zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • 八(二)、常用类之时间 Date、SimpleDateFormat、Calendar、localdate(localdatetime,localtime,localdate)

    一、jdk8之前的常用日期时间API

    1.System类中的currentTimeMills(); 

    1 @Test
    2     public void test() {
    3         //时间戳:1970 00:00:00到当前时间的毫秒数
    4         long time = System.currentTimeMillis();
    5         System.out.println(time);//当前时间戳
    6     }
    7 
    8 }

    2.Java.Utils.Date 和 子类 java.sql.Date

    java.util.Date:

    • 两个构造:new Date() 和 new Date(1612613682684l),
    • 两个方法:toString():显示当前的年月日时分秒;getTime():当前Date对象的毫秒数(时间戳)

    java.sql.Date;对应数据库中的时间;是 java.util.Date 的子类;
            如何实例化?
            sql.Date--》util.Date 直接赋值(多态)
            util.Date--》sql.Date()

    Date 的 before 和 after 

    Date1.after(Date2),当Date1大于Date2时,返回TRUE,当小于等于时,返回false;
    即Date2比Date1小的true/false,当Date2日期比Date1小的时候为true,否则为false

    Date1.before(Date2),当Date1小于Date2时,返回TRUE,当大于等于时,返回false;

    @Test
        public void test() {
            //构造器一:创建当前时间的Date对象
            Date date1 = new Date();
            System.out.println(date1.toString());
            System.out.println(date1.getTime());
            
            //构造器二:创建指定时间的Date对象(过时了)
            Date date2 = new Date(1612613682684l);
            System.out.println(date2.toString());
            
            //创建java.sql.Date 对象
            java.sql.Date date3 = new java.sql.Date(1612613682684l);
            System.out.println(date3.toString());
            
            Date date4 = new Date();
    //        java.sql.Date date5 = (java.sql.Date)date4;
            java.sql.Date date5 = new java.sql.Date(date4.getTime());
            System.out.println(date5);
        }

    3.SimpleDateFormat

     SimpleDateFormat的使用:SimpleDateFormat对日期Date类的格式化和解析

       1.两个操作:

    •      1.1格式化:    日期==》字符串
    •      1.2解析:    字符串==》日期

         2.simpleDateFormate的实例化

    @Test
        public void testSimpleDateFormat() throws ParseException {
            SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat();
            //1.格式化:日期==》字符串
            Date date = new Date();
            System.out.println(date);
            String str = sdf.format(date);
            System.out.println(str);
            
            //2.解析
            String str2= "2/25/21 8:20 PM";
            Date date2 = sdf.parse(str);
            System.out.println(date2);
            /指定格式/
            SimpleDateFormat sdf1 = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
            String strDate = sdf1.format(date);
            System.out.println(strDate);
            System.out.println(sdf1.parse("2021-02-25 08:28:03"));
        }

    练习:

    • 字符串转换为 java.sql.Date;
    • 练习2 计算 1990-01-01 三天打鱼两天晒网  到 2020-9-9是打鱼还是晒网
    1 @Test
    2     public void testExer() throws ParseException {
    3         String birth = "1991-09-28";
    4         SimpleDateFormat fromate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
    5         Date date = fromate.parse(birth);
    6         java.sql.Date sqlDate = new java.sql.Date(date.getTime());
    7         System.out.println(sqlDate);
    8     }
    View Code
     1 @Test
     2     public void TestTotalDays() throws ParseException {
     3         SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
     4         Date date1 = sdf.parse("1990-01-01 00:00:00");
     5         Date date2 = sdf.parse("2020-9-8 00:00:00");
     6         long l1 = date1.getTime();
     7         long l2 = date2.getTime();
     8         double days = (l1-l2)/(1000*60*60*24);
     9         days = Math.abs(days);
    10         if(days%5 == 1 ||days%5 == 2||days%5 == 3 ) {
    11             System.out.println("打鱼");
    12         }else if(days%5 == 4 ||days%5 == 0) {
    13             System.out.println("晒网");
    14         }
    15         System.out.println(days);
    16         
    17     }
    View Code

    4.Calendar

    实例化

    方式一:创建子类对象GregorianCalendar;

    方式二:调用静态方法getInstance;(其实核心也是方式一创建);

    问:为什么Calendar不能直接实例化?

    答:Calendar是一个抽象类抽象类不能实例化。抽象类有构造器,但是不能实例化。抽象类存在的意义为了实现多态;那么就设计到了子类类继承;子类继承了抽象类,那么子类需要实例化;那么父类构造器是必要的;所以抽象类就有了构造器;

    常用方法:

    get set add

    getTime,setTime...

    说明:set操作会改变当前calendar对象的值;23行的calendar日期已经和10行的日期已经不一样了;

     1 @Test
     2     public void testCalendar() {
     3         //实例化:
     4         //方式一:创建其子类对象GregorianCalendar
     5         //方式二:调用他的静态方法;其实也是方式一的类创建的
     6         Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
     7         System.out.println(calendar.getClass());
     8         //常用方法:
     9         //get 
    10         int dayInWeek = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK);
    11         System.out.println("本周的第几天:"+dayInWeek);//周天是1 周一是2 周二是3
    12         int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH);
    13         System.out.println("本月:"+month);//1月是0
    14         int daysInMonth = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
    15         System.out.println("本月的第几天:"+daysInMonth);
    16         int daysInYear = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR);
    17         System.out.println("本年的第几天:"+daysInYear);
    18         int weekInYear = calendar.get(Calendar.WEEK_OF_YEAR);
    19         System.out.println("本年的第几周:"+weekInYear);
    20         //set 修改calendar的值
    21         calendar.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 22);
    22         daysInMonth = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
    23         System.out.println("本月的第几天:"+daysInMonth);
    24         //add 
    25         calendar.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 3);
    26         daysInMonth = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
    27         System.out.println("本月的第几天:"+daysInMonth);
    28         
    29         calendar.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, -3);
    30         daysInMonth = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
    31         System.out.println("本月的第几天:"+daysInMonth);
    32         //getTime() 
    33         Date date = calendar.getTime();
    34         //setTime()
    35         Date date1 = new Date();
    36         calendar.setTime(date1);
    37         
    38     }

    二、jdk8的常用日期时间:localdate,localTime、localdatetime

    1.实例化和常用方法

       实例化:
         now()/now(Zoneld zone)
         of()
        
         get操作:
         getDayOfMonth() getDayOfYear()
         getDayOfWeek()
         getMonth()
         getMonthValue()/getYear()
         getHour()/getMinute()/getSecond
        
         set操作
         withDayOfMonth()  withdayOfYear witchMonth witchYear
        
         其他:
         plusDays() plusWeeks() plusMonths() plusYears plusHours
         minusMonths() minusWeeks() minusDays minusYears() minusHours
        

     1 @Test
     2     public void testSimpleDateFormat() throws ParseException {
     3         //实例化
     4         //now
     5         LocalDate localDate = LocalDate.now();
     6         LocalTime localTime = LocalTime.now();
     7         LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.now();
     8         System.out.println(localDate);
     9         System.out.println(localTime);
    10         System.out.println(localDateTime);
    11         //of
    12         localDate = LocalDate.of(2020, 10, 6);
    13         localTime = LocalTime.of(20, 31, 32);
    14         localDateTime = LocalDateTime.of(2020, 10, 6, 20, 31, 32);
    15         System.out.println(localDate);
    16         System.out.println(localTime);
    17         System.out.println(localDateTime);
    18         
    19         
    20         int DayOfYear = localDateTime.getDayOfYear();
    21         int DayOfMonth = localDateTime.getDayOfMonth();
    22         DayOfWeek DayOfWeek = localDateTime.getDayOfWeek();
    23         Month month = localDateTime.getMonth();
    24         int days = localDateTime.getMonthValue();
    25         System.out.println(DayOfYear);
    26         System.out.println(DayOfMonth);
    27         System.out.println(DayOfWeek);
    28         System.out.println(month);
    29         System.out.println(days);
    30         
    31         LocalDateTime localDateTime1 = localDateTime.withDayOfYear(156);
    32         LocalDateTime localDateTime2 = localDateTime.withDayOfMonth(1);
    33         System.out.println(localDateTime);//不可变;
    34         System.out.println(localDateTime1);
    35         System.out.println(localDateTime2);
    36         
    37         localDateTime = localDateTime.plusDays(3);
    38         System.out.println(localDateTime);
    39         
    40         localDateTime = localDateTime.minusDays(2);
    41         System.out.println(localDateTime);
    42     }

    2.格式化和解析

    • 方式一、预定义格式: ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME;ISO_LOCAL_DATE;ISO_LOCAL_TIME;
    • 方式二、本地格式化: ofLocalizedDateTime();
    • 方式三(常用)、自定义格式: ofPattern("yyyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss")
    @Test
        public void testDateTimeFormatter() {
            LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.now();
            DateTimeFormatter dateTimeFormatter1 = DateTimeFormatter.ISO_LOCAL_DATE_TIME;
            String formate = dateTimeFormatter1.format(localDateTime);
            TemporalAccessor localDateTime1 = dateTimeFormatter1.parse("2021-03-04T21:31:57.895");
            System.out.println(formate);
            System.out.println(localDateTime1);
        
            
            DateTimeFormatter dateTimeFormatter2 = DateTimeFormatter.ofLocalizedDate(FormatStyle.LONG);
            LocalDate localDate = LocalDate.now();
            String formate2 = dateTimeFormatter2.format(localDate);
            TemporalAccessor localDateTime2 = dateTimeFormatter2.parse("March 4, 2021");
            System.out.println("formate2:"+formate2);
            System.out.println(localDateTime2);
            
            
            DateTimeFormatter dateTimeFormatter3 = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd");
            String formate3 = dateTimeFormatter3.format(localDateTime);
            System.out.println("formate3:"+formate3);
            System.out.println(dateTimeFormatter3.parse("2021-03-04"));
            
            
        }

    3.其他:instant

     1 //instant
     2     @Test
     3     public void testInstant() {
     4         //实例
     5         Instant instant = Instant.now();
     6         System.out.println(instant);//格林尼治时间
     7         OffsetDateTime offsetTime = instant.atOffset( ZoneOffset.ofHours(8));
     8         System.out.println(offsetTime);//当前东八区的时间
     9         System.out.println(instant.toEpochMilli());//转当前时间到 1970年1-1的毫秒数
    10         
    11         Instant instant1 = Instant.ofEpochMilli(0);//时间戳转 instant
    12         System.out.println(instant1);
    13         
    14     }
    我从来不相信什么懒洋洋的自由。我向往的自由是通过勤奋和努力实现的更广阔的人生。 我要做一个自由又自律的人,靠势必实现的决心认真地活着。
  • 相关阅读:
    sql count中加条件
    zero-copy总结
    问题诊断神器arthas
    rabbitmq 消息确认
    HttpRunner安装笔记(1)安装环境准备:pyenv安装
    centos7 安装rabbitmq3.4.1-1
    centos7 python2.7.5 升级python3.6.4
    测试面试必会sql(1)
    mysql5.6 无法远程连接问题解决
    Katalon 学习笔记(一)
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lixiuming521125/p/14493018.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看