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  • Pytest单元测试框架实战之Pytest用例运行规则

    1.Pytest测试用例运行规则


     在pytest单元测试框架下面执行用例,需要满足以下几个特点:

      1. 文件名以test_*.py开头或者*_test.py

      2. 测试类、测试函数以test开头

      3. 所有的包必须要有 __init__.py文件

    一般在cmd命令行下面执行pytest用例有3种方法。大家可以选择使用,我推荐第一种:

      pytest  文件名

      py.test  文件名

      python -m pytest 文件名

    如果运行某个测试类下面的具体函数,可以使用:pytest  文件名::测试函数名

    如果在测试过程中,遇到测试停止的方法可以加 -x参数: pytests -x 文件名

    E:untitled1>pytest -x collect.py
    ============================= test session starts =============================
    platform win32 -- Python 3.5.1, pytest-5.0.1, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.12.0
    rootdir: E:untitled1
    collected 2 items
    
    collect.py .F                                                            [100%]
    
    ================================== FAILURES ===================================
    _____________________________ TestClass.test_two ______________________________
    
    self = <collect.TestClass object at 0x00000000036A4A58>
    
        def test_two(self):
            x = 'hello'
    >       assert hasattr(x, 'check')
    E       AssertionError: assert False
    E        +  where False = hasattr('hello', 'check')
    
    collect.py:102: AssertionError
    ===================== 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.08 seconds ======================

    从结果可以看出第二个测试用例没有运行成功并且停止了。当错误数达到某个量级时,测试停止,参数为:maxfail=num 示例如下:

    E:untitled1>pytest --maxfail=1 collect.py
    ============================= test session starts =============================
    platform win32 -- Python 3.5.1, pytest-5.0.1, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.12.0
    rootdir: E:untitled1
    collected 3 items
    
    collect.py .F
    
    ================================== FAILURES ===================================
    _____________________________ TestClass.test_two ______________________________
    
    self = <collect.TestClass object at 0x000000000368FCF8>
    
        def test_two(self):
            x = 'hello'
    >       assert hasattr(x, 'check')
    E       AssertionError: assert False
    E        +  where False = hasattr('hello', 'check')
    
    collect.py:102: AssertionError
    ===================== 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.08 seconds ======================

    2.在Pycharm中编写测试代码


     在编写测试代码运行之前需要把切换pytest运行环境。file-->setting-->tools-->python intergrated tools--->default test runner 切换为 py.test  然后编写如下测试代码:

    import pytest
    
    class TestClass:
    
        def test_one(self):
            x = 'hello'
            assert 'h' in x
    
        def test_two(self):
            x = 'hello'
            assert hasattr(x, 'check')
    
        def test_secound(self):
            assert 'x' in 'ddd'
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        pytest.main('-q test_class.py')

    运行结果如下   (其中:     .表示测试结果是通过的 pass  E:表示errror  脚本中可能存在问题  F表示failed 测试结果不通过)

    C:Python35python.exe "C:Program Files (x86)JetBrainsPyCharm 5.0.3helperspycharmpytestrunner.py" -p pytest_teamcity E:/untitled1/test_class.py "-k TestClass and test_secound"
    Testing started at 17:28 ...
    ============================= test session starts =============================
    platform win32 -- Python 3.5.1, pytest-5.0.1, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.12.0
    rootdir: C:Program Files (x86)JetBrainsPyCharm 5.0.3jrejrein
    collected 3 items / 2 deselected / 1 selected
    
    . F
    self = <test_class.TestClass object at 0x000000000365EB38>
    
        def test_secound(self):
    >       assert 'x' in 'ddd'
    E       AssertionError: assert 'x' in 'ddd'
    
    E:untitled1	est_class.py:106: AssertionError
    
    
    ================================== FAILURES ===================================
    ___________________________ TestClass.test_secound ____________________________
    
    self = <test_class.TestClass object at 0x000000000365EB38>
    
        def test_secound(self):
    >       assert 'x' in 'ddd'
    E       AssertionError: assert 'x' in 'ddd'
    
    E:untitled1	est_class.py:106: AssertionError
    =================== 1 failed, 2 deselected in 0.06 seconds ====================
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/fighter007/p/11328637.html
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