部署Python应用

目录

• 安装Python 3.7.5
• 部署文件

安装Python 3.7.5

CentOS默认安装的是2.7.5版本的python

[root@iZuf6e3zah39uzoj5pg1myZ ~]# python -V
Python 2.7.5

• 更新成阿里云yum源

  cd /etc/yum.repos.d
  
  wget http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo下载阿里云的资源文件
  
  mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak 修改原有的源备份
  
  mv Centos-7.repo CentOS-Base.repo 把下载的文件重命名
  
  yum clean all
  
  yum makecache
  
  yum update
  

• 安装一些依赖（不安装有几率报错）

  yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel openssl-static ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel lzma gcc
  
  yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
  

• 下载包

  wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.5/Python-3.8.5.tgz
  

• 解压

  tar -zvxf Python-3.8.5.tgz
  
  cd Python-3.8.5
  

• 安装到指定目录

  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/sbin/python-3.8.5
  
  make && make install
  
  Looking in links: /tmp/tmpf2s9baqm
  Processing /tmp/tmpf2s9baqm/setuptools-47.1.0-py3-none-any.whl
  Processing /tmp/tmpf2s9baqm/pip-20.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
  Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip
  //需要配置python和pip的软链接
    WARNING: The script easy_install-3.8 is installed in '/usr/local/sbin/python-3.8.5/bin' which is not on PATH.
    Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
    WARNING: The scripts pip3 and pip3.8 are installed in '/usr/local/sbin/python-3.8.5/bin' which is not on PATH.
    Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
  Successfully installed pip-20.1.1 setuptools-47.1.0
  
  

• 修改软链接

  [root@iZuf6e3zah39uzoj5pg1myZ bin]# which python
  /usr/bin/python
  
  rm -rf /usr/bin/python
  
  [root@iZuf6e3zah39uzoj5pg1myZ ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/sbin/python-3.8.5/bin/python3.8 /usr/bin/python
  ‘/usr/bin/python’ -> ‘/usr/local/sbin/python-3.8.5/bin/python3.8’
  
  [root@iZuf6e3zah39uzoj5pg1myZ ~]# python -V
  Python 3.8.5
  
  [root@iZuf6e3zah39uzoj5pg1myZ ~]# which pip
  /usr/bin/pip
  
  [root@iZuf6e3zah39uzoj5pg1myZ bin]# ln -s /usr/local/sbin/python-3.8.5/bin/pip3.8 /usr/bin/pip
  ln: failed to create symbolic link ‘/usr/bin/pip’: File exists
  [root@iZuf6e3zah39uzoj5pg1myZ bin]# rm -rf /usr/bin/pip
  [root@iZuf6e3zah39uzoj5pg1myZ bin]# ln -s /usr/local/sbin/python-3.8.5/bin/pip3.8 /usr/bin/pip
  [root@iZuf6e3zah39uzoj5pg1myZ bin]# pip -V
  pip 20.1.1 from /usr/local/sbin/python-3.8.5/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8)
  

• 安装完python导致yum命令无法执行的问题

  vi /usr/bin/yum
  
  把#! /usr/bin/python修改为#! /usr/bin/python2
  
  vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
  
  #! /usr/bin/python 也要修改为#! /usr/bin/python2
  

部署文件

• 关于依赖安装的问题，使用批量安装的方式生成依赖清单，多了很多奇奇怪怪的东西，就直接手动使用pip安装了

• 另外，linux系统无法识别模块的问题通过：

  # Linux下无法识别模块
  import sys
  sys.path.append("/root/BlackFish")
  
  代码结构：
  BlackFish
  -blackfish
    -common
      Blog.py
    -itplatform
      Cnbloggs.py
      Csdn.py
    main.py  
  

• 运行main.py

  nohup python -u main.py &
  
  -u：不通过缓存，直接打印（没有延迟）