Maven搭建struts2+spring+hibernate环境（一）
本文简单的使用STS的自带的maven插件工具搭建ssh（struts2+spring+hibernate）开发环境，图文并茂，简单上手，适合新手。
关于STS的介绍，请参考另一篇文章《Java IDE介绍：Spring开发利器-spring-tool-suite》地址：http://blog.csdn.net/sgl731524380/article/details/8831540
首先，STS自带的maven的插件已经默认有了maven，但是不建议使用默认的 maven。更改STS默认的maven可在windows-preferences-Maven 选项下，同时我将在另一篇文章里也有介绍，《STS，MyEclipse中Maven配置》 地址：http://blog.csdn.net/sgl731524380/article/details/8871470
一、新建Maven项目。
New--Project--Maven Project，
next.
next,输入webapp,检索，选中maven-aechetype-webapp
next，
Finish即可。
项目结构如图（修改了pom.xml文件，使用JUnit4）：
二、搭建struts2+spring+hibernate
双击打开pom.xml，配置pom.xml文件。配置如下，
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.sgl</groupId> <artifactId>MSSH</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>MSSH Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- log4j 日志--> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet API --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1-b09</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- MySQL驱动 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.24</version> </dependency> <!-- mchange C3P0 数据源--> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5-pre2</version> </dependency> <!-- junit --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- fastjson --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.1.29</version> </dependency> <!-- struts2 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId> <version>2.3.14</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>javassist</groupId> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.14</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId> struts2-convention-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.14</version> </dependency> <!-- spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- aspectjweaver --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.7.2</version> </dependency> <!-- hibernate --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>4.2.0.Final</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <!-- Maven插件 --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <source>1.6</source> <target>1.6</target> <encoding>utf-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <encoding>utf-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <encoding>utf-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.7.2</version> <configuration> <forkMode>once</forkMode> <argLine>-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8</argLine> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
保存，Maven会自动联网去下载所有需要的jar包，至于只写jar的名字，不用记住，只要去Maven中央仓库去搜索，Maven中央仓库地址：http://search.maven.org/
完成之后，多了很多jar，并且都放到了配置的本地仓库中，以后要再使用相同版本的jar时候，就不需要联网下载了。
这时候，所有需要的jar都到齐了。
后面一篇我将演示如何写一个小小的程序来验证ssh框架搭建是否成功。
Maven搭建struts2+spring+hibernate环境（二）
一、修改项目结构
上一篇中我们已经完成了jar的引入，现在开始构建测试程序。刚刚完成的 project图标上可能有一个红色的叉，只需要把项目复制--粘贴--重命名。即可解决，并不是项目搭建错误所致，这可能是IDE的一个bug吧，在 MyEclipse中搭建也出现这种情况，解决方法一样。
但是，构建的MSSH项目的结构并不是一个标准的Maven结构，我们需要手动新建几个Source Folder（注意：是source folder，不是package！！）。
完成后的结构如下：
src/main.java:存放java源文件
src/main/resources:存放项目配置文件，如spring.xml,hibernate.cfg.xml。。。
src/test/java:存放test的java文件
src/test/resources:存放test时候所需的配置文件
二、编写程序
建立如下的结构
编写配置文件，各种配置的含义我在此就不累赘了，有ssh使用基础的同学都能看懂的。
struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<!-- 将Action交给spring容器管理 -->
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
<!-- 模式为开发模式，修改xml配置文件会自动加载，项目交付的时候设置为false,以免影响性能 -->
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />
<!-- 字符集编码 -->
<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="utf-8" />
<package name="defaultPackage" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="userAction" class="userAction" method="reg">
<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd "> <!-- 引入属性文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties" /> <!-- 自动扫描dao和service包(自动注入) --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.sgl.action,com.sgl.dao.impl,com.sgl.service" /> </beans>
spring-hibernate.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd "> <!-- 使用C3P0数据源，MySQL数据库 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <!-- MySQL5 --> <property name="driverClass" value="${driverClassName}"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"></property> <property name="user" value="${username}"></property> <property name="password" value="${password}"></property> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="40"></property> <property name="minPoolSize" value="1"></property> <property name="initialPoolSize" value="1"></property> <property name="maxIdleTime" value="20"></property> </bean> <!-- session工厂 --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop> </props> </property> <!-- 注解方式配置 --> <property name="packagesToScan"> <list> <value>com.sgl.model</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置事务 --> <bean name="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" /> </beans>
database.properties
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver validationQuery=SELECT 1 url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mssh?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8 username=root password=sgl hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update hibernate.show_sql=true hibernate.format_sql=true
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <display-name></display-name> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring.xml,classpath:spring-hibernate.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!--Hibernate的session丢失解决方法 --> <filter> <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- struts2配置 --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
编写java文件，采用MVC架构,使用hibernate，spring注解
User.java
package com.sgl.model; import java.util.Date; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; import javax.persistence.Temporal; import javax.persistence.TemporalType; import javax.persistence.Transient; @SuppressWarnings("serial") @Entity @Table(name = "tuser") public class User implements java.io.Serializable { private String id; private Date regtime; private String username; private String password; @Column(name="password",nullable=false,length=20) public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } private String code; @Transient public String getCode() { return code; } public void setCode(String code) { this.code = code; } public User() { } public User(String id, Date regtime, String username,String password) { super(); this.id = id; this.regtime = regtime; this.username = username; this.password = password; } @Id @Column(name = "id", nullable = false, length = 36) public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP) @Column(name = "regtime", length = 7) public Date getRegtime() { return regtime; } public void setRegtime(Date regtime) { this.regtime = regtime; } @Column(name = "username", unique = false, nullable = false, length = 100) public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } }
UserDaoI.java
package com.sgl.dao; import java.io.Serializable; public interface UserDaoI<T> { public Serializable save(T o); }
UserDaoImpl.java
package com.sgl.dao.impl; import java.io.Serializable; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import com.sgl.dao.UserDaoI; @Repository("userDao") public class UserDaoImpl<T> implements UserDaoI<T> { //注入sessionfactory @Autowired private SessionFactory sessionFactory; public Serializable save(T o) { return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(o); } }
UserService.java
package com.sgl.service; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; import com.sgl.dao.UserDaoI; import com.sgl.model.User; @Service("userService") @Transactional public class UserService //之前这里写错成了UserServiceImpl，谢谢wangdianyong的提醒，此处已做修改 { //自动注入dao @Autowired private UserDaoI<User> userDao; public void addUser(User user) { userDao.save(user); } }
UserAction.java
package com.sgl.action; import java.util.Date; import java.util.UUID; import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext; import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Action; import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Namespace; import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.ParentPackage; import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Result; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import com.sgl.model.User; import com.sgl.service.UserService; //修改为UserService @controller("userAction") public class UserAction { @Autowired private UserService userService; private User user; public User getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(User user) { this.user = user; } public String reg() { user.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); user.setRegtime(new Date()); try { userService.addUser(user); ServletActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("user", user); ServletActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("msg", "注册成功了，可以去登陆了"); return "success"; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); ServletActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("msg", "注册失败了"); return "error"; } } }
Maven搭建struts2+spring+hibernate环境（三）
后台功能都已完成，现在是前台的页面编写
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>注册</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="userAction" method="post">
<table width="207" border="0" align="center">
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center" nowrap="nowrap">用户注册</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="68" nowrap="nowrap">用户名</td>
<td width="127" nowrap="nowrap"><label>
<input name="user.username" type="text" id="username" size="20" />
</label></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td nowrap="nowrap">密 码</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap"><input name="user.password" type="password" id="password" size="20" maxlength="10" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center" nowrap="nowrap"><label>
<input type="submit" value="注册" />
<input type="reset" value="重填" />
</label></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
success.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> ${user.username } <br> ${msg } </body> </html>
error.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> 出错了。。。。。。。。。。 </body> </html>
至此，项目编写基本完成。
右键项目---run as---maven install
编译成功，没有错误
现在可以部署到服务器上运行了，部署，启动，浏览器输入http://localhost:8080/MSSH/或者http://localhost:8080/MSSH/index.jsp回车
注册，查看数据库，成功！
至此，Maven搭建struts2+spring+hibernate开发环境就完成了，其中还有很多不足之处，希望大家指出。