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Android组件的使用：ListView、GridView

1、ListView的使用

1.1ListView的功能就像之前的Spinner、AutoCompleteTextView中添加额外的资源文件一样，可以把其他资源文件的信息作为一个整体加载到ListView的子列表中。

新建一个listview.xml文件，文件中只有一个ListView组件，组件中的信息需要通过另外一个布局文件加载到ListView中，代码如下：

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <LinearLayout 
 3     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 4     android:layout_width="match_parent"
 5     android:layout_height="match_parent"
 6     android:orientation="vertical" >
 7     
 8     <ListView 
 9         android:id="@+id/lv_showlistviewitem"
10         android:layout_width="match_parent"
11         android:layout_height="wrap_content"> 
12     </ListView>
13 </LinearLayout>

新建listview_extra_layou.xml,代码如下：

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <LinearLayout 
 3     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 4     android:layout_width="match_parent"
 5     android:layout_height="match_parent"
 6     android:orientation="vertical" >
 7     
 8     <ImageView 
 9         android:id="@+id/iv_showimage"
10         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
11         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
12         android:src="@drawable/d1"/>
13     <TextView
14         android:id="@+id/tv_showtextviewinfo"
15         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
16         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
17         android:text="@string/app_name"/>
18     
19 </LinearLayout>

新建Activity类，ListViewDemoActivity，完整代码如下：

 1 package com.example.basiccomponent2;
 2 
 3 import java.util.ArrayList;
 4 import java.util.HashMap;
 5 import java.util.List;
 6 import java.util.Map;
 7 
 8 import android.app.Activity;
 9 import android.os.Bundle;
10 import android.widget.ListView;
11 import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
12 
13 public class ListViewDemoActivity extends Activity {
14     private ListView lv_showlistviewitem = null;
15     private List<Map<String,String>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String,String>>();
16     @Override
17     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
18         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
19         super.setContentView(R.layout.listview_layout);
20         lv_showlistviewitem = (ListView)super.findViewById(R.id.lv_showlistviewitem);
21         //获得listview_extra_layout.xml各组件id名
22         String id_name[] ={
23                 "iv_showimage",
24                 "tv_showtextviewinfo"
25         }; 
26         //获得listview_extra_layout.xml中id名对应的R文件id
27         int id_rid[] = {
28                 R.id.iv_showimage,
29                 R.id.tv_showtextviewinfo
30         };
31         //定义图片数组数据
32         int images[] = {
33                 R.drawable.d1,
34                 R.drawable.d2,
35                 R.drawable.d3
36         };
37         //定义数组数据
38         String info[] = {
39                 "文本1","文本2"
40         };
41         //循环把图片和文本加入到map集合中，再把map集合数据添加到list集合中。
42         for(int i = 0; i<info.length;i++){
43             Map<String,String> map =new  HashMap<String,String>();
44             map.put("iv_showimage", images[i]+"");
45             map.put("tv_showtextviewinfo", info[i]);
46             list.add(map);
47         }
48         //通过adpter加载数据
49         SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, list, R.layout.listview_extra_layout, id_name, id_rid);
50         //组件设置适配器
51         lv_showlistviewitem.setAdapter(adapter);
52     }
53 }

运行效果：

2、GridView的使用

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <LinearLayout 
 3     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 4     android:layout_width="match_parent"
 5     android:layout_height="match_parent"
 6     android:orientation="vertical" >
 7     
 8     <GridView 
 9         android:id="@+id/gv_showinfo"
10         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
11         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
12         android:numColumns="3"/>
13 </LinearLayout>

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 2 <LinearLayout 
 3     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 4     android:layout_width="match_parent"
 5     android:layout_height="match_parent"
 6     android:gravity="center"
 7     android:orientation="vertical" >
 8     
 9     <ImageView
10         android:id="@+id/iv_showgvitemimg"
11         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
12         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
13         android:src="@drawable/ic_launcher"/>
14     <TextView
15         android:id="@+id/tv_showgvitemtxt"
16         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
17         android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
18 </LinearLayout>

 1 package com.example.entity;
 2 
 3 public class GridViewStudent {
 4     private int photo; // 存放学生图片id
 5     private String name; // 存放学生姓名
 6 
 7     /*
 8      * 无参构造方法
 9      */
10     public GridViewStudent(){}
11     /*
12      * 全参构造方法
13      */
14     public GridViewStudent(int photo,String name){
15         this.photo = photo;
16         this.name = name;
17     }
18     /*
19      * gettter方法
20      */
21     public int getPhoto() {
22         return photo;
23     }
24     /*
25      * settter方法
26      */
27     public void setPhoto(int photo) {
28         this.photo = photo;
29     }
30     /*
31      * gettter方法
32      */
33     public String getName() {
34         return name;
35     }
36     /*
37      * settter方法
38      */
39     public void setName(String name) {
40         this.name = name;
41     }
42 
43 }

 1 package com.example.adapter;
 2 
 3 import java.util.List;
 4 
 5 import android.content.Context;
 6 import android.view.LayoutInflater;
 7 import android.view.View;
 8 import android.view.ViewGroup;
 9 import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
10 import android.widget.ImageView;
11 import android.widget.TextView;
12 
13 import com.example.activity.R;
14 import com.example.entity.GridViewStudent;
15 
16 public class GridViewDemoAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
17 
18     private Context context;            //定义上下文属性(即传过来的GridViewDemoActivity类)
19     private int resource;               //定义资源文件(即传过来的gridviewdemo_item_layout.xml文件)
20     private List<GridViewStudent> list; //定义list集合，类型为GridViewStudent
21     private LayoutInflater inflater;    //定义装载布局
22     /*
23      * 全参构造方法，为类中的属性初始化
24      */
25     public GridViewDemoAdapter(Context context,int resource,List<GridViewStudent> list){
26         this.context = context;
27         this.resource = resource;
28         this.list = list;
29         inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);//初始化LayoutInflater
30     }
31     /*
32      * 获取item个数
33      */
34     @Override
35     public int getCount() {
36         //如果list集合不为空，则返回集合大小，否则返回0
37         if(list != null){
38             return list.size();
39         }
40         return 0;
41     }
42     /*
43      * 获取item
44      */
45     @Override
46     public Object getItem(int position) {
47         return list.get(position);
48     }
49     /*
50      * 获取itemid
51      */
52     @Override
53     public long getItemId(int position) {
54         return 0;
55     }
56     /*
57      *返回一个布局
58      */
59     @Override
60     public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
61         if(convertView==null){
62             convertView = inflater.inflate(resource, null);
63         }
64         TextView tv_showgvitemtxt = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv_showgvitemtxt);
65         ImageView iv_showgvitemimg = (ImageView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.iv_showgvitemimg);
66         tv_showgvitemtxt.setText(list.get(position).getName());
67         iv_showgvitemimg.setImageResource(list.get(position).getPhoto());
68         return convertView;
69     }
70 
71 }

 1 package com.example.activity;
 2 
 3 import java.util.ArrayList;
 4 import java.util.List;
 5 
 6 import android.app.Activity;
 7 import android.os.Bundle;
 8 import android.widget.GridView;
 9 
10 import com.example.adapter.GridViewDemoAdapter;
11 import com.example.entity.GridViewStudent;
12 
13 public class GridViewDemoActivtiy extends Activity {
14     private GridView gv_showinfo = null;    //声明对象
15 
16     private List<GridViewStudent> list = new ArrayList<GridViewStudent>();// 声明list集合，用于存储数据
17 
18     @Override
19     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
20         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
21         super.setContentView(R.layout.gridviewdemo_layout);// 设置容器，
22         gv_showinfo = (GridView) super.findViewById(R.id.gv_showinfo);// 初始化gridview
23         
24         //往list中添加值
25         GridViewStudent gvs1 = new GridViewStudent(R.drawable.ic_launcher, "张三");
26         list.add(gvs1);
27         GridViewStudent gvs2 = new GridViewStudent(R.drawable.ic_launcher, "李四");
28         list.add(gvs2);
29         GridViewStudent gvs3 = new GridViewStudent(R.drawable.ic_launcher, "王五");
30         list.add(gvs3);
31         GridViewStudent gvs4 = new GridViewStudent(R.drawable.ic_launcher, "赵六");
32         list.add(gvs4);
33         GridViewStudent gvs5 = new GridViewStudent(R.drawable.ic_launcher, "王二");
34         list.add(gvs5);
35         GridViewStudent gvs6 = new GridViewStudent(R.drawable.ic_launcher, "钱七");
36         list.add(gvs6);
37         //设置Adapter
38         GridViewDemoAdapter gridViewAdapter = new GridViewDemoAdapter(
39                 GridViewDemoActivtiy.this,
40                 R.layout.gridviewdemo_item_layout,
41                 list);
42         gv_showinfo.setAdapter(gridViewAdapter);
43     }
44 }

运行效果：

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhengweicong/p/3213483.html