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  • Hibernate中使用load和get加载的区别

     一. Hibernate使用load机制和使用get加载的区别(重点)

       1.相同点:get 和load他们都可以通过指定的实体类与ID从数据库中读取数据,并返回对应的实例

       2. 不同点:如果找不到符合条件的纪录,get()方法将返回null.而load()将会报出ObjectNotFoundEcception.

        2.1get 是直接从数据库中检索   而load会使用懒加载(延迟加载)产生一个代理对象,属性oid

        2.2 使用load加载,Hibernate会认为该id对应的对象是一定存在的,所以它可以放心的使用,它可以放心的使用代理来 延迟加载该对象。在用到对象中的其他属性数据时才查询数据库,但是万一数据库中不存在该记录,那没办法,只能抛异常。

        2.3 使用get加载,hibernate会确认一下该id对应的数据是否存在,首先在session缓存中查找,然后在二级缓存中查找,还没有就查数据库,数据库中没有就返回null。

        3.测试代码如下:

          3.1创建Hibernate的主配置文件:

      

    <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
              "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
              "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
    
    <!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools.                   -->
    <hibernate-configuration>
        <!-- 配置sessionFactory,表示获取连接,包含连接的四要素 
            注:hibernate 连接的四要素中的名字不能更改,必须是以下的名字
        -->
    <session-factory>
        <!--方言   告诉hibernate,连接的是oracle数据库     -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle9Dialect</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:local:1521:orcl</property>
        <property name="connection.username">scott</property>
        <property name="connection.password">tiger</property>
        <property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver</property>
        <!-- 此标签用于是否在控制台输出sql语句  此处ture表示输出 -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <!--此标签表示引入hiberante的映射文件 -->
        <mapping resource="cn/et/hibernate/lesson02/query/Emp.hbm.xml" />
    </session-factory>
    
    </hibernate-configuration>

      3.2 创建hibernate的隐射文件Emp.hbm.xml

      

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
    <!-- 
        Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse Persistence Tools
    -->
    <hibernate-mapping>
        <class name="cn.et.hibernate.lesson01.Emp" table="EMP" schema="SCOTT">
            <id name="empno" type="java.lang.Short">
                <column name="EMPNO"/>
                <generator class="native" />
            </id>
            <property name="ename" type="java.lang.String">
                <column name="ENAME">
                    <comment>员工姓名</comment>
                </column>
            </property>
            <property name="job" type="java.lang.String">
                <column name="JOB">
                    <comment>员工职位</comment>
                </column>
            </property>
            <property name="mgr" type="java.lang.Short">
                <column name="MGR">
                    <comment>领导编号</comment>
                </column>
            </property>
            <property name="hiredate" type="java.util.Date">
                <column name="HIREDATE">
                    <comment>雇佣日期</comment>
                </column>
            </property>
            <property name="sal" type="java.lang.Double">
                <column name="SAL">
                    <comment>月薪</comment>
                </column>
            </property>
            <property name="comm" type="java.lang.Double">
                <column name="COMM">
                    <comment>奖金</comment>
                </column>
            </property>
            <property name="deptno" type="java.lang.Short">
                <column name="DEPTNO">
                    <comment>所属部门编号</comment>
                </column>
            </property>
        </class>
    </hibernate-mapping>

      3.3创建Emp表的实体类

      

    package cn.et.hibernate.lesson02.query;
    
    import java.util.Date;
    
    /**
     * Emp entity. @author MyEclipse Persistence Tools
     */
    
    public class Emp implements java.io.Serializable {
    
        // Fields
    
        private Short empno;
        private String ename;
        private String job;
        private Short mgr;
        private Date hiredate;
        private Double sal;
        private Double comm;
        private Short deptno;
    
        // Constructors
    
        /** default constructor */
        public Emp() {
        }
    
        /** full constructor */
        public Emp(String ename, String job, Short mgr, Date hiredate, Double sal,
                Double comm, Short deptno) {
            this.ename = ename;
            this.job = job;
            this.mgr = mgr;
            this.hiredate = hiredate;
            this.sal = sal;
            this.comm = comm;
            this.deptno = deptno;
        }
    
        // Property accessors
    
        public Short getEmpno() {
            return this.empno;
        }
    
        public void setEmpno(Short empno) {
            this.empno = empno;
        }
    
        public String getEname() {
            return this.ename;
        }
    
        public void setEname(String ename) {
            this.ename = ename;
        }
    
        public String getJob() {
            return this.job;
        }
    
        public void setJob(String job) {
            this.job = job;
        }
    
        public Short getMgr() {
            return this.mgr;
        }
    
        public void setMgr(Short mgr) {
            this.mgr = mgr;
        }
    
        public Date getHiredate() {
            return this.hiredate;
        }
    
        public void setHiredate(Date hiredate) {
            this.hiredate = hiredate;
        }
    
        public Double getSal() {
            return this.sal;
        }
    
        public void setSal(Double sal) {
            this.sal = sal;
        }
    
        public Double getComm() {
            return this.comm;
        }
    
        public void setComm(Double comm) {
            this.comm = comm;
        }
    
        public Short getDeptno() {
            return this.deptno;
        }
    
        public void setDeptno(Short deptno) {
            this.deptno = deptno;
        }
    
    }

      3.4 创建测试类代码:

      

    package cn.et.hibernate.lesson02.query;
    
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
    import org.hibernate.Transaction;
    import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
    import org.junit.Test;
    
    public class TestHibernate {
        //表示增加
        @Test
        public void test1(){
            //创建sessionFactory
            SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure("/cn/et/hibernate/lesson02/hibernate.cfg.xml").buildSessionFactory();
            Session session = sf.openSession();
            //开启一个事物
            Transaction  t = session.beginTransaction();
            Emp emp = (Emp)session.load(Emp.class,Short.parseShort("7369"));
            t.commit();
        }
    }
    //上述代码可用dubug模式进行调试,加载load 和get ,测试加载的过程
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xushirong/p/7056133.html
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