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  • COM组建导入Excel

    以前也写过一篇Excel的导出导入方法，单是今天看到园子中有篇不错的，于是拿来用用：
    转载自：http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaye-liuyu/archive/2008/01/08/1030094.html
    十分感谢这位同志。。。。
    今天开始自己写文章，有描述不当的地方请多指教。
       这里主要讲述两种方法，包括处理导出的乱码和格式化问题。
       （1）在客户端把GridView的数据导出到Excel格式文件。
       （2）使用COM组件把数据导出到Excel格式文件。
        这两种方法主要的区别（或者说是使用COM导出数据比较不理想的地方）是使用COM组件必须添加该组件的DLL的引用，由于组件有版本的不同，所以随之而来的将是因版本的不同而不能使用该功能。另一点区别就是使用COM组件前提是客户端必须有安装Excel。
        当然，你可以根据运用环境的不同使用不同的方法。以下贴出两种方法的代码，希望对大家有用。
        （1）fileName = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(“文件名”, “文件编码”);／／如果文件名为中文格式，则可用这行代码对文件名进行编码。然后得用底下带（￥￥￥）行对其进行反编码，这样输出的文件名就不会是乱码。当然使用的编码要正确。
                

     1HttpResponse response = control.Page.Response;//control为包含导出数据的容器
     2            response.Clear();
     3            response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
     4            （￥￥￥）response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="
     5              + HttpUtility.UrlDecode(“文件名”, “文件编码”));  //inline
     6            response.HeaderEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");／／对导出数据的标题进行编码设置（在导出数据标题是乱码的情况下使用）
     7            response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");／／对导出数据的内容进行编码设置（在导出数据的内容是乱码的情况下使用）
     8            response.Write("<html xmlns:x=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\">");／／如果要对输出的数据进行样式控制，输出里必须先输出这行代码，否则使用样式无效。
     9            response.Write("\r\n");
    10            response.Write("<style>  .mystyle1 " + "\r\n" + "{mso-style-parent:style0;mso-number-format:\"" + @"\@" + "\"" + ";} " + "\r\n" + "</style>");／／这里定义了特殊数字的样式
    11            response.Write("<style> .mystyle2" + "\r\n" + "{mso-style-parent:style0;mso-number-format:\"" + "0.0" + "\"" + ";}" + "\r\n" + "</style>");／／这里定义了对金钱的样式设置，
    12            StringBuilder builder1 = new StringBuilder();
    13            control.RenderControl(new HtmlTextWriter(new StringWriter(builder1)));
    14            response.Write("<html><body>" + builder1.ToString() + "</body></html>");
    15            response.End();
    16
    17        protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e)
    18        {
    19            if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow)
    20            {
    21                e.Row.Cells[5].Attributes.Add("class", "mystyle2");／／对单元格的样式设置
    22            }
    23        }
    24
      这就是在客户端导出数据的完整方法。
        （2）假设这里的数据源为Table1
            
    Application excelApp = new ApplicationClass();            
             Workbook excelBook     = excelApp.Workbooks.Add(Type.Missing);
            Worksheet excelSheet     = (Worksheet)excelBook.Sheets.Add(Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
               excelSheet.Name     = strTitle;
                excelApp.Visible     = true; 
                    int rowCount = Table1.Rows.Count;
                    int colCount = Table1.Columns.Count;

                   object[,] dataArray = new object[rowCount + 1, colCount];//二维数组定义是多一个标题行。
                for (int j = 0; j < colCount; j++)
                   {
                    dataArray[    0, j] = Table1.Columns[j].Caption;//导出字段标题。
                        //根据各列的数据类型设置Excel的格式。
                    switch (Table1.Columns[j].DataType.ToString())／／格式化单元格的输出格式
                       {
               case "System.String":
                            excelSheet.get_Range(excelSheet.Cells[    1, 1 + j], excelSheet.Cells[rowCount + 1, 1 + j]).NumberFormatLocal = "@";
                                break;
                           case "System.Decimal":
                           excelSheet.get_Range(excelSheet.Cells[    1, 1 + j], excelSheet.Cells[rowCount + 1, 1 + j]).NumberFormatLocal = "$0.00";
                                break;
                            case "System.DateTime":
                            excelSheet.get_Range(excelSheet.Cells[    1, 1 + j], excelSheet.Cells[rowCount + 1, 1 + j]).NumberFormatLocal = "yyyy-mm-dd";
                                break;
                            //可以根据自己的需要扩展。
                        default:
                           excelSheet.get_Range(excelSheet.Cells[    1, 1 + j], excelSheet.Cells[rowCount + 1, 1 + j]).NumberFormatLocal = "G/通用格式";
                                break;
                    }
                        for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
                        {
                        dataArray[i     + 1, j] = Table1.Rows[i][j];
                    }
           }
                excelSheet.get_Range(    "A1", excelSheet.Cells[rowCount + 1, colCount]).Value2 = dataArray;


            注：使用这种方法的时候需要注意两个地方。（1）必须对本地用户设置权限，可能会出现的错误是：检索 COM 类工厂中 CLSID 为 {00024500-0000-0000-C000-000000000046} 的组件时失败。对这个错误的解决办法将贴在下一篇。（2）导出的行号设置。很多人可能会遇到的错误是：
         异常类型: COMException
         异常消息: 异常来自 HRESULT:0x800A03EC
    这个问题主要是因为导出的行号设置不对所引起的异常。在这个方法中使用到行号的有：
    《1》excelSheet.get_Range(excelSheet.Cells[1, 1 + j], excelSheet.Cells[rowCount + 1, 1 + j]).NumberFormatLocal = "@";
    《2》excelSheet.get_Range("A1", excelSheet.Cells[rowCount + 1, colCount]).Value2 = dataArray;
    需注意的是excelSheet.Cells[1, 1 + j],，如果有标题的情况下，必须把标题行去掉，所以开始行是1,
        这样就算结尾了，第一篇文章，请大家多多指教。谢谢。


    ==============================================================================================
    下面是自己的一些实验：


    具体的配置过程如下:
    1:在服务器上安装Excel.
    2:文件工作目录添加everyone用户并且拥有修改的权限.
    3:在web.config文件中加入:
    <identity impersonate="true"/>   

    C#-Doce //上传excel文件
        protected void flUpload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (txtFile.FileContent.Length > 0)
            {
                string fileName = txtFile.FileName;
                string extensionName = Path.GetExtension(fileName).ToLower();
                if (extensionName.Equals(".xls") || extensionName.Equals(".xlsx"))
                {
                    fileName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(fileName) + DateTime.Now.ToString("-yyyyMMddhhmmss") + extensionName;
                    string physicalPath = Request.PhysicalApplicationPath + "ExcelFiles\\";
                    if (Directory.Exists(physicalPath))
                        Directory.CreateDirectory(physicalPath);
                    string mapPath = Server.MapPath(YQKC.Common.WebUtility.app() + "ExcelFiles/" + fileName);
                    FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(mapPath);
                    txtFile.SaveAs(mapPath);
                    GetExcelContent(mapPath, extensionName);
                }
                else
                {
                    ScriptManager.RegisterStartupScript(this, this.GetType(), "", "alert('格式不正确！');", true);
                }
            }
        }

        //导入
        private void GetExcelContent(string filepath, string extensionName)
        {
            try
            {
                string connString = (extensionName.Equals("xls"))
                    ? "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + filepath + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1'"
                    : "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" + filepath + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 12.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\"";
                System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection conn = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(connString);
                conn.Open();
                System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand command = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand("SELECT * FROM [盘点单$]", conn);

                DataTable dt = (DataTable)Session["DataTable"];
                DataRow dr;
                for (int ii = 0; ii < int.Parse(hdfrindex.Value); ii++)
                {
                    TextBox tb0 = (TextBox)GVList.Rows[ii].FindControl("Txtsl");
                    TextBox tb1 = (TextBox)GVList.Rows[ii].FindControl("Txtmxbz");
                    TextBox tb2 = (TextBox)GVList.Rows[ii].FindControl("Txtzmkc");
                    TextBox tb3 = (TextBox)GVList.Rows[ii].FindControl("Txtgx");
                    HiddenField hd = (HiddenField)GVList.Rows[ii].FindControl("HDGX");
                    if (dt.Rows[ii]["rIndex"].ToString() != "-1")
                    {
                        dt.Rows[ii]["Quantity"] = tb0.Text.Trim(); dt.Rows[ii]["OI"] = tb1.Text.Trim();
                        dt.Rows[ii]["BQ"] = tb2.Text.Trim();
                    }//写入数量
                }
                DataRow[] drs = dt.Select("rIndex = '-1'");
                for (int ii = 0; ii < drs.Length; ii++)
                {
                    dt.Rows.Remove(drs[ii]);
                }

                int cIndex = int.Parse(hdfcindex.Value);//修改时的行号
                int gIndex = int.Parse(hdfrindex.Value);//新增时的行号
                gIndex = gIndex < cIndex ? cIndex : gIndex;//修正gIndex
                int i = gIndex > cIndex - 1 && gIndex > 0 ? cIndex : gIndex;//当前编辑行号

                using (System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataReader sdr = command.ExecuteReader())
                {
                    if (sdr.HasRows)
                    {
                        while (sdr.Read())
                        {
                            string id = sdr[0].ToString();
                            if (id.Equals("")) { continue; }
                            if (dt.Select("GoodsID='" + id + "'").Length > 0) { continue; }
                            dr = dt.NewRow();
                            dr["ID"] = "0";
                            dr["GoodsID"] = id;
                            dr["Code"] = sdr[1].ToString();
                            dr["Name"] = sdr[2].ToString();
                            dr["Unit"] = sdr[3];
                            dr["Model"] = sdr[4].ToString();
                            dr["BQ"] = sdr[5].ToString();
                            dr["Quantity"] = sdr[6].ToString();
                            dr["ImgNum"] = sdr[7].ToString();
                            dr["OI"] = sdr[8].ToString();
                            dr["rIndex"] = i;
                            dt.Rows.Add(dr);
                            i++;
                        }
                    }
                }
                gIndex = i;
                gIndex = gIndex > cIndex ? gIndex : gIndex + 1;
                hdfrindex.Value = gIndex.ToString();//保存当前的gIndex
                if (dt.Rows[dt.Rows.Count - 2]["rIndex"].ToString() != "-1" && gIndex >= dt.Rows.Count)
                {
                    dt = addRows(dt);//满10行自动增加1行
                }
                if (dt.Rows.Count < 12)
                {
                    int counts = 12 - dt.Rows.Count;
                    for (int j = 0; j < counts; j++)
                    {
                        dt = addRows(dt);//满10行自动增加1行
                    }
                }
                dt.Dispose();
                Session["DataTable"] = dt;
                GVList.DataSource = (DataTable)Session["DataTable"];
                GVList.DataBind();
                conn.Close();
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                ScriptManager.RegisterStartupScript(this, this.GetType(), "", "alert('导入失败！')", true);

            }
        }

        //导出
        protected void lkbOutExcel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            GridViewToExcel(GVList, "盘点单");
        }

        #region
        /// <summary>
        /// 将GridView中的数据导入到Excel中
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="datagridview">GridView</param>
        /// <param name="SheetName">Excel sheet title</param>
        public void GridViewToExcel(GridView datagridview, string SheetName)
        {
            GC.Collect();
            int iRows = 0;
            int iCols = 0;
            int iTrueCols = 0;
            int notEmptyRow = 0;
            iTrueCols = datagridview.Columns.Count;
            iRows = datagridview.Rows.Count;
            for (int i = 0; i < datagridview.Columns.Count; i++)
            {
                if (datagridview.Columns[i].Visible) iCols++;
            }
            string[,] dimArray = new string[iRows, iCols];
            dimArray[0, 0] = "ID";
            for (int j = 1, k = 1; j < iTrueCols; j++)
            {
                if (datagridview.Columns[j].Visible)
                {
                    dimArray[0, k] = datagridview.Columns[j].HeaderText;
                    k++;
                }
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < iRows - 1; i++)
            {
                if (!datagridview.DataKeys[i]["rIndex"].ToString().Equals("-1"))
                {
                    dimArray[i + 1, 0] = datagridview.DataKeys[i]["GoodsID"].ToString();
                    dimArray[i + 1, 1] = datagridview.Rows[i].Cells[1].Text;
                    dimArray[i + 1, 2] = ((TextBox)datagridview.Rows[i].FindControl("Txtmc")).Text;
                    dimArray[i + 1, 3] = datagridview.Rows[i].Cells[3].Text;
                    dimArray[i + 1, 4] = datagridview.Rows[i].Cells[4].Text;
                    dimArray[i + 1, 5] = ((TextBox)datagridview.Rows[i].FindControl("Txtzmkc")).Text;
                    dimArray[i + 1, 6] = ((TextBox)datagridview.Rows[i].FindControl("Txtsl")).Text;
                    dimArray[i + 1, 7] = ((TextBox)datagridview.Rows[i].FindControl("TxtImgNum")).Text;
                    dimArray[i + 1, 8] = ((TextBox)datagridview.Rows[i].FindControl("Txtmxbz")).Text;
                    notEmptyRow++;
                }
            }
            if (dimArray.Length > 0)
            {
                excel::Application app = null;
                excel::Workbook wb = null;
                excel::Worksheet ws = null;
                try
                {
                    app = new excel::Application();
                    wb = app.Workbooks.Add(Missing.Value);
                    if (wb.Worksheets.Count > 0)
                    {
                        ws = (excel::Worksheet)wb.Worksheets.get_Item(1);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        wb.Worksheets.Add(Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
                        ws = (excel::Worksheet)wb.Worksheets.get_Item(1);
                    }
                    if (ws != null)
                    {
                        if (SheetName.Trim() != "")
                        {
                            ws.Name = SheetName;
                        }
                        ws.get_Range(ws.Cells[1, 1], ws.Cells[iRows, iCols]).Value2 = dimArray;
                        ws.get_Range(ws.Cells[1, 1], ws.Cells[1, iCols]).Font.Bold = true;
                        ws.get_Range(ws.Cells[1, 1], ws.Cells[iRows, iCols]).Font.Size = 10.0;
                        ws.get_Range(ws.Cells[1, 1], ws.Cells[iRows, iCols]).RowHeight = 14.25;
                        ws.get_Range(ws.Cells[1, 1], ws.Cells[1, iCols]).Select();
                        ws.get_Range(ws.Cells[1, 1], ws.Cells[1, iCols]).Columns.AutoFit();
                    }
                    app.Visible = false;
                    string path = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(".") + "\\" + SheetName  + DateTime.Now.ToString("-yyyyMMddhhmmss") + ".xls";
                    wb.SaveCopyAs(path);
                    wb.Close(false, null, null);
                    app.Quit();
                    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(wb);
                    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);
                    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(ws);
                    wb = null;
                    app = null;
                    ws = null;
                    GC.Collect();
                    FileInfo file = new FileInfo(path);
                    Response.Clear();
                    Response.Charset = "GB2312";
                    Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8; 
                    Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;   filename=" + HttpContext.Current.Server.UrlEncode(file.Name)); 
                    Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", file.Length.ToString());
                    Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
                    Response.WriteFile(file.FullName);
                    Response.End();
                }
                catch (Exception ex) { ScriptManager.RegisterStartupScript(this, this.GetType(), "", "alert('导出失败！');", true); }
                finally
                {
                    if (app != null)
                    {
                        wb.Close(false, null, null);
                        app.Quit();
                        System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(wb);
                        System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);
                        System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(ws);
                        wb = null;
                        app = null;
                        ws = null;
                        GC.Collect();
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                ScriptManager.RegisterStartupScript(this, this.GetType(), "", "alert('数据为空，请输录入数据！');", true);
            }
        }
        #endregion

        
    以上代码可以成功导入导出excel，当然是用com组件读取excel也可以实现同样功能，具体代码就不写了，核心代码如下：

    C#-Code        ///   <summary>  
            ///   读取一个单元格  
            ///   </summary>  
            ///   <param   name="row">行</param>  
            ///   <param   name="column">列</param>  
            ///   <returns></returns>  
            public string ReadText(int row, int column)
            {
                try
                {
                    Excel.Range range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[row, column];
                    return (string)range.Text;
                }
                catch
                {
                    return "";
                }
            }
     

           总结：com组件的导入导出方式比较麻烦，代码也比较复杂，但却是对excel的底层操作，可以设置excel的列宽，字体样式，对齐方式等，导出的是真正excel，这点还是让人比较欣慰的。。。
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/myssh/p/1563024.html
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