python 继承：重写、拓展（六）

1.继承:父类有的子类也有

2.多继承:若继承多个父类有相同的函数，则继承前面的函数，传递参数的个数也与继承的函数位置有关

3.超继承：针对继承一个父类使用，不仅有父类的特写同时也有自己的新特性  super(类名,self).属性/方法名（参数）

4.重写：子类的函数名与父类的一致，就会重写函数override 覆盖,调用函数的时候只调用子类自己的函数，不在调用父类的，父类不能调用子类的函数，属性。

5.拓展：父类没有的函数，子类有。

class Dad:  #父类

    def __init__(self,name,age):

        self.name=name

        self.age=age

    def sport(self,hours):

        print("只喜欢游泳，每天游泳{0}小时".format(hours))

    def cooking(self):

        print("只会做蛋炒饭")

    def smoke(self):

        print("喜欢吸烟")

class Son(Dad):  #子类继承父类

    def sport(self,hours,*args):       #重写

        super(Son,self).sport(hours)  #保持父类的特性

        sport_name=''

        for item in args:

            sport_name+=item

            sport_name+='、'

        print("我喜欢{0}这些运动。".format(sport_name))

    def coding(self,language="python"):  #拓展

        print("我是一个程序员,名字{0},今年{1},喜欢{2}编码".format(self.name,self.age,language))

son_1=Son("牛牛",8) #实例化

son_1.sport(2,"篮球","足球","排球")

son_1.coding()

例子：猜拳游戏

import random

class GussingGame:

    def choose_role(self):

        role={"1":"曹操","2":"张飞","3":"刘备"}

        input_role=input("请选择角色：1:曹操 2:张飞 3:刘备")

        return role[input_role]

    def human_fist(self):

        input_num=input("请出拳：1 石头 2 剪刀 3 布")

        return int(input_num)

    def machine_fist(self):

        input_num=random.randint(1,3)

        return input_num

    def human_vs_machine(self):

        human_win=0

        machine_win=0

        ping=0

        fist_num={"1":"石头","2":"剪刀","3":"布"}

        #选择角色

        role=self.choose_role()

        while True:

            #出拳

            human_fist=self.human_fist()

            #电脑出拳

            machine_fist=self.machine_fist()

            result=human_fist-machine_fist

            print(role+"出拳:{0}".format(fist_num[str(human_fist)]))

            print("电脑出拳:{0}".format(fist_num[str(machine_fist)]))

            if result==-1 or result==2:

                print("恭喜你，赢了！")

                human_win+=1

            elif result==-2 or result==1:

                print("很遗憾，你输了！")

                machine_win+=1

            else:

                print("平局！")

                ping+=1

            choice=input("是否还有继续输入【y】继续，输入【n】结束！")

            if choice=='y':

                continue

            elif choice=='n':

                print("游戏结束！")

                print("本次比赛{0}次,你赢{1}次,电脑赢{2}次,平局{3}次".format(human_win+machine_win+ping,human_win,machine_win,ping))

                break

if __name__ == '__main__':

    gg=GussingGame()

    gg.human_vs_machine()