SaltStack Char02 组件

2.1 

　　Target : 管理的对象

　　Master上，通过采用不同的Target去管理不同的Minion

　　Salt命令的Target Options 参数信息

　　1　　正则匹配

　　　　#salt -E 'TestS*' test.ping

　　2　　列表匹配

　　　　#salt -L TestSlave_1,TestSlave1_Audio test.ping

　　　　#salt -L ‘TestSlave_1,TestSlave1_Audio’ test.ping

　　3　　Grains匹配

　　　　#salt -G 'os:Ubuntu' test.ping

　　4　　组匹配

　　　　#salt -N groups test.ping

　　5　　复合匹配

　　　　#salt -C 'G@os:MacOS or L@Minion1' test.ping

　　6　　Pillar值匹配

　　7　　CIDR匹配

2.2 管理对象的属性

　　Grains

　　2.2.1　　通过Minion配置文件定义Grains 　　　 ???

　　2.2.2 　  通过Grains模块定义Grains

2.3　　数据管理中心

　　　　Pillar在SaltStack中主要的作用就是存储和定义配置管理中需要的一些数据,比如软件版本号、用户名密码等信息,它的定

2.4　　针对管理对象的操作

　　1　　查看所有的module列表　　

　　　　salt '*' sys.list_modules

　　2　　查看制定module的所有function

　　

# salt  TestSlave1_Audio  sys.list_functions cmd
TestSlave1_Audio:
    - cmd.exec_code
    - cmd.exec_code_all
    - cmd.has_exec
    - cmd.retcode
    - cmd.run
    - cmd.run_all
    - cmd.run_chroot
    - cmd.run_stderr
    - cmd.run_stdout
    - cmd.script
    - cmd.script_retcode
    - cmd.shell
    - cmd.shells
    - cmd.tty
    - cmd.which
    - cmd.which_bin

　　2.3 查看指定module用法

# salt TestSlave1_Audio sys.doc cmd.run'cmd.run:'

    Execute the passed command and return the output as a string

    Note that ``env`` represents the environment variables for the command, and
    should be formatted as a dict, or a YAML string which resolves to a dict.

    Warning:

        This function does not process commands through a shell
        unless the python_shell flag is set to True. This means that any
        shell-specific functionality such as 'echo' or the use of pipes,
        redirection or &&, should either be migrated to cmd.shell or
        have the python_shell=True flag set here.

        The use of python_shell=True means that the shell will accept _any_ input
        including potentially malicious commands such as 'good_command;rm -rf /'.
        Be absolutely certain that you have sanitized your input prior to using
        python_shell=True

    CLI Example:

        salt '*' cmd.run "ls -l | awk '/foo/{print $2}'"

    The template arg can be set to 'jinja' or another supported template
    engine to render the command arguments before execution.
    For example:

        salt '*' cmd.run template=jinja "ls -l /tmp/{{grains.id}} | awk '/foo/{print $2}'"

    Specify an alternate shell with the shell parameter:

        salt '*' cmd.run "Get-ChildItem C: " shell='powershell'

    A string of standard input can be specified for the command to be run using
    the ``stdin`` parameter. This can be useful in cases where sensitive
    information must be read from standard input.:

        salt '*' cmd.run "grep f" stdin='one
two
three
four
five
'

    If an equal sign (``=``) appears in an argument to a Salt command it is
    interpreted as a keyword argument in the format ``key=val``. That
    processing can be bypassed in order to pass an equal sign through to the
    remote shell command by manually specifying the kwarg:

        salt '*' cmd.run cmd='sed -e s/=/:/g'
    

　　

2.5 配置管理

States 是 SaltStack中的配置语言

2.5.1 查看所有的states列表

# salt TestSlave1_Audio sys.list_state_modules | head -10
TestSlave1_Audio:
    - acl
    - alias
    - alternatives
    - apt
    - archive
    - artifactory
    - blockdev
    - buildout
    - cloud

2.5.2 查看制定states中的所有function

2.5.3 查看制定states用法

# salt TestSlave1_Audio sys.list_state_modules.apt | head -10 
TestSlave1_Audio:
    'sys.list_state_modules.apt' is not available.
root@Ly-banya:~# salt TestSlave1_Audio sys.state_doc file | head -10 
TestSlave1_Audio:
    ----------
    file:
        
        Operations on regular files, special files, directories, and symlinks
        =====================================================================
        
        Salt States can aggressively manipulate files on a system. There are a number
        of ways in which files can be managed.

2.5.4 查看制定states指定function用法

2.5.5 从一个简单的实例去了解states

# cat foo.conf 
SaltStack Books
root@Ly:/srv/salt# cat one.sls 
/tmp/foo.conf:
  file.managed:
    - source: salt://foo.conf
    - user: root
    - group: root
    - mode: 644
    - backup: minion



:/srv/salt# salt TestSlave1_Audio state.sls one
TestSlave1_Audio:
----------
          ID: /tmp/foo.conf
    Function: file.managed
      Result: True
     Comment: File /tmp/foo.conf is in the correct state
     Started: 06:26:43.545952
    Duration: 7.644 ms
     Changes:   

Summary
------------
Succeeded: 1
Failed:    0
------------
Total states run:     1

　　

2.6 执行结果处理

　　Return 组件可以理解为SaltStack系统对执行Minion返回后的数据进行存储或者返回给其他程序，它支持多种存储，比如MySQL , MonogDB 、Redis

      通过Return 我们可以对SaltStack的每次操作进行记录，以后可以用来日志审计

2.6.1 查看所有Return 列表

# salt TestSlave1_Audio sys.list_returners
TestSlave1_Audio:
    - carbon
    - couchdb
    - etcd
    - hipchat
    - local
    - local_cache
    - multi_returner
    - slack
    - smtp
    - sqlite3
    - syslog

2.6.2 Return 流程