https://my.oschina.net/adailinux/blog/2231519
之前写了一篇文章介绍如何更换线上服务器磁盘操作流程，当时是把整体机器的磁盘全部不换掉了，但是最近另一台机器部分磁盘损坏，raid类型为10，经检测，只需要更换坏掉的磁盘即可，补充文档如下。
安装MegaCLI
安装包 下载地址 。
安装过程
# 首先下载获取安装包
# 解压
$ tar -zxf MegaCli8.07.10.tar.gz
$ cd MegaCli8.07.10/Linux/
$ rpm -ivh Lib_Utils-1.00-09.noarch.rpm MegaCli-8.02.21-1.noarch.rpm
# 加入系统环境
$ ln -s /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 /usr/local/bin/MegaCli
$ MegaCli -v
MegaCLI SAS RAID Management Tool Ver 8.02.21 Oct 21, 2011
(c)Copyright 2011, LSI Corporation, All Rights Reserved.
Exit Code: 0x00
# 安装完成！
-
冲突处理：
$ rpm -ivh Lib_Utils-1.00-09.noarch.rpm MegaCli-8.02.21-1.noarch.rpm 准备中... ################################# [100%] file /opt/lsi/3rdpartylibs/x86_64/libsysfs.so.2.0.2 from install of Lib_Utils-1.00-09.noarch conflicts with file from package srvadmin-storelib-sysfs-9.1.0-2757.12163.el7.x86_64 -
原因： Lib_Utils和Dell服务器自带的包srvadmin冲突，直接将其卸载，然后安装即可。
rpm -e srvadmin-storelib-sysfs-9.1.0-2757.12163.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
使用指南
基本用法
# 查raid级别
$ megacli -LDInfo -Lall -aALL
# 查raid卡信息
$ megacli -AdpAllInfo -aALL
# 查看硬盘信息
$ megacli -PDList -aALL
# 查看电池信息
$ megacli -AdpBbuCmd -aAll
# 查看raid卡日志
$ megacli -FwTermLog -Dsply -aALL
# 显示适配器个数
$ megacli -adpCount
# 显示适配器时间
$ megacli -AdpGetTime –aALL
# 显示所有适配器信息
$ megacli -AdpAllInfo -aAll
# 显示所有逻辑磁盘组信息
$ megacli -LDInfo -LALL -aAll
# 显示所有的物理信息
$ megacli -PDList -aAll
# 查看充电状态
$ megacli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL |grep 'Charger Status'
# 显示BBU状态信息
$ megacli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL
# 显示BBU容量信息
$ megacli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo -aALL
# 显示BBU设计参数
$ megacli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo -aALL
# 显示当前BBU属性
$ megacli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties -aALL
# 显示Raid卡型号，Raid设置，Disk相关信息
$ megacli -cfgdsply -aALL
## 磁带状态的变化，从拔盘，到插盘的过程中。
Device |Normal |Damage |Rebuild |Normal
Virtual Drive |Optimal|Degraded|Degraded|Optimal
Physical Drive |Online |Failed Unconfigured|Rebuild|Online
# 查看物理磁盘状态：
$ megacli -PDRbld -ShowProg -PhysDrv [Enclosure Device ID:Slot Number] -a0
## Rebuild 中的物理磁盘状态中会显示："Firmware state: Rebuild"
# 查询 Rebuild 进度：
$ megacli -pdrbld -showprog -physdrv[E:S] -aALL
## 返回内容类似于下面这样：
Rebuild Progress on Device at Enclosure 32, Slot 5 Completed 77% in 101 Minutes.
# 以文本进度条样式显示 Rebuild 进度：
$ megacli -pdrbld -progdsply -physdrv[E:S] -aALL
## 屏幕显示类似下面的内容：
Rebuild progress of physical drives...
Enclosure:Slot Percent Complete Time Elps
032 :05 #######################87 %################******* 01:59:07
Press key to quit...
# 查看 RAID 卡 Rebuild 参数：
$ megacli -AdpAllinfo -aALL | grep -i rebuild
## 返回结果类似下面这样
Rebuild Rate : 30%
Auto Rebuild : Enabled
Rebuild Rate : YesForce
Rebuild : Yes
# 设置 RAID 卡 Rebuild 比例为60%：
$ megacli -AdpSetProp { RebuildRate -60} -aALL
## 设置成功后返回：
Adapter 0: Set rebuild rate to 60% success.
MegaCLI使用方法：http://blog.51cto.com/daixuan/1863567
重要参数
| 参数名称 | 含义 |
|---|---|
| Firmware state | 磁盘状态 |
| Firmware state: Online, Spun Up | 磁盘正常 |
| Firmware state: Unconfigured(good), Spun Up | 磁盘已安装，但未启用 |
| Firmware state: Unconfigured(bad) | 故障， 对应hwcheck的 Non-Critical |
| Firmware state: Failed | 故障， 对应hwcheck的Critical |
| Firmware state: Rebuild | 重建，一般在更换磁盘时显示 |
| Enclosure Device ID: 32 | 设备 |
| Slot Number: 1 | 磁盘在服务器上的槽位 |
| Adapter #0 | 适配器编号，对应 -a 参数 |
实战：raid10环境下替换硬盘
Raid10环境下换硬盘还是很简单的，支持热插拔，直接拔下换掉就可以了，下面是操作步骤。
主要环境
服务器： R720
系统： CentOS7
raid类型：raid10
查看硬盘信息
为了更加清楚的呈现操作过程，未对信息简化处理。
$ MegaCli -PDList -aAll -NoLog
Adapter #0
Enclosure Device ID: 32
Slot Number: 0
Drive's postion: DiskGroup: 0, Span: 0, Arm: 0
Enclosure position: 0
Device Id: 0
WWN: 5000C50076CD09B4
Sequence Number: 1
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0
Predictive Failure Count: 28
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 4378
PD Type: SAS
Raw Size: 558.911 GB [0x45dd2fb0 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 558.411 GB [0x45cd2fb0 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 558.375 GB [0x45cc0000 Sectors]
Firmware state: Unconfigured(good), Spun Up
Device Firmware Level: ES66
Shield Counter: 0
Successful diagnostics completion on : N/A
SAS Address(0): 0x5000c50076cd09b5
SAS Address(1): 0x0
Connected Port Number: 5(path0)
Inquiry Data: SEAGATE ST3600057SS ES666SL8SASQ
FDE Enable: Disable
Secured: Unsecured
Locked: Unlocked
Needs EKM Attention: No
Foreign State: Foreign
Foreign Secure: Drive is not secured by a foreign lock key
Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s
Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s
Media Type: Hard Disk Device
Drive Temperature :40C (104.00 F)
PI Eligibility: No
Drive is formatted for PI information: No
PI: No PI
Drive's write cache : Disabled
Port-0 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s
Port-1 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: Unknown
Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : Yes
Enclosure Device ID: 32
Slot Number: 2
Enclosure position: 0
Device Id: 2
WWN: 5000C50076CD05BC
Sequence Number: 2
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0
Predictive Failure Count: 0
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0
PD Type: SAS
Raw Size: 0 KB [0x0 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 0 KB [0x0 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 0 KB [0x0 Sectors]
Firmware state: Unconfigured(bad)
Device Firmware Level: ES66
Shield Counter: 0
Successful diagnostics completion on : N/A
SAS Address(0): 0x5000c50076cd05bd
SAS Address(1): 0x0
Connected Port Number: 1(path0)
Inquiry Data: SEAGATE ST3600057SS ES666SL8SAVC
FDE Enable: Disable
Secured: Unsecured
Locked: Unlocked
Needs EKM Attention: No
Foreign State: None
Device Speed: Unknown
Link Speed: Unknown
Media Type: Hard Disk Device
Drive: Not Supported
Drive Temperature :0C (32.00 F)
PI Eligibility: No
Drive is formatted for PI information: No
PI: No PI
Drive's write cache : Disabled
Port-0 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: Unknown
Port-1 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: Unknown
Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : No
Enclosure Device ID: 32
Slot Number: 1
Drive's postion: DiskGroup: 0, Span: 0, Arm: 1
Enclosure position: 0
Device Id: 1
WWN: 5000C500983873BC
Sequence Number: 2
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0
Predictive Failure Count: 0
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0
PD Type: SAS
Raw Size: 558.911 GB [0x45dd2fb0 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 558.411 GB [0x45cd2fb0 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 558.375 GB [0x45cc0000 Sectors]
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Device Firmware Level: VT31
Shield Counter: 0
Successful diagnostics completion on : N/A
SAS Address(0): 0x5000c500983873bd
SAS Address(1): 0x0
Connected Port Number: 3(path0)
Inquiry Data: SEAGATE ST600MP0005 VT31S7M1CSLT
FDE Enable: Disable
Secured: Unsecured
Locked: Unlocked
Needs EKM Attention: No
Foreign State: None
Device Speed: Unknown
Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s
Media Type: Hard Disk Device
Drive Temperature :41C (105.80 F)
PI Eligibility: No
Drive is formatted for PI information: No
PI: No PI
Drive's write cache : Disabled
Port-0 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s
Port-1 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: Unknown
Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : No
Enclosure Device ID: 32
Slot Number: 3
Drive's postion: DiskGroup: 0, Span: 1, Arm: 1
Enclosure position: 0
Device Id: 3
WWN: 5000C50076CE2F30
Sequence Number: 2
Media Error Count: 5
Other Error Count: 71
Predictive Failure Count: 15
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 4379
PD Type: SAS
Raw Size: 558.911 GB [0x45dd2fb0 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 558.411 GB [0x45cd2fb0 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 558.375 GB [0x45cc0000 Sectors]
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Device Firmware Level: ES66
Shield Counter: 0
Successful diagnostics completion on : N/A
SAS Address(0): 0x5000c50076ce2f31
SAS Address(1): 0x0
Connected Port Number: 2(path0)
Inquiry Data: SEAGATE ST3600057SS ES666SL8SAKA
FDE Enable: Disable
Secured: Unsecured
Locked: Unlocked
Needs EKM Attention: No
Foreign State: None
Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s
Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s
Media Type: Hard Disk Device
Drive Temperature :48C (118.40 F)
PI Eligibility: No
Drive is formatted for PI information: No
PI: No PI
Drive's write cache : Disabled
Port-0 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s
Port-1 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: Unknown
Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : Yes
Enclosure Device ID: 32
Slot Number: 4
Drive's postion: DiskGroup: 1, Span: 0, Arm: 0
Enclosure position: 0
Device Id: 4
WWN: 5000C5007E70F0F8
Sequence Number: 2
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0
Predictive Failure Count: 0
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0
PD Type: SAS
Raw Size: 558.911 GB [0x45dd2fb0 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 558.411 GB [0x45cd2fb0 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 558.375 GB [0x45cc0000 Sectors]
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Device Firmware Level: ES66
Shield Counter: 0
Successful diagnostics completion on : N/A
SAS Address(0): 0x5000c5007e70f0f9
SAS Address(1): 0x0
Connected Port Number: 0(path0)
Inquiry Data: SEAGATE ST3600057SS ES666SL9F1JB
FDE Enable: Disable
Secured: Unsecured
Locked: Unlocked
Needs EKM Attention: No
Foreign State: None
Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s
Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s
Media Type: Hard Disk Device
Drive Temperature :46C (114.80 F)
PI Eligibility: No
Drive is formatted for PI information: No
PI: No PI
Drive's write cache : Disabled
Port-0 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s
Port-1 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: Unknown
Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : No
Enclosure Device ID: 32
Slot Number: 5
Drive's postion: DiskGroup: 1, Span: 0, Arm: 1
Enclosure position: 0
Device Id: 5
WWN: 5000C5007E708E3C
Sequence Number: 2
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0
Predictive Failure Count: 0
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0
PD Type: SAS
Raw Size: 558.911 GB [0x45dd2fb0 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 558.411 GB [0x45cd2fb0 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 558.375 GB [0x45cc0000 Sectors]
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Device Firmware Level: ES66
Shield Counter: 0
Successful diagnostics completion on : N/A
SAS Address(0): 0x5000c5007e708e3d
SAS Address(1): 0x0
Connected Port Number: 4(path0)
Inquiry Data: SEAGATE ST3600057SS ES666SL9F2RB
FDE Enable: Disable
Secured: Unsecured
Locked: Unlocked
Needs EKM Attention: No
Foreign State: None
Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s
Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s
Media Type: Hard Disk Device
Drive Temperature :45C (113.00 F)
PI Eligibility: No
Drive is formatted for PI information: No
PI: No PI
Drive's write cache : Disabled
Port-0 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s
Port-1 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: Unknown
Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : No
Exit Code: 0x00
由以上信息可知该服务器有6块磁盘(Device Id)。
卸载故障硬盘
$ MegaCli -PDOffline -PhysDrv[32:2] -a0
$ MegaCli -PDOffline -PhysDrv[32:0] -a0
上面命令中 32 和 2 以及 -a0 的对应关系：
Adapter #0
Enclosure Device ID: 32
Slot Number: 2
替换故障硬盘
此时故障硬盘已经OFFLINE，在服务器现场查看时，故障硬盘闪烁的是黄灯，正常硬盘的绿灯； 拔下故障硬盘，插上好硬盘，硬盘灯闪烁为绿色，并硬盘快速旋转，表示硬盘正在rebuild状态，查看状态如下：
$ MegaCli -PDList -aAll -NoLog
...
Enclosure Device ID: 32
Slot Number: 3
...
Firmware state: Rebuild
...
查看rebuild进度
$ MegaCli -PDRbld -ShowProg -PhysDrv[32:2] -aAll
Rebuild Progress on Device at Enclosure 32, Slot 3 Completed 16% in 94 Minutes.
磁盘更换完成
$ MegaCli -PDList -aAll -NoLog | grep 'Firmware state'
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up