python 实现发送邮件的两种方式（send_mail模块发送，smtplib模块发送）
https://www.yiibai.com/python/python_sending_email.html
目录
View Code
addr_from = "测试邮件发送地址"< mymail@gmail.com >"
正文
settings里配置
# EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.qq.com' # 如果是 163 改成 smtp.163.com
EMAIL_PORT = 465 # 端口号
EMAIL_HOST_USER = '306334678@qq.com' # 发送者的邮箱帐号
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = '***' # 发送者的邮箱授权
DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = EMAIL_HOST_USER
#这样收到的邮件，收件人处就会这样显示
#DEFAULT_FROM_EMAIL = 'lqz<'306334678@qq.com>'
EMAIL_USE_SSL = True #使用ssl
#EMAIL_USE_TLS = False # 使用tls
#EMAIL_USE_SSL 和 EMAIL_USE_TLS 是互斥的，即只能有一个为 True
views视图函数
from django.core.mail import send_mail # 导入邮箱模块
from threading import Thread # 导入线程模块
from threading import Thread
t1 = Thread(target=send_mail,args=(
'您的%s文章被%s评论了'%(article_name,user_name),
'这个人评论了：%s'%(content),
settings.EMAIL_HOST_USER,
['1670874977@qq.com'] )) t1.start()
一次性发多封邮件
from django.core.mail import send_mass_mail
message1 = ('第一封邮件标题', '这是邮件内容', 'from@example.com', ['first@example.com', 'other@example.com'])
message2 = ('第二封邮件标题', '这是邮件内容', 'from@example.com', ['second@test.com'])
'''
fail_silently: （可选）布尔值。为 False 时， send_mail 会抛出 smtplib.SMTPException 异常。smtplib 文档列出了所有可能的异常。 这些异常都是 SMTPException 的子类
'''
send_mass_mail((message1, message2), fail_silently=False) # 开始发送多封邮件
'''
send_mail 每次发邮件都会建立一个连接，发多封邮件时建立多个连接。而 send_mass_mail 是建立单个连接发送多封邮件，所以一次性发送多封邮件时 send_mass_mail 要优于 send_mail。
'''
携带附件或发送html文件
from django.core.mail import EmailMultiAlternatives
# subject 主题 content 内容 to_addr 是一个列表，发送给哪些人
msg = EmailMultiAlternatives('邮件标题', '邮件内容', '发送方', ['接收方'])
msg.content_subtype = "html"
# 添加附件（可选）
msg.attach_file('test.txt')
# 发送
msg.send()
各大邮箱smtp服务器及端口
新浪邮箱smtp服务器
外发服务器:smtp.vip.sina.com
收件服务器:pop3.vip.sina.com
新浪免费邮件
外发服务器:smtp.sina.com.cn
收件服务器:pop3.sina.com.cn
163邮箱smtp服务器
pop： pop.163.com
smtp： smtp.163.com
QQ邮箱smtp服务器及端口
接收邮件服务器：imap.exmail.qq.com，使用SSL，端口号993
发送邮件服务器：smtp.exmail.qq.com，使用SSL，端口号465或587
yahoo邮箱smtp服务器
接：pop.mail.yahoo.com.cn
发：smtp.mail.yahoo.com
126邮箱smtp服务器
pop： pop.126.com
smtp： smtp.126.com
新浪免费邮箱
POP3：pop.sina.com
SMTP：smtp.sina.com
SMTP端口号：25
新浪VIP邮箱
POP3：pop3.vip.sina.com
SMTP：smtp.vip.sina.com
SMTP端口号：25
新浪企业邮箱
POP3：pop.sina.com
SMTP：smtp.sina.com
SMTP端口号：25
雅虎邮箱
POP3：pop.mail.yahoo.cn
SMTP：smtp.mail.yahoo.cn
SMTP端口号：25
搜狐邮箱
POP3：pop3.sohu.com
SMTP：smtp.sohu.com
SMTP端口号：25
TOM邮箱
POP3：pop.tom.com
SMTP：smtp.tom.com
SMTP端口号：25
Gmail邮箱
POP3：pop.gmail.com
SMTP：smtp.gmail.com
SMTP端口号：587 或 25
QQ邮箱
POP3：pop.exmail.qq.com
SMTP：smtp.exmail.qq.com
SMTP端口号：25
263邮箱
域名：263.net
POP3：263.net
SMTP：smtp.263.net
SMTP端口号：25
域名：x263.net
POP3：pop.x263.net
SMTP：smtp.x263.net
SMTP端口号：25
域名：263.net.cn
POP3：263.net.cn
SMTP：263.net.cn
SMTP端口号：25
域名：炫我型
POP3：pop.263xmail.com
SMTP：smtp.263xmail.com
SMTP端口号：25
21CN 免费邮箱
POP3：pop.21cn.com
SMTP：smtp.21cn.com
IMAP：imap.21cn.com
SMTP端口号：25
21CN 经济邮邮箱
POP3：pop.21cn.com
SMTP：smtp.21cn.com
SMTP端口号：25
21CN 商务邮邮箱
POP3：pop.21cn.net
SMTP：smtp.21cn.net
SMTP端口号：25
21CN 快感邮箱
POP3：vip.21cn.com
SMTP：vip.21cn.com
SMTP端口号：25
21CN Y邮箱
POP3：pop.y.vip.21cn.com
SMTP：smtp.y.vip.21cn.com
SMTP端口号：25
中华网任我邮邮箱
POP3：rwpop.china.com
SMTP：rwsmtp.china.com
SMTP端口号：25
中华网时尚、商务邮箱
POP3：pop.china.com
SMTP：smtp.china.com
SMTP端口号：25
qq邮箱获取授权码
smtplib模块发送邮件
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
msg_from = '306334678@qq.com' # 发送方邮箱
passwd = '****' # 填入发送方邮箱的授权码(填入自己的授权码，相当于邮箱密码)
msg_to = ['****@qq.com','**@163.com','*****@163.com'] # 收件人邮箱
subject = "邮件标题" # 主题
content = "邮件内容，我是邮件内容，哈哈哈"
# 生成一个MIMEText对象（还有一些其它参数）
# _text_:邮件内容
msg = MIMEText(content)
# 放入邮件主题
msg['Subject'] = subject
# 也可以这样传参
# msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
# 放入发件人
msg['From'] = msg_from
# 放入收件人
msg['To'] = '616564099@qq.com'
# msg['To'] = '发给你的邮件啊'
try:
# 通过ssl方式发送，服务器地址，端口
s = smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.qq.com", 465)
# 登录到邮箱
s.login(msg_from, passwd)
# 发送邮件：发送方，收件方，要发送的消息
s.sendmail(msg_from, msg_to, msg.as_string())
print('成功')
except s.SMTPException as e:
print(e)
finally:
s.quit()
pyhon使用http代理服务器和POP3、SMTP邮件服务器
python标准库已包含对http的支持，通过很简单的办法就可以直接使用http代理服务器获取网页数据：
import httplib
host,port = "192.168.131.54" , "8086" #http proxy server ip and port
url = " http://blog.csdn.net "
conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(host, port)
conn.request(method,url)
print(r.status,r.reason)
print r.read()
python自带的库文件python/lib/poplib.py支持通过pop3接收邮件
该文件末尾自带测试函数，可以直接运行poplib.py：
poplib pop.126.com yourname yourpassword
值得学习的是，在python的库文件中，很多都是自带测试程序，一般在文件末尾，形式如下：
if __name__ == "__main__":
a = POP3("10.3.4.3","3128")
print ="this is a test"
a = POP3("10.3.4.3","3128")
print ="this is a test"
这样，直接运行库文件就可以看到测试效果，同时也不干扰正常的import使用。
如果需要通过代理来访问pop，则需要做一点额外的工作，简单起见，直接在poplib.py上面修改，首先复制一份到自己的工作目录，然后修改 class POP3 的 __init__函数：
def __init__(self, host, port = POP3_PORT):
self.host = "10.3.4.3"
self.port = "3128"
msg = "getaddrinfo returns an empty list"
self.sock = None
for res in socket.getaddrinfo(self.host, self.port, 0, socket.SOCK_STREAM):
af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
try:
self.sock = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto)
self.sock.connect(sa)
except socket.error, msg:
if self.sock:
self.sock.close()
self.sock = None
continue
break
if not self.sock:
raise socket.error, msg
self.file = self.sock.makefile('rb')
self._debugging = 0
self._putline("CONNECT 220.181.15.121:110 HTTP/1.0/r/n") #pop.126.com的ip地址
msg_proxy = self._getline()
msg_proxy = self._getline()
self.welcome = self._getresp()
self.host = "10.3.4.3"
self.port = "3128"
msg = "getaddrinfo returns an empty list"
self.sock = None
for res in socket.getaddrinfo(self.host, self.port, 0, socket.SOCK_STREAM):
af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
try:
self.sock = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto)
self.sock.connect(sa)
except socket.error, msg:
if self.sock:
self.sock.close()
self.sock = None
continue
break
if not self.sock:
raise socket.error, msg
self.file = self.sock.makefile('rb')
self._debugging = 0
self._putline("CONNECT 220.181.15.121:110 HTTP/1.0/r/n") #pop.126.com的ip地址
msg_proxy = self._getline()
msg_proxy = self._getline()
self.welcome = self._getresp()
简单起见，上面的代理服务器和pop服务器的ip地址是直接添上去的，实际使用用时需要适当修改成方便应用的形式。
python通过smtp认证服务器发邮件的操作也是相当简单：
(如需要支持中文，注意指明编码，并保持所有编码一致)
# -*- coding: GB2312 -*-
import smtplib
import smtplib
addr_from = "测试邮件发送地址"< mymail@gmail.com >"
addr_to = "测试邮件接收地址"< mymail@gmail.com >"
smtp = "smtp.gamil.com"
head_format = """To: %s/nFrom: %s/nContent-Type: text/plain;/ncharset="gb2312"/nSubject: Test mail from python/n/n"""
smtp = "smtp.gamil.com"
head_format = """To: %s/nFrom: %s/nContent-Type: text/plain;/ncharset="gb2312"/nSubject: Test mail from python/n/n"""
body = "This is a test mail./nSecond line./n3rd line."
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.changhong.com')
server.login("name","password")
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.changhong.com')
server.login("name","password")
head = head_format%(addr_to,self.addr_from)
msg = head + body
server.sendmail(self.addr_from,addr_to ,msg)
msg = head + body
server.sendmail(self.addr_from,addr_to ,msg)
server.quit()
另外如果需要发送html格式的邮件则又要额外多费一点功夫了，一下是一个简单的发送html格式邮件的py文件，我已经把编码固定成了GB2312：
# -*- coding: GB2312 -*-
class smtp_server:
server = None
subject = "Python mail sender"
addr_from = """PythonMail< abc@126.com >"""
addr_to = """PythonMail< abc@126.com >"""
charset = 'GB2312'
def __init__(self):
import smtplib
self.server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.126.com")
self.server.login("user_name","mypass")
return
def __del__(self):
if(self.server != ""):
self.server.quit()
return
def send(self, addr_from , addr_to ,msg):
self.server.sendmail(addr_from , addr_to , msg)
return
def send_html(self, addr_from , addr_to ,html , subject):
msg = self.create_html_mail(html,None,subject,addr_from,addr_to)
self.send(addr_from,addr_to,msg)
return
def create_html_mail(self,html, text=None ,subject=None, addr_from=None , addr_to=None):
"Create a mime-message that will render as HTML or text, as appropriate"
import MimeWriter
import mimetools
import cStringIO
import base64
charset = self.charset
if subject is None:
subject=self.subject
if addr_from is None:
addr_from=self.addr_from
if addr_to is None:
addr_to=self.addr_to
if text is None:
# Produce an approximate textual rendering of the HTML string,
# unless you have been given a better version as an argument
import htmllib, formatter
textout = cStringIO.StringIO( )
formtext = formatter.AbstractFormatter(formatter.DumbWriter(textout))
parser = htmllib.HTMLParser(formtext)
parser.feed(html)
parser.close( )
text = textout.getvalue( )
del textout, formtext, parser
out = cStringIO.StringIO( ) # output buffer for our message
htmlin = cStringIO.StringIO(html)
txtin = cStringIO.StringIO(text)
writer = MimeWriter.MimeWriter(out)
# Set up some basic headers. Place subject here
# because smtplib.sendmail expects it to be in the
# message body, as relevant RFCs prescribe.
writer.addheader("From",addr_from)
writer.addheader("To",addr_to)
writer.addheader("Subject", subject)
writer.addheader("MIME-Version", "1.0")
# Start the multipart section of the message.
# Multipart/alternative seems to work better
# on some MUAs than multipart/mixed.
writer.startmultipartbody("alternative")
writer.flushheaders( )
# the plain-text section: just copied through, assuming iso-8859-1
subpart = writer.nextpart( )
pout = subpart.startbody("text/plain", [("charset", charset)])
pout.write(txtin.read( ))
txtin.close( )
# the HTML subpart of the message: quoted-printable, just in case
subpart = writer.nextpart( )
subpart.addheader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "quoted-printable")
pout = subpart.startbody("text/html", [("charset", charset)])
mimetools.encode(htmlin, pout, 'quoted-printable')
htmlin.close( )
# You're done; close your writer and return the message body
writer.lastpart( )
msg = out.getvalue( )
out.close( )
return msg
class smtp_server:
server = None
subject = "Python mail sender"
addr_from = """PythonMail< abc@126.com >"""
addr_to = """PythonMail< abc@126.com >"""
charset = 'GB2312'
def __init__(self):
import smtplib
self.server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.126.com")
self.server.login("user_name","mypass")
return
def __del__(self):
if(self.server != ""):
self.server.quit()
return
def send(self, addr_from , addr_to ,msg):
self.server.sendmail(addr_from , addr_to , msg)
return
def send_html(self, addr_from , addr_to ,html , subject):
msg = self.create_html_mail(html,None,subject,addr_from,addr_to)
self.send(addr_from,addr_to,msg)
return
def create_html_mail(self,html, text=None ,subject=None, addr_from=None , addr_to=None):
"Create a mime-message that will render as HTML or text, as appropriate"
import MimeWriter
import mimetools
import cStringIO
import base64
charset = self.charset
if subject is None:
subject=self.subject
if addr_from is None:
addr_from=self.addr_from
if addr_to is None:
addr_to=self.addr_to
if text is None:
# Produce an approximate textual rendering of the HTML string,
# unless you have been given a better version as an argument
import htmllib, formatter
textout = cStringIO.StringIO( )
formtext = formatter.AbstractFormatter(formatter.DumbWriter(textout))
parser = htmllib.HTMLParser(formtext)
parser.feed(html)
parser.close( )
text = textout.getvalue( )
del textout, formtext, parser
out = cStringIO.StringIO( ) # output buffer for our message
htmlin = cStringIO.StringIO(html)
txtin = cStringIO.StringIO(text)
writer = MimeWriter.MimeWriter(out)
# Set up some basic headers. Place subject here
# because smtplib.sendmail expects it to be in the
# message body, as relevant RFCs prescribe.
writer.addheader("From",addr_from)
writer.addheader("To",addr_to)
writer.addheader("Subject", subject)
writer.addheader("MIME-Version", "1.0")
# Start the multipart section of the message.
# Multipart/alternative seems to work better
# on some MUAs than multipart/mixed.
writer.startmultipartbody("alternative")
writer.flushheaders( )
# the plain-text section: just copied through, assuming iso-8859-1
subpart = writer.nextpart( )
pout = subpart.startbody("text/plain", [("charset", charset)])
pout.write(txtin.read( ))
txtin.close( )
# the HTML subpart of the message: quoted-printable, just in case
subpart = writer.nextpart( )
subpart.addheader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "quoted-printable")
pout = subpart.startbody("text/html", [("charset", charset)])
mimetools.encode(htmlin, pout, 'quoted-printable')
htmlin.close( )
# You're done; close your writer and return the message body
writer.lastpart( )
msg = out.getvalue( )
out.close( )
return msg
if __name__=="__main__":
f = open("test.html", 'r')
html = f.read( )
f.close( )
fromAddr = """PythonMail< abc@126.com >"""
toAddr = """PythonMail< abc@126.com >"""
server = smtp_server()
#message = server.create_html_mail(html)
#server.send(fromAddr, toAddr, message)
server.send_html(fromAddr, toAddr,html,"subject")
f = open("test.html", 'r')
html = f.read( )
f.close( )
fromAddr = """PythonMail< abc@126.com >"""
toAddr = """PythonMail< abc@126.com >"""
server = smtp_server()
#message = server.create_html_mail(html)
#server.send(fromAddr, toAddr, message)
server.send_html(fromAddr, toAddr,html,"subject")
相应修改smtp服务器的地址和认证信息，保存为"html_smtp.py"文件，直接运行即可发送内容为当前目录下名为：“test.html”的html格式邮件
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