使用cpanm安装perl相关模块

cpanm是安装Perl模块的最方便的方法。自动下载安装依赖包。使用CPAN shell或下载源码包安装模块，遇到大量依赖关系，非常头痛。下面就是一例：

1. 安装cpanm
cpanm其实是一个可执行文件而已。将它下载到bin目录，然后添加执行权限就可以了。

# wget http://xrl.us/cpanm -O /usr/bin/cpanm; chmod +x /usr/bin/cpanm

2. 使用cpanm安装模块

# cpanm -h
  -v,--verbose              Turns on chatty output
  -q,--quiet                Turns off the most output
  --interactive             开启交互配置(required for Task:: modules)
  -f,--force                强制安装
  -n,--notest               Do not run unit tests
  --test-only               只测试不安装
  -S,--sudo                 sudo to run install commands
  --installdeps             只安装依赖模块
  --showdeps                只显示依赖信息
  --reinstall               重新安装
  --mirror                  指定镜像url (e.g. http://cpan.cpantesters.org/)
  --mirror-only             只从镜像下载
  --prompt                  Prompt when configure/build/test fails
  -l,--local-lib            Specify the install base to install modules
  -L,--local-lib-contained  Specify the install base to install all non-core modules
  --self-contained          Install all non-core modules, even if they're already installed.
  --auto-cleanup            Number of days that cpanm's work directories expire in. Defaults to 7
 
  Examples:
  cpanm Test::More                                          # install Test::More
  cpanm MIYAGAWA/Plack-0.99_05.tar.gz                       # full distribution path
  cpanm http://example.org/LDS/CGI.pm-3.20.tar.gz           # install from URL
  cpanm ~/dists/MyCompany-Enterprise-1.00.tar.gz            # install from a local file
  cpanm --interactive Task::Kensho                          # Configure interactively
  cpanm .                                                   # install from local directory
  cpanm --installdeps .                                     # install all the deps for the current directory
  cpanm -L extlib Plack                                     # install Plack and all non-core deps into extlib
  cpanm --mirror http://cpan.cpantesters.org/ DBI           # use the fast-syncing mirror

参数名直接为模块名称
如，安装MongoDB模块

# cpanm MongoDB
--> Working on MongoDB
Fetching http://www.cpan.org/authors/id/F/FR/FRIEDO/MongoDB-0.702.0.tar.gz ... OK
Configuring MongoDB-0.702.0 ... OK
==> Found dependencies: DateTime, Tie::IxHash, Data::Types, DateTime::Tiny, Class::Method::Modifiers, boolean, Moose, File::Slurp, Try::Tiny, Test::Exception, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, Test::Warn, File::Temp, JSON
--> Working on DateTime
......  //自动解决依赖模块

为了加快下载速度, 可以指定使用镜像,并只从镜像下载:

# cpanm --mirror http://mirrors.163.com/cpan --mirror-only MongoDB

3. 删除模块
安装App::pmuninstall模块：

# cpanm App::pmuninstall

删除模块：

# pm-uninstall MongoDB

参考网站：

https://metacpan.org/