使用expdp命令自动备份数据库

1、创建目录对象

因为使用expdp命令需要使用到目录对象(directory)，所以首先需要创建目录对象，并赋予某个用户对目录对象的操作权限.

dbserver-> sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Mar 1 00:13:16 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

00:13:16 SYS@ datacenter>create directory expdp_bak_dir as '/arcerzhangoracle/backup_datacenter';

Directory created.

00:13:46 SYS@ datacenter>grant create  any directory to ARCER;

Grant succeeded.

00:14:18 SYS@ datacenter>

 2、编辑自动备份脚本

脚本名称:auto_bak_expdp.sh，内容如下:

#!/bin/bash
export ORACLE_BASE=/arcerzhangoracle/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=datacenter
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
a=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M) 
echo $a
/arcerzhangoracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/expdp ARCER/ARCER owner=ARCER dumpfile=$a.dmp directory=expdp_bak_dir log=$a.log

3、使用cronttab命令，设置系统自动定时执行备份脚本

crontab -e进入编辑页面，加入如下内容，使系统每隔59分钟自动备份数据库一次.

*/59 * * * * /arcerzhangoracle/auto_bak_exp/auto_bak_expdp.sh

4、查看备份脚本内容

dbserver-> pwd
/arcerzhangoracle/backup_datacenter
dbserver-> ll
3584
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 3469312 3 1 00:17 20140301_0016.dmp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall    5403 3 1 00:17 20140301_0016.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 3469312 3 1 00:22 20140301_0022.dmp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall    5403 3 1 00:22 20140301_0022.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 3469312 3 1 00:24 20140301_0024.dmp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall    5403 3 1 00:24 20140301_0024.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 3469312 3 1 00:26 20140301_0026.dmp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall    5403 3 1 00:26 20140301_0026.log

5、数据库自动化备份工作完成