Django Channels
Django 仅仅支持 HTTP协议， Channels 扩展了支持的协议类型， 例如 websocket，chat， IoT.
本身实现基于ASGI协议。 但是你也可以选择 同步模式。
https://channels.readthedocs.io/en/stable/index.html
Channels is a project that takes Django and extends its abilities beyond HTTP - to handle WebSockets, chat protocols, IoT protocols, and more. It’s built on a Python specification called ASGI.
Channels builds upon the native ASGI support available in Django since v3.0, and provides an implementation itself for Django v2.2. Django still handles traditional HTTP, whilst Channels give you the choice to handle other connections in either a synchronous or asynchronous style.
Code Demo
https://github.com/fanqingsong/code_snippet/tree/master/python/django-channel-chat
full copied from official tutorial page
https://channels.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tutorial/index.html#
key code：
backend
# chat/consumers.py import json from channels.generic.websocket import AsyncWebsocketConsumer class ChatConsumer(AsyncWebsocketConsumer): async def connect(self): self.room_name = self.scope['url_route']['kwargs']['room_name'] self.room_group_name = 'chat_%s' % self.room_name # Join room group await self.channel_layer.group_add( self.room_group_name, self.channel_name ) await self.accept() async def disconnect(self, close_code): # Leave room group await self.channel_layer.group_discard( self.room_group_name, self.channel_name ) # Receive message from WebSocket async def receive(self, text_data): text_data_json = json.loads(text_data) message = text_data_json['message'] # Send message to room group await self.channel_layer.group_send( self.room_group_name, { 'type': 'chat_message', 'message': message } ) # Receive message from room group async def chat_message(self, event): message = event['message'] # Send message to WebSocket await self.send(text_data=json.dumps({ 'message': message }))
frontend
<!-- chat/templates/chat/room.html --> <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"/> <title>Chat Room</title> </head> <body> <textarea id="chat-log" cols="100" rows="20"></textarea><br> <input id="chat-message-input" type="text" size="100"><br> <input id="chat-message-submit" type="button" value="Send"> {{ room_name|json_script:"room-name" }} <script> const roomName = JSON.parse(document.getElementById('room-name').textContent); const chatSocket = new WebSocket( 'ws://' + window.location.host + '/ws/chat/' + roomName + '/' ); chatSocket.onmessage = function(e) { const data = JSON.parse(e.data); document.querySelector('#chat-log').value += (data.message + ' '); }; chatSocket.onclose = function(e) { console.error('Chat socket closed unexpectedly'); }; document.querySelector('#chat-message-input').focus(); document.querySelector('#chat-message-input').onkeyup = function(e) { if (e.keyCode === 13) { // enter, return document.querySelector('#chat-message-submit').click(); } }; document.querySelector('#chat-message-submit').onclick = function(e) { const messageInputDom = document.querySelector('#chat-message-input'); const message = messageInputDom.value; chatSocket.send(JSON.stringify({ 'message': message })); messageInputDom.value = ''; }; </script> </body> </html>
Upgrade Reference
https://github.com/narrowfail/django-channels-chat
A small functional person-to-person message center application built using Django. It has a REST API and uses WebSockets to notify clients of new messages and avoid polling.
Architecture
- When a user logs in, the frontend downloads the user list and opens a Websocket connection to the server (notifications channel).
- When a user selects another user to chat, the frontend downloads the latest 15 messages (see settings) they've exchanged.
- When a user sends a message, the frontend sends a POST to the REST API, then Django saves the message and notifies the users involved using the Websocket connection (sends the new message ID).
- When the frontend receives a new message notification (with the message ID), it performs a GET query to the API to download the received message.
https://github.com/justdjango/justchat
This tutorial is for how to build a chat application with Django Channels. The tutorial series can be watched here
https://github.com/danidee10/Chatire
Real time Chat application built with Vue, Django, RabbitMQ and
uWSGI WebSocketsDjango channels.