1. 安装MySQL。
[root@sample ~]# yum -y install mysql-server ← 安装MySQL
[root@sample ~]# yum -y install php-mysql ← 安装php-mysql
2. 配置MySQL字符集
[root@sample ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf ← 编辑MySQL的配置文件
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x
# clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package).
default-character-set = utf8 ← 添加这一行,或者character-set=server = utf8,根据不同的mysql版本
3. 设置MySQL服务自启动
[root@sample ~]# chkconfig mysqld on ← 设置MySQL服务随系统启动自启动
[root@sample ~]# chkconfig --list mysqld ← 确认MySQL自启动
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off ← 如果2--5为on的状态就OK
[root@sample ~]#/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start ← 启动MySQL服务
Initializing MySQL database: [ OK ]
Starting MySQL: [ OK ]
4. 为MySQL的root用户设置密码
MySQL在刚刚被安装的时候,它的root用户是没有被设置密码的。首先来设置MySQL的root密码。
a) 用root用户登录MySQL服务器
[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root ←用root用户登录MySQL服务器,此时root无密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the buffer.
b) 查看mysql系统的用户信息
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息
c) 为mysql系统的用户设置密码
mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('在这里填入root密码'); ← 设置root密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> set password for root@'sample.centospub.com'=password('在这里填入root密码'); ← 设置root密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)只有设置了这个才可以通过数据库来安装网址
mysql> set password for root@'xxx'=password('xxx'); ← 设置root密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
d) 检查mysql系统的用户密码设置
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息
e) 退出mysql服务器
mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器
Bye
f) 验证mysql系统的用户密码设置
[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root ← 通过空密码用root登录
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO) ← 出现此错误信息说明密码设置成功
[root@sample ~]#mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录
Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. ← 确认用密码能够成功登录
Your MySQL connection id is 5 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the buffer.
5. 删除匿名用户
在MySQL刚刚被安装后,存在用户名、密码为空的用户。这使得数据库服务器有无需密码被登录的可能性。为消除隐患,将匿名用户删除。
[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -p ←密码用root登录
Enter password: 通过← 在这里输入密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7 to server version: 4.1.20
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息
mysql> delete from mysql.user where user=''; ← 删除匿名用户
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.17 sec)
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; ← 查看用户信息
6. 创建用户并授权
[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录
Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码
第一种方式:
mysql> grant all privileges on test.* to centospub@localhost identified by '在这里定义密码'; ← 建立对test数据库有完全操作权限的名为centospub的用户
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> select user from mysql.user where user='centospub'; ← 确认centospub用户的存在与否
第二种方式:
GRANT ALL ON *.*To hugy@'%'IDENTIFIED BY '555' WiTH GRANT OPTION;
flush privileges;//刷新权限
mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器
Bye
7. 删除用户并收权
[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -p ← 通过密码用root登录
Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码
mysql> revoke all privileges on *.* from centospub@localhost; ← 取消centospub用户对数据库的操作权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> delete from mysql.user where user='centospub' and host='localhost'; ← 删除centospub用户
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select user from mysql.user where user='centospub'; ← 查找用户centospub,确认已删除与否
Empty set (0.01 sec) ← 确认centospub用户已不存在
mysql> flush privileges; ← 刷新,使以上操作生效
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
8. 数据库的使用
[root@sample ~]# mysql -u centospub -p ← 用centospub用户登录MySQL服务器
Enter password: ← 在这里输入密码
mysql> create database test; ← 建立名为test的数据库
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases; ← 查看系统已存在的数据库
mysql> use test ← 连接到数据库
Database changed
mysql> create table test(num int, name varchar(50)); ← 在数据库中建立表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> show tables; ← 查看数据库中已存在的表
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+-------------------+
| test |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into test values(1,'Hello World!'); ← 插入一个值到表中
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> select * from test; ← 查看数据库中的表的信息
+------+-------------------+
| num | name |
+------+-------------------+
| 1 | Hello World! |
+------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update test set name='Hello Everyone!'; ← 更新表的信息,赋予新的值
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from test; ← 查看数据库中的表的信息
+------+----------------------+
| num | name |
+------+----------------------+
| 1 | Hello Everyone! | ← 确认被更新到新的值
+------+----------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> delete from test where num=1; ← 删除表内的值
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test; ← 确认删除结果
Empty set (0.01 sec)
mysql> drop table test; ← 删除表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show tables; ← 查看表信息
Empty set (0.00 sec) ← 确认表已被删除
mysql> drop database test; ← 删除名为test的数据库
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases; ← 查看已存在的数据库
Empty set (0.01 sec) ← 确认test数据库已被删除(这里非root用户的关系,看不到名为mysql的数据库)
mysql> exit ← 退出MySQL服务器
Bye