【转】zigbee终端无法重连的问题解决

zigbee终端无法重连的问题解决

1.zigbee重连的原因

（1）zigbee由于各种原因的干扰导致信号太差而掉线。 
（2）协调器重启。

2.zigbee终端重连的处理

（1）zigbee掉线后会进入回调函数：void ZDO_SyncIndicationCB( uint8 type, uint16 shortAddr )；

产生ZDO_NWK_JOIN_REQ，之后会重新初始化网络：

case ZDO_NWK_JOIN_REQ:      //重连事件
  if ( ZG_BUILD_JOINING_TYPE && ZG_DEVICE_JOINING_TYPE )
  {
    retryCnt = 0;
    devStartMode = MODE_RESUME;                                     //让设备处于网络恢复模式（个人认为也是重连的模式）
    _tmpRejoinState = true;                                         //初始化临时状态为重连
    osal_cpyExtAddr( ZDO_UseExtendedPANID, _NIB.extendedPANID );    //初始化ZDO为之前的PANID
    zgDefaultStartingScanDuration = BEACON_ORDER_60_MSEC;           //每60毫秒发送一个信标
    ZDApp_NetworkInit( 0 );                                         //重新初始化网络产生ZDO_NETWORK_INIT事件
  }

（2）接着会重新启动设备，按重连的方式初始化网络。

  if ( events & ZDO_NETWORK_INIT )
  {
    // Initialize apps and start the network
    devState = DEV_INIT;
    osal_set_event( ZDAppTaskID, ZDO_STATE_CHANGE_EVT );

    ZDO_StartDevice( (uint8)ZDO_Config_Node_Descriptor.LogicalType, devStartMode,DEFAULT_BEACON_ORDER, DEFAULT_SUPERFRAME_ORDER );

    // Return unprocessed events
    return (events ^ ZDO_NETWORK_INIT);
  }      

（3）启动设备的时候,终端节点是已孤儿节点（Orphan）来入网的。

void ZDO_StartDevice( byte logicalType, devStartModes_t startMode, byte beaconOrder, byte superframeOrder )
{
 ...........
    else if ( startMode == MODE_RESUME )
    {
      if ( logicalType == NODETYPE_ROUTER )
      {
        ZMacScanCnf_t scanCnf;
        devState = DEV_NWK_ORPHAN;

        /* if router and nvram is available, fake successful orphan scan */
        scanCnf.hdr.Status = ZSUCCESS;
        scanCnf.ScanType = ZMAC_ORPHAN_SCAN;
        scanCnf.UnscannedChannels = 0;
        scanCnf.ResultListSize = 0;
        nwk_ScanJoiningOrphan(&scanCnf);

        ret = ZSuccess;
      }
      else
      {
        devState = DEV_NWK_ORPHAN;
        ret = NLME_OrphanJoinRequest( zgDefaultChannelList,
                                      zgDefaultStartingScanDuration );
      }
    }
    else
    {
    }
  }
.....
}

（4）加入以孤儿节点的方式还是入网失败，则协议栈会让zigbee的入网模式改为MODE_JOIN或者MODE_REJOIN。

void ZDApp_ProcessNetworkJoin( void )
{
........
  else if ( devState == DEV_NWK_ORPHAN || devState == DEV_NWK_REJOIN )
  {
    // results of an orphaning attempt by this device
    if (nwkStatus == ZSuccess)
    {
      // Verify NWK key is available before sending Device_annce
      if ( ZG_SECURE_ENABLED && ( ZDApp_RestoreNwkKey() == false ) )
      {
        osal_set_event( ZDAppTaskID, ZDO_STATE_CHANGE_EVT );

    // wait for auth from trust center
    devState = DEV_END_DEVICE_UNAUTH;

    // Start the reset timer for MAX UNAUTH time
    ZDApp_ResetTimerStart( MAX_DEVICE_UNAUTH_TIMEOUT );
  }
  else
  {

    devState = DEV_END_DEVICE;
    osal_set_event( ZDAppTaskID, ZDO_STATE_CHANGE_EVT );
    // setup Power Manager Device
    // The receiver is on, turn network layer polling off.
    if ( ZDO_Config_Node_Descriptor.CapabilityFlags & CAPINFO_RCVR_ON_IDLE )
    {
      {
        NLME_SetPollRate( 0 );
        NLME_SetQueuedPollRate( 0 );
        NLME_SetResponseRate( 0 );
      }
    }

    if ( ZSTACK_ROUTER_BUILD )
    {
      // NOTE: first two parameters are not used, see NLMEDE.h for details
      if ( ZDO_Config_Node_Descriptor.LogicalType != NODETYPE_DEVICE )
      {
        NLME_StartRouterRequest( 0, 0, false );
      }
    }

    ZDApp_AnnounceNewAddress();
  }
}
else
{
  if ( devStartMode == MODE_RESUME )
  {
    if ( ++retryCnt <= MAX_RESUME_RETRY )
    {
      //如果nwkPanId没有设置，则让设备入网模式设为第一次入网；如果nwkPanId有设置过则入网模式设为重新入网
      if ( _NIB.nwkPanId == 0xFFFF || _NIB.nwkPanId == INVALID_PAN_ID )
        devStartMode = MODE_JOIN;//第一次入网
      else
      {
        devStartMode = MODE_REJOIN;//重新入网
        _tmpRejoinState = true;
      }
    }
    // Do a normal join to the network after certain times of rejoin retries
    else if( AIB_apsUseInsecureJoin == true )
    {
      devStartMode = MODE_JOIN;
    }
  }
  // Clear the neighbor Table and network discovery tables.
  nwkNeighborInitTable();
  NLME_NwkDiscTerm();

  // setup a retry for later...
  ZDApp_NetworkInit( (uint16)(NWK_START_DELAY
       + (osal_rand()& EXTENDED_JOINING_RANDOM_MASK)) );
    }
  }
.......
  }
}

（4）接着重新再次初始化设备，这次是以rejoin的方式来初始化设备的。其实在这里只是启动一个网络扫描而已： NLME_NetworkDiscoveryRequest( zgDefaultChannelList, zgDefaultStartingScanDuration );

void ZDO_StartDevice( byte logicalType, devStartModes_t startMode, byte beaconOrder, byte superframeOrder )
{
 ..........
  if ( ZG_BUILD_JOINING_TYPE && (logicalType == NODETYPE_ROUTER || logicalType == NODETYPE_DEVICE) )
  {
    if ( (startMode == MODE_JOIN) || (startMode == MODE_REJOIN) )       //根据当前启动模式是连接或者重连模式则启动一个网络扫描
    {
      devState = DEV_NWK_DISC;

  #if defined( MANAGED_SCAN )
      ZDOManagedScan_Next();
      ret = NLME_NetworkDiscoveryRequest( managedScanChannelMask, BEACON_ORDER_15_MSEC );
  #else
      ret = NLME_NetworkDiscoveryRequest( zgDefaultChannelList, zgDefaultStartingScanDuration );//启动网络扫描请求
    #if defined ( ZIGBEE_FREQ_AGILITY )
      if ( !( ZDO_Config_Node_Descriptor.CapabilityFlags & CAPINFO_RCVR_ON_IDLE ) &&
            ( ret == ZSuccess ) && ( ++discRetries == 4 ) )
      {
        // For devices with RxOnWhenIdle equals to FALSE, any network channel
        // change will not be recieved. On these devices or routers that have
        // lost the network, an active scan shall be conducted on the Default
        // Channel list using the extended PANID to find the network. If the
        // extended PANID isn't found using the Default Channel list, an scan
        // should be completed using all channels.
        zgDefaultChannelList = MAX_CHANNELS_24GHZ;
      }
    #endif // ZIGBEE_FREQ_AGILITY
    #if defined ( ZIGBEE_COMMISSIONING )
      if (startMode == MODE_REJOIN && scanCnt++ >= 5 )
      {
        // When ApsUseExtendedPanID is commissioned to a non zero value via
        // application specific means, the device shall conduct an active scan
        // on the Default Channel list and join the PAN with the same
        // ExtendedPanID. If the PAN is not found, an scan should be completed
        // on all channels.
        // When devices rejoin the network and the PAN is not found from
        zgDefaultChannelList = MAX_CHANNELS_24GHZ;
      }
    #endif // ZIGBEE_COMMISSIONING
  #endif
    }
.......
  if ( ret != ZSuccess )
  {
    osal_start_timerEx(ZDAppTaskID, ZDO_NETWORK_INIT, NWK_RETRY_DELAY );
  }
}

（5）有设备接入则会调用回调函数：ZDO_NetworkDiscoveryConfirmCB(uint8 status)，在这个回调函数会产生ZDO_NWK_DISC_CNF事件。然后在void ZDApp_ProcessOSALMsg( osal_event_hdr_t *msgPtr )里面处理该事件，重连过程中会从NV中读取panid等数据， 最后发出重新连接的申请NLME_ NLME_ReJoinRequest( ZDO_UseExtendedPANID, pChosenNwk->logicalChannel);

void ZDApp_ProcessOSALMsg( osal_event_hdr_t *msgPtr ) 
{ 
……. 
switch ( msgPtr->event ) 
{ 
……….. 
case ZDO_NWK_DISC_CNF: 
if (devState != DEV_NWK_DISC) 
break;

  if ( ZG_BUILD_JOINING_TYPE && ZG_DEVICE_JOINING_TYPE )
  {
    // Process the network discovery scan results and choose a parent
    // device to join/rejoin itself
    networkDesc_t *pChosenNwk;
    if ( ( (pChosenNwk = ZDApp_NwkDescListProcessing()) != NULL ) && (zdoDiscCounter > NUM_DISC_ATTEMPTS) )
    {
      if ( devStartMode == MODE_JOIN )
      {
        devState = DEV_NWK_JOINING;
        ZDApp_NodeProfileSync( pChosenNwk->stackProfile);
        if ( NLME_JoinRequest( pChosenNwk->extendedPANID, pChosenNwk->panId,
                              pChosenNwk->logicalChannel,
                              ZDO_Config_Node_Descriptor.CapabilityFlags,
                              pChosenNwk->chosenRouter, pChosenNwk->chosenRouterDepth ) != ZSuccess )
        {
          ZDApp_NetworkInit( (uint16)(NWK_START_DELAY
                                      + ((uint16)(osal_rand()& EXTENDED_JOINING_RANDOM_MASK))) );
        }
      } // if ( devStartMode == MODE_JOIN )
      else if ( devStartMode == MODE_REJOIN )//重连的处理
      {
        ZStatus_t rejoinStatus;

        devState = DEV_NWK_REJOIN;

        // Before trying to do rejoin, check if the device has a valid short address
        // If not, generate a random short address for itself
        if ( _NIB.nwkDevAddress == INVALID_NODE_ADDR )
        {
          uint16 commNwkAddr;
           //从NV里面读取网络信息
          // Verify if the Network address has been commissioned by external tool
          if ( ( osal_nv_read( ZCD_NV_COMMISSIONED_NWK_ADDR, 0,
                             sizeof(commNwkAddr),
                             (void*)&commNwkAddr ) == ZSUCCESS )   &&
               ( commNwkAddr != INVALID_NODE_ADDR ) )
          {
            _NIB.nwkDevAddress = commNwkAddr;

            // clear Allocate address bit because device has a commissioned address
            _NIB.CapabilityFlags &= ~CAPINFO_ALLOC_ADDR;
          }
          else
          {
            _NIB.nwkDevAddress = osal_rand();
          }
          ZMacSetReq( ZMacShortAddress, (byte*)&_NIB.nwkDevAddress );
        }

        // Check if the device has a valid PanID, if not, set it to the discovered Pan
        if ( _NIB.nwkPanId == INVALID_PAN_ID )
        {
          _NIB.nwkPanId = pChosenNwk->panId;
          ZMacSetReq( ZMacPanId, (byte*)&(_NIB.nwkPanId) );//设置新的panID到NV里面
        }

        tmp = true;
        ZMacSetReq( ZMacRxOnIdle, &tmp ); // Set receiver always on during rejoin

        // Perform Secure or Unsecure Rejoin depending on available configuration
        if ( ZG_SECURE_ENABLED && ( ZDApp_RestoreNwkKey() == TRUE ) )
        {
          rejoinStatus = NLME_ReJoinRequest( ZDO_UseExtendedPANID, pChosenNwk->logicalChannel);   //发出重新连接的申请
        }
        else
        {
          rejoinStatus = NLME_ReJoinRequestUnsecure( ZDO_UseExtendedPANID, pChosenNwk->logicalChannel);   //发出重新连接的申请
        }
        if ( rejoinStatus != ZSuccess )
        {
          ZDApp_NetworkInit( (uint16)(NWK_START_DELAY
                                      + ((uint16)(osal_rand()& EXTENDED_JOINING_RANDOM_MASK))) );
        }
      } // else if ( devStartMode == MODE_REJOIN )
      // The receiver is on, turn network layer polling off.
      ...........
      }
    }
    else
    {
      if ( continueJoining )
      {
        zdoDiscCounter++;
        ZDApp_NetworkInit( (uint16)(BEACON_REQUEST_DELAY
              + ((uint16)(osal_rand()& BEACON_REQ_DELAY_MASK))) );
#endif
      }
    }
  }
  break;
..........

} 
}

（6）设备入网成功会调用入网成功的回调函数ZDO_JoinConfirmCB(uint16 PanId, ZStatus_t Status)，接着声明本设备的短地址（这样协调器才知道设备入网成功），并产生ZDO_STATE_CHANGE_EVT网络改变的事件。devState 的状态是在void ZDO_JoinConfirmCB( )里面改变的，ZDApp_ProcessNetworkJoin( void )里面才会处理入网成功。

void ZDO_JoinConfirmCB( uint16 PanId, ZStatus_t Status )
{
      (void)PanId;  // remove if this parameter is used.
      nwkStatus = (byte)Status;

  if ( Status == ZSUCCESS )
  {
    if ( ZSTACK_END_DEVICE_BUILD
      || (ZSTACK_ROUTER_BUILD && ((_NIB.CapabilityFlags & ZMAC_ASSOC_CAPINFO_FFD_TYPE) == 0)))
    {
      neighborEntry_t *pItem;

      // We don't need the neighbor table entries.  
      // Clear the neighbor Table to remove beacon information
      nwkNeighborInitTable();

      // Force a neighbor table entry for the parent
      pItem = nwkNeighborFindEmptySlot();
      if ( pItem != NULL )
      {
        osal_memset( pItem, 0x00, sizeof ( neighborEntry_t  )  );
        pItem->neighborAddress = _NIB.nwkCoordAddress;
        osal_cpyExtAddr( pItem ->neighborExtAddr, _NIB. nwkCoordExtAddress );
        pItem->panId = _NIB. nwkPanId;
        pItem->linkInfo.rxLqi = DEF_LQI;
        pItem->linkInfo.txCounter = DEF_LINK_COUNTER;
        pItem->linkInfo.txCost = DEF_LINK_COST;
      }
    }
    if ( (devState == DEV_HOLD) )
    {
      // Began with HOLD_AUTO_START
      devState = DEV_NWK_JOINING;//改变devState状态，代表入网已经成功
    }

    if ( !ZG_SECURE_ENABLED )
    {
      // Notify to save info into NV
      ZDApp_NVUpdate();
    }
  }
  else
  {
  }

  // Pass the join confirm to higher layer if callback registered
  if (zdoCBFunc[ZDO_JOIN_CNF_CBID] != NULL )
  {
    zdoJoinCnf_t joinCnf;

    joinCnf.status = Status;
    joinCnf.deviceAddr = _NIB.nwkDevAddress;
    joinCnf.parentAddr = _NIB.nwkCoordAddress;
    zdoCBFunc[ZDO_JOIN_CNF_CBID]( (void*)&joinCnf );
  }

  // Notify ZDApp
  ZDApp_SendMsg( ZDAppTaskID, ZDO_NWK_JOIN_IND, sizeof(osal_event_hdr_t), (byte*)NULL );
}

//入网成功的处理
void ZDApp_ProcessNetworkJoin( void )
{
    if ( (devState == DEV_NWK_JOINING) ||
      ((devState == DEV_NWK_ORPHAN)  &&
       (ZDO_Config_Node_Descriptor.LogicalType == NODETYPE_ROUTER)) )
    {
    }else if( devState == DEV_NWK_ORPHAN || devState == DEV_NWK_REJOIN ){
    .........
    else        //该处暗含：if(devState == DEV_NWK_JOINING）
    {
         // Assume from address conflict
         if ( _NIB.nwkAddrAlloc == NWK_ADDRESSING_STOCHASTIC )
         {
           // Notify the network
           ZDApp_AnnounceNewAddress();//声明本设备的短地址

          // Notify apps
          osal_set_event( ZDAppTaskID, ZDO_STATE_CHANGE_EVT );//告知网络状态改变
        }
      }
}

4.zigbee重连失败分析。

（1）重连成功与重连失败首先要用抓包工具Packet Sniffer来分析 
下面是重连成功的图：能看的的数据包是===》Beancon Request==>协调器的回应包==》终端的NWK Rejoin Request 数据包 ===》终端的Data Request ==》协调器回应 NWK Rejoin Response包 

下面是重连失败的图：能看到的数据包是 ===》Beancon Request==>协调器的回应包==》终端的NWK Rejoin Request 数据包 ===》 Beancon Request 

*从上面的数据包对比可知，重连失败的数据包没有=》终端的Data Request《=， 这样导致终端无法得知之前连接的设备是否还在线，那么终端只能认为该网络是全新的网络，需要重新连接，不能重连旧设备。 
接下来要查明为什么不发Data Request的包，查看代码发现某个地方设置不查询数据NLME_SetPollRate(0);当时写这行代码是为了zigbee设备能够更好的休眠，尽量减少数据的发送，故关闭数据轮询。把NLME_SetPollRate(0)注释掉即可解决问题，重启协调器，终端能够正常地重连到协调器上。