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  • Quartz 和 springboot schedule中的cron表达式关于星期(周几)的不同表示

    一.Quartz中cron 表达式分析:

    quartz 官方源码(org.quartz.CronExpression)解释:

     Cron expressions are comprised of 6 required fields and one optional field separated by white space. The fields respectively are described as follows: 

    (翻译:Cron表达式由6个必填字段和一个由空格分隔的可选字段组成。 这些字段分别描述如下:)

    Field Name Allowed Values Allowed Special Characters
    Seconds   0-59   , - * /
    Minutes   0-59   , - * /
    Hours   0-23   , - * /
    Day-of-month   1-31   , - * ? / L W
    Month   1-12 or JAN-DEC   , - * /
    Day-of-Week   1-7 or SUN-SAT   , - * ? / L #
    Year (Optional)   empty, 1970-2199   , - * /

      

      

      

      由上表格可见,Quartz中cron表达式可以由最多7个字段构成,即:秒、分、时、日、月、周、年,最后一个字段”年“则可以为空;

    对于周几,即 “Day-of-Week”  其值 1,2,3,4,5,6,7分别表示 “SUN,MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT”;

    二. SpringBoot schedule cron表达式分析:

      解析cron expression的源码(org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronSequenceGenerator.class):  

     1 private void parse(String expression) throws IllegalArgumentException {
     2         String[] fields = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(expression, " ");
     3         if (!areValidCronFields(fields)) {
     4             throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format(
     5                     "Cron expression must consist of 6 fields (found %d in "%s")", fields.length, expression));
     6         }
     7         setNumberHits(this.seconds, fields[0], 0, 60);
     8         setNumberHits(this.minutes, fields[1], 0, 60);
     9         setNumberHits(this.hours, fields[2], 0, 24);
    10         setDaysOfMonth(this.daysOfMonth, fields[3]);
    11         setMonths(this.months, fields[4]);
    12         setDays(this.daysOfWeek, replaceOrdinals(fields[5], "SUN,MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT"), 8);
    13         if (this.daysOfWeek.get(7)) {
    14             // Sunday can be represented as 0 or 7
    15             this.daysOfWeek.set(0);
    16             this.daysOfWeek.clear(7);
    17         }
    18     }

      由上面的代码看Cron表达式必须由6个字段组成,没有‘year’!,重点看setDays方法,此方法转换dayOfWeek的值,找到replaceOrdnal方法源码:

     1 /**
     2      * Replace the values in the comma-separated list (case insensitive)
     3      * with their index in the list.
     4      * @return a new String with the values from the list replaced
     5      */
     6     private String replaceOrdinals(String value, String commaSeparatedList) {
     7         String[] list = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(commaSeparatedList);
     8         for (int i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
     9             String item = list[i].toUpperCase();
    10             value = StringUtils.replace(value.toUpperCase(), item, "" + i);
    11         }
    12         return value;
    13     }

      上面的代码直接将cronExpression字符串中的 "SUN,MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT"分别替换成了”0,1,2,3,4,5,6“;

      而且parse方法中注释”// Sunday can be represented as 0 or 7” 即:周日均可用‘0’或’7‘表示。

      所以对于springBoot schedule 其值 1,2,3,4,5,6,7分别表示 “MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT,SUN”;0也表示SUN; 

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/itfeng813/p/12176014.html
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