URL url = new URL(strURL);
// BufferedReader receiver = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(url.openStream()));
BufferedReader receiver = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(url.openConnection().getInputStream()));
StringBuffer msg = new StringBuffer();
char[] data = new char[512];
int n = 0;
while ((n = receiver.read(data, 0, 512)) != -1) {
msg.append(data, 0, n);
}
return msg.toString().trim();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return "sdjfaijsdfoiajfjasklfqwh";
}
public static String sendPost(String strURL) throws Exception {
URL url = new URL(strURL);
String result = "";
try {
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
// PrintWriter out = new
// PrintWriter(httpConn.getOutputStream());//PrintWriter一个打印输出类0,不会自动进行flush和close,继承writer,有多少字符就写多少。
// 不同于PrintStream类,如System.out这个对象,虽然输出都是write(),但PrintStream会自动进行flush和close,使用outputstream类。
conn.setUseCaches(false);
// conn.setFollowRedirects(true);
conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
// String key = "campaigns";
// String value = "json";
// conn.setDefaultRequestProperty(key, value);
// conn.connect();//
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());// getOutputStream()中隐含的进行了conn.connect;
// 有乱码可能有问题value;
// String content = "campaigns=" + "{"
JSONObject campaignInfoJSON = new JSONObject();
campaignInfoJSON = JSONObject.fromObject(content);
content = "campaigns=" + campaignInfoJSON.toString();
// content = "campaigns=" + content;
out.writeBytes(content);
out.flush();
out.close();
BufferedReader receiver = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
conn.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = receiver.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
receiver.close();
conn.disconnect();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("没有结果!" + e);
}
// try{
// URL httpurl = new URL(url);
// HttpURLConnection httpConn =
// (HttpURLConnection)httpurl.openConnection();
// httpConn.setDoOutput(true);
// httpConn.setDoInput(true);
// PrintWriter out = new
// PrintWriter(httpConn.getOutputStream());//PrintWriter一个打印输出类0,不会自动进行flush和close,继承writer,有多少字符就写多少。
// 不同于PrintStream类,如System.out这个对象,虽然输出都是write(),但PrintStream会自动进行flush和close,使用outputstream类。
// out.print(param);
// out.flush();
// out.close();
// BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new
// InputStreamReader(httpConn.getInputStream()));
// String line;
// while ((line = in.readLine())!= null)
// {
// result += line;
// }
// in.close();
// }catch(Exception e){
// System.out.println("没有结果!"+e);
// }
return result;
}
在Java中可以使用HttpURLConnection发起这两种请求,了解此类,对于了解soap,和编写servlet的自动测试代码都有很大的帮助。
下面的代码简单描述了如何使用HttpURLConnection发起这两种请求,以及传递参数的方法:
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上面的readContentFromGet()函数产生了一个get请求,传给servlet一个username参数,值为"fat man"。
readContentFromPost()函数产生了一个post请求,传给servlet一个firstname参数,值为"一个大肥人"。
HttpURLConnection.connect函数,实际上只是建立了一个与服务器的tcp连接,并没有实际发送http请求。无论是post还是get,http请求实际上直到HttpURLConnection.getInputStream()这个函数里面才正式发送出去。
在readContentFromPost()中,顺序是重中之重,对connection对象的一切配置(那一堆set函数)都必须要在connect()函数执行之前完成。而对outputStream的写操作,又必须要在inputStream的读操作之前。这些顺序实际上是由http请求的格式决定的。
http请求实际上由两部分组成,一个是http头,所有关于此次http请求的配置都在http头里面定义,一个是正文content,在connect()函数里面,会根据HttpURLConnection对象的配置值生成http头,因此在调用connect函数之前,就必须把所有的配置准备好。
紧接着http头的是http请求的正文,正文的内容通过outputStream写入,实际上outputStream不是一个网络流,充其量是个字符串流,往里面写入的东西不会立即发送到网络,而是在流关闭后,根据输入的内容生成http正文。
至此,http请求的东西已经准备就绪。在getInputStream()函数调用的时候,就会把准备好的http请求正式发送到服务器了,然后返回一个输入流,用于读取服务器对于此次http请求的返回信息。由于http请求在getInputStream的时候已经发送出去了(包括http头和正文),因此在getInputStream()函数之后对connection对象进行设置(对http头的信息进行修改)或者写入outputStream(对正文进行修改)都是没有意义的了,执行这些操作会导致异常的发生。