性能还略差于PXC,对网络稳定性要求很高,至少是同机房做.

安装

1.服务环境设定规划

ip地址	mysql版本	数据库端口号	Server-ID	MGR端口号	操作系统
10.0.2.5	mysql 8.0.11	3308	258011	33081	Ubuntu 17.04
10.0.2.6	mysql 8.0.11	3308	268011	33081	Ubuntu 17.04
10.0.2.7	mysql 8.0.11	3308	278011	33081	Ubuntu 17.04

多主模式下最好有三台以上的节点,单主模式则视实际情况而定,不过同个Group最多节点数为9.服务器配置尽量保持一致,因为和PXC一样,也会有"木桶短板效应".

需要特别注意,mysql数据库的服务端口号和MGR的服务端口不是一回事,需要区分开来.

而server-id要区分开来是必须的,单纯做主从复制也要满足这一点了.

2.安装部署

怎么安装mysql8.0就不多说了,本系列第一篇已经说过了,所以默认就当装好了.

直接就说怎么安装MGR了,上面也说了,MGR在mysql5.7.17版本之后就都是自带插件了,只是没有安装上而已,和半同步插件一个套路,所以默认是没有选项.

所有集群内的服务器都必须安装MGR插件才能正常使用该功能.

我们可以看到,一开始是没有装的

mysql> show plugins;
+----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+---------+
| Name                       | Status   | Type               | Library              | License |
+----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+---------+
| binlog                     | ACTIVE   | STORAGE ENGINE     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| mysql_native_password      | ACTIVE   | AUTHENTICATION     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| sha256_password            | ACTIVE   | AUTHENTICATION     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| caching_sha2_password      | ACTIVE   | AUTHENTICATION     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| sha2_cache_cleaner         | ACTIVE   | AUDIT              | NULL                 | GPL     |
| PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA         | ACTIVE   | STORAGE ENGINE     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| MRG_MYISAM                 | ACTIVE   | STORAGE ENGINE     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| MEMORY                     | ACTIVE   | STORAGE ENGINE     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| TempTable                  | ACTIVE   | STORAGE ENGINE     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| InnoDB                     | ACTIVE   | STORAGE ENGINE     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_TRX                 | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_CMP                 | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_CMP_RESET           | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_CMPMEM              | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET        | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX       | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE         | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU     | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS   | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_TEMP_TABLE_INFO     | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_METRICS             | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_FT_DELETED          | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED    | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_FT_CONFIG           | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE      | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE      | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_TABLES              | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_TABLESTATS          | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_INDEXES             | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_TABLESPACES         | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_COLUMNS             | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_VIRTUAL             | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| INNODB_CACHED_INDEXES      | ACTIVE   | INFORMATION SCHEMA | NULL                 | GPL     |
| CSV                        | ACTIVE   | STORAGE ENGINE     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| MyISAM                     | ACTIVE   | STORAGE ENGINE     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| ARCHIVE                    | ACTIVE   | STORAGE ENGINE     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| BLACKHOLE                  | ACTIVE   | STORAGE ENGINE     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| FEDERATED                  | DISABLED | STORAGE ENGINE     | NULL                 | GPL     |
| ngram                      | ACTIVE   | FTPARSER           | NULL                 | GPL     |
| mysqlx                     | ACTIVE   | DAEMON             | NULL                 | GPL     |
| mysqlx_cache_cleaner       | ACTIVE   | AUDIT              | NULL                 | GPL     |
+----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+---------+

 

MGR相关参数也是没有加载的,只有一个其他相关的参数

mysql> show variables like 'group%';
+----------------------+-------+
| Variable_name        | Value |
+----------------------+-------+
| group_concat_max_len | 1024  |
+----------------------+-------+
1 row in set

 

然后,先看看当前插件的目录

mysql> show variables like 'plugin_dir';
+---------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value                          |
+---------------+--------------------------------+
| plugin_dir    | /usr/local/mysql80/lib/plugin/ |
+---------------+--------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 

再搜索一下我们需要的MGR插件,是否存在

ll /usr/local/mysql80/lib/plugin/ |grep group_replication
-rwxr-xr-x 1 7161 31415 21947376 Apr  8 16:16 group_replication.so*

 

最后,从新进入mysql服务,进行安装

mysql>install PLUGIN group_replication SONAME 'group_replication.so';

 

这个时候,就有了

mysql> show plugins;
+----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+---------+
| Name                       | Status   | Type               | Library              | License |
+----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+---------+
    .
    .
    .
| group_replication          | ACTIVE   | GROUP REPLICATION  | group_replication.so | GPL     |
+----------------------------+----------+--------------------+----------------------+---------+

 

再去看MGR相关的参数,就有很多了

mysql> show variables like 'group%';
+-----------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name                                       | Value                                                               |
+-----------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| group_concat_max_len                                | 1024                                                                |
| group_replication_allow_local_lower_version_join    | OFF                                                                 |
| group_replication_auto_increment_increment          | 7                                                                   |
| group_replication_bootstrap_group                   | OFF                                                                 |
| group_replication_communication_debug_options       | GCS_DEBUG_NONE                                                      |
| group_replication_components_stop_timeout           | 31536000                                                            |
| group_replication_compression_threshold             | 1000000                                                             |
| group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks  | ON                                                                  |
| group_replication_flow_control_applier_threshold    | 25000                                                               |
| group_replication_flow_control_certifier_threshold  | 25000                                                               |
| group_replication_flow_control_hold_percent         | 10                                                                  |
| group_replication_flow_control_max_quota            | 0                                                                   |
| group_replication_flow_control_member_quota_percent | 0                                                                   |
| group_replication_flow_control_min_quota            | 0                                                                   |
| group_replication_flow_control_min_recovery_quota   | 0                                                                   |
| group_replication_flow_control_mode                 | QUOTA                                                               |
| group_replication_flow_control_period               | 1                                                                   |
| group_replication_flow_control_release_percent      | 50                                                                  |
| group_replication_force_members                     |                                                                     |
| group_replication_group_name                        | cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f                                |
| group_replication_group_seeds                       | 10.0.2.5:33081,10.0.2.6:33081,10.0.2.7:33081                        |
| group_replication_gtid_assignment_block_size        | 1000000                                                             |
| group_replication_ip_whitelist                      | 127.0.0.1/32,10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12,192.168.0.0/16,192.168.1.0/24 |
| group_replication_local_address                     | 10.0.2.6:33081                                                      |
| group_replication_member_weight                     | 50                                                                  |
| group_replication_poll_spin_loops                   | 0                                                                   |
| group_replication_recovery_complete_at              | TRANSACTIONS_APPLIED                                                |
| group_replication_recovery_get_public_key           | OFF                                                                 |
| group_replication_recovery_public_key_path          |                                                                     |
| group_replication_recovery_reconnect_interval       | 60                                                                  |
| group_replication_recovery_retry_count              | 10                                                                  |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_ca                   |                                                                     |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_capath               |                                                                     |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_cert                 |                                                                     |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_cipher               |                                                                     |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_crl                  |                                                                     |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_crlpath              |                                                                     |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_key                  |                                                                     |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_verify_server_cert   | OFF                                                                 |
| group_replication_recovery_use_ssl                  | OFF                                                                 |
| group_replication_single_primary_mode               | OFF                                                                 |
| group_replication_ssl_mode                          | DISABLED                                                            |
| group_replication_start_on_boot                     | OFF                                                                 |
| group_replication_transaction_size_limit            | 150000000                                                           |
| group_replication_unreachable_majority_timeout      | 0                                                                   |
+-----------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
45 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

上面有些配置是我预先配置好的,后面会详细解析.

3.配置MGR环境

熟悉mysql的人都知道,mysql支持set global的全局在线配置方式,所以并不局限于配置文件,这里直接解析参数和给出命令.

假设我们先写到配置文件my.cnf:

首先,MGR是一定要用GTID的,所以,GTID就必须要开,这个还真是要重启才能生效,各位要注意这点

#开启GTID,必须开启
gtid_mode=on
#强制GTID的一致性
enforce-gtid-consistency=on

 

然后,列举一些公共参数的修改

#binlog格式,MGR要求必须是ROW,不过就算不是MGR,也最好用row
binlog_format=row
#server-id必须是唯一的
server-id = 258011
#MGR使用乐观锁,所以官网建议隔离级别是RC,减少锁粒度
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
#因为集群会在故障恢复时互相检查binlog的数据,
#所以需要记录下集群内其他服务器发过来已经执行过的binlog,按GTID来区分是否执行过.
log-slave-updates=1
#binlog校验规则,5.6之后的高版本是CRC32,低版本都是NONE,但是MGR要求使用NONE
binlog_checksum=NONE
#基于安全的考虑,MGR集群要求复制模式要改成slave记录记录到表中,不然就报错
master_info_repository=TABLE
#同上配套
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE

 

最后就是MGR自身的独有配置参数了.

#记录事务的算法,官网建议设置该参数使用 XXHASH64 算法
transaction_write_set_extraction = XXHASH64
#相当于此GROUP的名字,是UUID值,不能和集群内其他GTID值的UUID混用,可用uuidgen来生成一个新的,
#主要是用来区分整个内网里边的各个不同的GROUP,而且也是这个group内的GTID值的UUID
loose-group_replication_group_name = 'cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f'
#IP地址白名单,默认只添加127.0.0.1,不会允许来自外部主机的连接,按需安全设置
loose-group_replication_ip_whitelist = '127.0.0.1/8,192.168.1.0/24,10.0.0.0/8,10.18.89.49/22'
#是否随服务器启动而自动启动组复制,不建议直接启动,怕故障恢复时有扰乱数据准确性的特殊情况
loose-group_replication_start_on_boot = OFF
#本地MGR的IP地址和端口，host:port,是MGR的端口,不是数据库的端口
loose-group_replication_local_address = '10.0.2.5:33081'
#需要接受本MGR实例控制的服务器IP地址和端口,是MGR的端口,不是数据库的端口
loose-group_replication_group_seeds = '10.0.2.5:33081,10.0.2.6:33081,10.0.2.7:33081'
#开启引导模式,添加组成员，用于第一次搭建MGR或重建MGR的时候使用,只需要在集群内的其中一台开启,
loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group = OFF
#是否启动单主模式，如果启动，则本实例是主库，提供读写，其他实例仅提供读,如果为off就是多主模式了
loose-group_replication_single_primary_mode = off
#多主模式下,强制检查每一个实例是否允许该操作,如果不是多主,可以关闭
loose-group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks = on

 

重点来解析几个参数:

group_replication_group_name:    这个必须是独立的UUID值,不能和集群里面其他的数据库的GTID的UUID值一样,在linux系统下可以用uuidgen来生成一个新的UUID

group_replication_ip_whitelist:    关于IP白名单来说,本来是安全设置,如果全内网涵盖是不太适合的,我这样设置只是为了方便,这个参数可以set global动态修改,还是比较方便的

group_replication_start_on_boot:    不建议随系统启动的原因有两个,第一个就是怕故障恢复时的极端情况下影响数据准确性,第二个就是怕一些添加或移除节点的操作被这个参数影响到

group_replication_local_address:    特别注意的是这个端口并不是数据库服务端口,是MGR的服务端口,而且要保证这个端口没有被使用,是MGR互相通信使用的端口.

group_replication_group_seeds:    接受本group控制的IP地址和端口号,这个端口也是MGR的服务端口,可以用set global动态修改,用以添加和移动节点.

group_replication_bootstrap_group:    需要特别注意,引导的服务器只需要一台,所以集群内其他服务器都不需要开启这个参数,默认off就好了,有需要再set global来开启就足够了.

group_replication_single_primary_mode:    取决于想用的是多主模式还是单主模式,如果是单主模式,就类似于半同步复制,但是比半同步要求更高,因为需要集群内过半数的服务器写入成功后,主库才会返回写入成功,数据一致性也更高,通常金融服务也更推荐这种使用方法.如果是多主模式,看上去性能更高,但是事务冲突的几率也更高,虽然MGR内部有先到先得原则,但是这些还是不能忽略,对于高并发环境,更加可能是致命的,所以一般多主模式也是建议分开来使用,一个地址链接一个库,从逻辑操作上区分开来,避免冲突的可能.
group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks:    如果是单主模式,因为不存在多主同时操作的可能,这个强制检查是可以关闭,因为已经不存在这样的操作,多主是必须要开的,不开的话数据就可能出现错乱了.

如果用set global方式动态开启的话就如下了:

set global transaction_write_set_extraction='XXHASH64';
set global group_replication_start_on_boot=OFF;
set global group_replication_bootstrap_group = OFF ;
set global group_replication_group_name= 'cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f';
set global group_replication_local_address='10.0.2.5:33081';
set global group_replication_group_seeds='10.0.2.5:33081,10.0.2.6:33081,10.0.2.7:33081';
set global group_replication_ip_whitelist = '127.0.0.1/8,192.168.1.0/24,10.0.0.1/8,10.18.89.49/22';
set global group_replication_single_primary_mode=off;
set global group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks=on;

 

需要特别注意的是,同一集群group内的数据库服务器的配置,都必须保持一致,不然是会报错的,或者是造成一些奇葩事情.当然了,server-id和本机的IP地址端口要注意区分.

配置好了,就可以准备启动了,但是启动有顺序要求,需要特别注意.

4.启动MGR集群

就如上面说的,启动MGR是要注意顺序的,因为需要有其中一台数据库做引导,其他数据库才可以顺利加入进来.

如果是单主模式,那么主库就一定要先启动并做引导,不然就不是主了.

当出现异常时,应该要去查看mysql报错文件mysql.err,一般都有相应的error日志提示.

好了,转回正题,现在假设用10.0.2.6这台服务器做引导,先登进本地mysql服务端:

#启动引导,注意,只有这套开启引导,其他两台都请忽略这一步
mysql> SET GLOBAL group_replication_bootstrap_group=ON;
#创建一个用户来做同步的用户,并授权,所有集群内的服务器都需要做
mysql> create user 'sroot'@'%' identified by '123123';
mysql> grant REPLICATION SLAVE on *.* to 'sroot'@'%' with grant option;
#清空所有旧的GTID信息,避免冲突
mysql> reset master;
#创建同步规则认证信息,就是刚才授权的那个用户,和一般的主从规则写法不太一样
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_USER='sroot', MASTER_PASSWORD='123123' FOR CHANNEL 'group_replication_recovery';
#启动MGR
mysql> start group_replication;
#查看是否启动成功,看到online就是成功了
mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members;
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
| CHANNEL_NAME              | MEMBER_ID                            | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
| group_replication_applier | a29a1b91-4908-11e8-848b-08002778eea7 | ubuntu      |        3308 | ONLINE       | PRIMARY     | 8.0.11         |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
#这个时候,就可以先关闭引导了
mysql> SET GLOBAL group_replication_bootstrap_group=OFF;

 

然后,就到另外两台服务器10.0.2.5和10.0.2.7了,也是要登进本地mysql服务端:

#不需要启动引导了,下面大致是类似的
#用户授权还是要做的
mysql> create user 'sroot'@'%' identified by '123123';
mysql> grant REPLICATION SLAVE on *.* to 'sroot'@'%' with grant option;
#清空所有旧的GTID信息,避免冲突
mysql> reset master;
#创建同步规则认证信息,就是刚才授权的那个用户,和一般的主从规则写法不太一样
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_USER='sroot', MASTER_PASSWORD='123123' FOR CHANNEL 'group_replication_recovery';
#启动MGR
mysql> start group_replication;
#查看是否启动成功,看到online就是成功了
mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members;
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
| CHANNEL_NAME              | MEMBER_ID                            | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
| group_replication_applier | a29a1b91-4908-11e8-848b-08002778eea7 | ubuntu      |        3308 | ONLINE       | PRIMARY     | 8.0.11         |
| group_replication_applier | d058176a-51cf-11e8-8c95-080027e7b723 | ubuntu      |        3308 | ONLINE       | PRIMARY     | 8.0.11         |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

如此类推,在10.0.2.7上就应该是下面这样了

mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members;
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
| CHANNEL_NAME              | MEMBER_ID                            | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
| group_replication_applier | a29a1b91-4908-11e8-848b-08002778eea7 | ubuntu      |        3308 | ONLINE       | PRIMARY     | 8.0.11         |
| group_replication_applier | af892b6e-49ca-11e8-9c9e-080027b04376 | ubuntu      |        3308 | ONLINE       | PRIMARY     | 8.0.11         |
| group_replication_applier | d058176a-51cf-11e8-8c95-080027e7b723 | ubuntu      |        3308 | ONLINE       | PRIMARY     | 8.0.11         |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

看到MEMBER_STATE全部都是online就是成功连接上了,不过如果出现故障,是会被剔除出集群的并且在本机上会显示error,这个时候就需要去看本机的mysql报错文件mysql.err了.

需要注意的是,现在是多主模式,MEMBER_ROLE里显示的都是PRIMARY,如果是单主模式,就会只显示一个PRIMARY,其他是SECONDARY了.

使用

在多主模式下,下面这些连接方式都是能直接读写的

mysql -usroot -p123123 -h10.0.2.5 -P3308
mysql -usroot -p123123 -h10.0.2.6 -P3308
mysql -usroot -p123123 -h10.0.2.7 -P3308

 

怎么操作我就不说了,和以前的mysql一样create,insert,delete一样,你就看到其他服务器也会有数据了.

如果是单主的话,那么就只有PRIMARY状态的主库可以写数据,SECONDARY状态的只能读不能写,例如下面这样

mysql> select * from ttt;
+----+--------+
| id | name   |
+----+--------+
|  1 | ggg    |
|  2 | ffff   |
|  3 | hhhhh  |
|  4 | tyyyyy |
|  5 | aaaaaa |
+----+--------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> delete from ttt where id = 5;
ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --super-read-only option so it cannot execute this statement

 

这些操作相关就不详细展开了,搭好了就可以慢慢试.

管理维护

为了验证我上面说过的东西,先看看当前的GTID和从库状态

#查一下GTID,就是之前设的那个group的uuid
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set                                 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |     4801 |              |                  | cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f:1-23:1000003 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+---------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#再看从库状态,没有数据,因为根本不是主从结构
mysql> show slave status;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

 

上面看到了一条命令,是查当前节点信息的,下面慢慢列举一些常用的命令

#查看group内所有成员的节点信息
mysql> SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members;
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
| CHANNEL_NAME              | MEMBER_ID                            | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE | MEMBER_ROLE | MEMBER_VERSION |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
| group_replication_applier | a29a1b91-4908-11e8-848b-08002778eea7 | ubuntu      |        3308 | ONLINE       | PRIMARY     | 8.0.11         |
| group_replication_applier | af892b6e-49ca-11e8-9c9e-080027b04376 | ubuntu      |        3308 | ONLINE       | SECONDARY   | 8.0.11         |
| group_replication_applier | d058176a-51cf-11e8-8c95-080027e7b723 | ubuntu      |        3308 | ONLINE       | SECONDARY   | 8.0.11         |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+-------------+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

#查看GROUP中的同步情况,当前复制状态
mysql> select * from performance_schema.replication_group_member_statsG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
                              CHANNEL_NAME: group_replication_applier
                                   VIEW_ID: 15258529121778212:5
                                 MEMBER_ID: a29a1b91-4908-11e8-848b-08002778eea7
               COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_IN_QUEUE: 0
                COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_CHECKED: 9
                  COUNT_CONFLICTS_DETECTED: 0
        COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_ROWS_VALIDATING: 0
        TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED_ALL_MEMBERS: cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f:1-23:1000003
            LAST_CONFLICT_FREE_TRANSACTION: cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f:23
COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_REMOTE_IN_APPLIER_QUEUE: 0
         COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_REMOTE_APPLIED: 3
         COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_LOCAL_PROPOSED: 9
         COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_LOCAL_ROLLBACK: 0
*************************** 2. row ***************************
                              CHANNEL_NAME: group_replication_applier
                                   VIEW_ID: 15258529121778212:5
                                 MEMBER_ID: af892b6e-49ca-11e8-9c9e-080027b04376
               COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_IN_QUEUE: 0
                COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_CHECKED: 9
                  COUNT_CONFLICTS_DETECTED: 0
        COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_ROWS_VALIDATING: 0
        TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED_ALL_MEMBERS: cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f:1-23:1000003
            LAST_CONFLICT_FREE_TRANSACTION: cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f:23
COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_REMOTE_IN_APPLIER_QUEUE: 0
         COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_REMOTE_APPLIED: 10
         COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_LOCAL_PROPOSED: 0
         COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_LOCAL_ROLLBACK: 0
*************************** 3. row ***************************
                              CHANNEL_NAME: group_replication_applier
                                   VIEW_ID: 15258529121778212:5
                                 MEMBER_ID: d058176a-51cf-11e8-8c95-080027e7b723
               COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_IN_QUEUE: 0
                COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_CHECKED: 9
                  COUNT_CONFLICTS_DETECTED: 0
        COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_ROWS_VALIDATING: 0
        TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED_ALL_MEMBERS: cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f:1-23:1000003
            LAST_CONFLICT_FREE_TRANSACTION: cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f:23
COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_REMOTE_IN_APPLIER_QUEUE: 0
         COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_REMOTE_APPLIED: 9
         COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_LOCAL_PROPOSED: 0
         COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_LOCAL_ROLLBACK: 0
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

#当前server中各个通道的使用情况，
mysql> select * from performance_schema.replication_connection_statusG
*************************** 1. row ***************************
                                      CHANNEL_NAME: group_replication_applier
                                        GROUP_NAME: cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f
                                       SOURCE_UUID: cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f
                                         THREAD_ID: NULL
                                     SERVICE_STATE: ON
                         COUNT_RECEIVED_HEARTBEATS: 0
                          LAST_HEARTBEAT_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
                          RECEIVED_TRANSACTION_SET: cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f:1-23:1000003
                                 LAST_ERROR_NUMBER: 0
                                LAST_ERROR_MESSAGE: 
                              LAST_ERROR_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
                           LAST_QUEUED_TRANSACTION: cc5e2627-2285-451f-86e6-0be21581539f:23
 LAST_QUEUED_TRANSACTION_ORIGINAL_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP: 2018-05-09 16:38:08.035692
LAST_QUEUED_TRANSACTION_IMMEDIATE_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
     LAST_QUEUED_TRANSACTION_START_QUEUE_TIMESTAMP: 2018-05-09 16:38:08.031639
       LAST_QUEUED_TRANSACTION_END_QUEUE_TIMESTAMP: 2018-05-09 16:38:08.031753
                              QUEUEING_TRANSACTION: 
    QUEUEING_TRANSACTION_ORIGINAL_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
   QUEUEING_TRANSACTION_IMMEDIATE_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
        QUEUEING_TRANSACTION_START_QUEUE_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
*************************** 2. row ***************************
                                      CHANNEL_NAME: group_replication_recovery
                                        GROUP_NAME: 
                                       SOURCE_UUID: 
                                         THREAD_ID: NULL
                                     SERVICE_STATE: OFF
                         COUNT_RECEIVED_HEARTBEATS: 0
                          LAST_HEARTBEAT_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
                          RECEIVED_TRANSACTION_SET: 
                                 LAST_ERROR_NUMBER: 0
                                LAST_ERROR_MESSAGE: 
                              LAST_ERROR_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
                           LAST_QUEUED_TRANSACTION: 
 LAST_QUEUED_TRANSACTION_ORIGINAL_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
LAST_QUEUED_TRANSACTION_IMMEDIATE_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
     LAST_QUEUED_TRANSACTION_START_QUEUE_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
       LAST_QUEUED_TRANSACTION_END_QUEUE_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
                              QUEUEING_TRANSACTION: 
    QUEUEING_TRANSACTION_ORIGINAL_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
   QUEUEING_TRANSACTION_IMMEDIATE_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
        QUEUEING_TRANSACTION_START_QUEUE_TIMESTAMP: 0000-00-00 00:00:00.000000
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

#当前server中各个通道是否启用,on是启用
mysql> select * from performance_schema.replication_applier_status;
+----------------------------+---------------+-----------------+----------------------------+
| CHANNEL_NAME               | SERVICE_STATE | REMAINING_DELAY | COUNT_TRANSACTIONS_RETRIES |
+----------------------------+---------------+-----------------+----------------------------+
| group_replication_applier  | ON            |            NULL |                          0 |
| group_replication_recovery | OFF           |            NULL |                          0 |
+----------------------------+---------------+-----------------+----------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

#单主模式下，查看那个是主库,只显示uuid值
mysql> select * from performance_schema.global_status where VARIABLE_NAME='group_replication_primary_member';
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| VARIABLE_NAME                    | VARIABLE_VALUE                       |
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| group_replication_primary_member | a29a1b91-4908-11e8-848b-08002778eea7 |
+----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 

例如下面这个例子

mysql> show global variables like 'server_uuid';
+---------------+--------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value                                |
+---------------+--------------------------------------+
| server_uuid   | af892b6e-49ca-11e8-9c9e-080027b04376 |
+---------------+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show global variables like 'super%';
+-----------------+-------+
| Variable_name   | Value |
+-----------------+-------+
| super_read_only | ON    |
+-----------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 

好明显,这台不是主库,super_read_only都开启了.