环境
虚拟机：VMware 10
Linux版本：CentOS-6.5-x86_64
客户端：Xshell4
FTP：Xftp4
jdk8
elasticsearch-2.2.0
一、Rest简介
Representational State Transfer
一种软件架构风格，而不是标准，只是提供了一组设计原则和约束条件。它主要用于客户端和服务器交互类的软件。基于这个风格设计的软件可以更简洁，更有层次，更易于实现缓存等机制。
REST的操作分为以下几种
GET：获取对象的当前状态；
PUT：改变对象的状态；
POST：创建对象；
DELETE：删除对象；
HEAD：获取头信息。
ES内置的REST接口
二、curl-rest命令
curl属于linux命令，可以在命令行下访问url的一个工具，利用URL语法在命令行方式下工作的开源文件传输工具，使用curl可以简单实现常见的get/post请求
curl
-X 指定http请求的方法
HEAD GET POST PUT DELETE
-d 指定要传输的数据
1、创建索引库：wjy
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XPUT http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/ {"acknowledged":true} [cluster@PCS101 bin]$
2、创建类型(表):employee，插入一行记录，即文档document
#POST不指定ID 会自动生成ID;指定ID，会根据ID，如果存在该ID会更新，不存在就创建
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XPOST http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee -d ' > { > "first_name" : "bin", > "age" : 33, > "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", > "interests": [ "sports", "music" ] > }' {"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"AWlv8cAl4hD4em0kzO4U","_version":1,"_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"created":true} 索引库 类型 编号 版本 分片 是否创建成功
#PUT方式 后面必须指定ID编码，如果重复添加相同编码数据 会失败
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XPUT http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/1 -d ' > { > "first_name" : "god bin", > "last_name" : "pang", > "age" : 42, > "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", > "interests": [ "sports", "music" ] > }' {"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"1","_version":1,"_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"created":true}
3、增加field:sex
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XPOST http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee -d ' > { > "first_name" : "pablo2", > "age" : 33, > "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", > "interests": [ "sports", "music" ], > "sex": "man" > }' {"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"AWlv-tng4hD4em0kzO4W","_version":1,"_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"created":true}
4、获取数据 GET
(1)根据document的id来获取数据：pretty参数就是用json格式化的方式展示
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/1?pretty { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "1", "_version" : 1, "found" : true, "_source" : { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }
对比：
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/1 {"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"1","_version":1,"found":true,"_source": { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests": [ "sports", "music" ] }}
(2)根据field来查询数据：_search根据索引查找
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?q=first_name="bin" {"took":18,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":5,"successful":5,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":3,"max_score":0.014065012,"hits":[{"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"AWlv8cAl4hD4em0kzO4U","_score":0.014065012,"_source": { "first_name" : "bin", "age" : 33, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests": [ "sports", "music" ] }},{"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"AWlv91mF4hD4em0kzO4V","_score":0.01125201,"_source": { "first_name" : "gob bin", "age" : 43, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests": [ "sports", "music" ] }},{"_index":"wjy","_type":"employee","_id":"1","_score":0.01125201,"_source": { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests": [ "sports", "music" ] }}]}}
(3)根据field来查询数据,参数封装起来传进去：match 匹配
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?pretty -d ' > { > "query": > {"match": > {"first_name":"bin"} > } > }' { "took" : 10, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 3, "max_score" : 0.30685282, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv8cAl4hD4em0kzO4U", "_score" : 0.30685282, "_source" : { "first_name" : "bin", "age" : 33, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }, { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv91mF4hD4em0kzO4V", "_score" : 0.19178301, "_source" : { "first_name" : "gob bin", "age" : 43, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }, { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 0.19178301, "_source" : { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } } ] } }
#对多个field发起查询：multi_match
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?pretty -d ' > { > "query": > {"multi_match": > { > "query":"bin", > "fields":["last_name","first_name"], > "operator":"and" > } > } > }' { "took" : 11, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 3, "max_score" : 0.09415865, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv8cAl4hD4em0kzO4U", "_score" : 0.09415865, "_source" : { "first_name" : "bin", "age" : 33, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }, { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv91mF4hD4em0kzO4V", "_score" : 0.058849156, "_source" : { "first_name" : "gob bin", "age" : 43, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }, { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 0.058849156, "_source" : { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } } ] } }
(4)多个term对多个field发起查询:bool（boolean）,组合查询，must，must_not,should
#must + must : 交集
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?pretty -d ' > { > "query": > {"bool" : > { > "must" : > {"match": > {"first_name":"bin"} > }, > "must" : > {"match": > {"age":33} > } > } > } > }' { "took" : 5, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 1, "max_score" : 0.4339554, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv8cAl4hD4em0kzO4U", "_score" : 0.4339554, "_source" : { "first_name" : "bin", "age" : 33, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } } ] } }
#must +must_not ：差集
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?pretty -d ' > { > "query": > {"bool" : > { > "must" : > {"match": > {"first_name":"bin"} > }, > "must_not" : > {"match": > {"age":33} > } > } > } > }' { "took" : 7, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 2, "max_score" : 0.19178301, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv91mF4hD4em0kzO4V", "_score" : 0.19178301, "_source" : { "first_name" : "gob bin", "age" : 43, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }, { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 0.19178301, "_source" : { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } } ] } }
#must+must_not 查询first_name=bin的，或者年龄在20岁到33岁之间的
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?pretty -d ' > { > "query": > {"bool" : > { > "must" : > {"term" : > { "first_name" : "bin" } > } > , > "must_not" : > {"range": > {"age" : { "from" : 20, "to" : 33 } > } > } > } > } > }' { "took" : 6, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 2, "max_score" : 0.19178301, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "AWlv91mF4hD4em0kzO4V", "_score" : 0.19178301, "_source" : { "first_name" : "gob bin", "age" : 43, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } }, { "_index" : "wjy", "_type" : "employee", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 0.19178301, "_source" : { "first_name" : "god bin", "last_name" : "pang", "age" : 42, "about" : "I love to go rock climbing", "interests" : [ "sports", "music" ] } } ] } }
#must_not+must_not : 并集
[cluster@PCS101 bin]$ curl -XGET http://196.168.123.101:9200/wjy/employee/_search?pretty -d ' > { > "query": > {"bool" : > { > "must_not" : > {"match": > {"first_name":"bin"} > }, > "must_not" : > {"match": > {"age":33} > } > } > } > }' { "took" : 5, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 5, "successful" : 5, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : 0, "max_score" : null, "hits" : [ ] } }
(5)删除
curl -XDELETE http://196.168.123.101:9200/test2/
(6)设置
#设置备份数 curl -XPUT 'http://196.168.123.101:9200/test2/' -d'{"settings":{"number_of_replicas":2}}' #设置分片数 备份数 curl -XPUT 'http://196.168.123.101:9200/test3/' -d'{"settings":{"number_of_shards":3,"number_of_replicas":3}}'