Linux学习120 nginx高级模块应用及优化思路

一、相应模块

　　1、ngx_stream_core_module

　　　　a、查看此模块

[root@www ~]# rpm -qa|grep nginx
nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-3.el7.x86_64
nginx-filesystem-1.16.1-3.el7.noarch
nginx-mod-http-perl-1.16.1-3.el7.x86_64
nginx-mod-http-xslt-filter-1.16.1-3.el7.x86_64
nginx-1.16.1-3.el7.x86_64
nginx-all-modules-1.16.1-3.el7.noarch
nginx-mod-mail-1.16.1-3.el7.x86_64
nginx-mod-http-image-filter-1.16.1-3.el7.x86_64
[root@www ~]# rpm -ql nginx-mod-stream-1.16.1-3.el7.x86_64
/usr/lib64/nginx/modules/ngx_stream_module.so
/usr/share/nginx/modules/mod-stream.conf
[root@www ~]# cat /usr/share/nginx/modules/mod-stream.conf 
load_module "/usr/lib64/nginx/modules/ngx_stream_module.so";

　　　　b、对nginx来讲如果你不准备使用http服务就可以不用使用http而是使用stream即可。所有4层负载均衡及代理功能都应该放在stream上下文中。又因为在stream中由于其为伪四层代理因此面向客户端一侧所有功能依然需要使用server来表示，需要监听在哪个端口上来代理至具体的哪个后端主机。

　　　　　　

　　　　　　

　　　　c、配置我们的四层代理

　　　　　　（1）、创建配置文件并启动服务

[root@www ~]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# For more information on configuration, see:
#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
stream {
    server {
        listen 22922;
        proxy_pass 192.168.10.41:22; 
}
}
[root@www ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@www ~]# systemctl restart nginx
[root@www ~]# netstat -anpt|grep 229
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22922           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1436/nginx: master 

　　　　　　（2）、尝试进行连接

[root@www ~]# ssh -p22922 root@192.168.10.43
root@192.168.10.43's password: 
Last login: Wed Dec 16 04:06:30 2020 from 192.168.10.43
[root@localhost ~]# ip a |grep 10.
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    inet 192.168.10.41/24 brd 192.168.10.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33

　　　　　　（3）、配置80端口代理

[root@www ~]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# For more information on configuration, see:
#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
stream {
    server {
        listen 22922;
        proxy_pass 192.168.10.41:22; 
}
    server {
        listen 80;
        proxy_pass 192.168.10.42:80;
}
}
[root@www ~]# curl 192.168.10.43
upstream server2:192.168.10.42

　　　　d、配置负载均衡

　　　　　　（1）、配置upstream：此处的upstream模块是我们stream模块中的upstream，与我们前面配置的http中的upstream很相似而已。

[root@www ~]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# For more information on configuration, see:
#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
stream {
    upstream sshsrvs {
        server 192.168.10.41:22;
        server 192.168.10.42:22;
}
    upstream websrvs {
        server 192.168.10.41:80;
        server 192.168.10.42:80;
}
    server {
        listen 22922;
        proxy_pass sshsrvs; 
}
    server {
        listen 80;
        proxy_pass websrvs;
}
}
[root@www ~]# for i in {1..4};do curl 192.168.10.43;done
upstream server1:192.168.10.41
upstream server2:192.168.10.42
upstream server1:192.168.10.41
upstream server2:192.168.10.42

　　　　　　（2）、配置mysql的负载均衡

[root@www ~]# cat /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# For more information on configuration, see:
#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
stream {
    upstream sshsrvs {
        server 192.168.10.41:22;
        server 192.168.10.42:22;
}
    upstream websrvs {
        server 192.168.10.41:80;
        server 192.168.10.42:80;
}
    upstream mysrvs {
        server 192.168.10.41:3306;
        server 192.168.10.42:3306;
}
    server {
        listen 22922;
        proxy_pass sshsrvs; 
}
    server {
        listen 80;
        proxy_pass websrvs;
}
    server {
        listen 3306;
        proxy_pass mysrvs;
}
}
[root@www ~]# nginx -s reload
[root@www ~]# netstat -anpt|grep 3306
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1436/nginx: master  

　　　　　　（3）、我们也可以将来自同一个IP的请求转发至同一个后端主机。（此模块不支持ip_hash，不过支持hash）

　　　　　　　　

　　　　e、总结

二、nginx编译安装

　　1、编译示例

　　2、nginx打补丁方式

　　3、课外实践