一 Windows绘图
1 图形绘制
1.1 图形绘制的方式
获取到绘图句柄-设备描述表(DC),使用相应的绘图的API,在设备上绘制图形.
1.2 颜色
R\G\B三色, 每种颜色8位, 共24位颜色.
32位颜色: 颜色数量24位颜色, 多出来的8位表示灰度.
16位: 颜色数量2的16次方.
Win32下,颜色的定义 COLORREF(DWORD), RGB宏定义颜色
COLORREF nColor = RGB( 0, 0, 0 );
COLORREF nColor = RGB( 255,255,255 );
COLORREF nColor = RGB( 255,0, 0 );
从一个颜色中获取RGB三色:
int nBlue = GetBValue( nColor );
int nRed = GetRValue( nColor );
int nGreen= GetGValue( nColor );
1.3 点的绘制和获取
绘制: COLORREF SetPixel(
HDC hdc, //DC句柄
int X, //x坐标
int Y, //y坐标
COLORREF crColor ); // 点的颜色
获取: COLORREF GetPixel(
HDC hdc, //DC句柄
int XPos, //x坐标
int nYPos ); //y坐标
返回指定坐标位置的点的颜色
1.4 直线的绘制
MoveToEx 移动当前点到指定位置
LineTo 从当前点绘制直线到指定位置
View Code
// WinDraw.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include "stdio.h" #include "resource.h" HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL; int g_nDrawType = 0; void DrawPixel( HDC hDC ) { COLORREF nColor = RGB( 0, 0, 0 ); SetPixel( hDC, 100, 100, nColor ); } void GetPixelColor( HDC hDC ) { //获取点的颜色 COLORREF nColor = GetPixel( hDC, 100, 100 ); //获取颜色的三色值 int nRed = GetRValue( nColor ); int nGreen = GetGValue( nColor ); int nBlue = GetBValue( nColor ); CHAR szText[260] = { 0 }; sprintf( szText, "COLOR=%08X, RED=%d GREEN=%d BLUE=%d", nColor, nRed, nGreen, nBlue ); MessageBox( NULL, szText, "WinDraw", MB_OK ); } void DrawLine( HDC hDC ) { MoveToEx( hDC, 0, 0, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, 500, 500 ); MoveToEx( hDC, 500, 0, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, 0, 500 ); } void OnPaint( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { PAINTSTRUCT ps = { 0 }; HDC hDC = BeginPaint( hWnd, &ps ); switch( g_nDrawType ) { case ID_SETPIXEL: DrawPixel( hDC ); break; case ID_GETPIXEL: GetPixelColor( hDC ); break; case ID_LINE: DrawLine( hDC ); break; } EndPaint( hWnd, &ps ); } void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { int nCmdID = LOWORD( wParam ); switch( nCmdID ) { case ID_SETPIXEL: case ID_GETPIXEL: case ID_LINE: //保存绘制图形类型 g_nDrawType = nCmdID; //刷新窗口 InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_EXIT: PostQuitMessage( 0 ); break; } } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { switch( nMsg ) { case WM_PAINT: OnPaint( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); break; case WM_COMMAND: OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage( 0 ); return 0; } return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); } BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ) { WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 }; wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); wce.cbClsExtra = 0; wce.cbWndExtra = 0; wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_BTNFACE+1); wce.hCursor = NULL; wce.hIcon = NULL; wce.hIconSm = NULL; wce.hInstance = g_hInst; wce.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName; wce.lpszMenuName = NULL; wce.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW; ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce ); if( 0 == nAtom ) { return FALSE; } return TRUE; } HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ) { HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu( g_hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MAIN) ); HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, pszClassName, "MyWnd", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, hMenu, g_hInst, NULL ); return hWnd; } void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd ) { ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW ); UpdateWindow( hWnd ); } void Message( ) { MSG msg = { 0 }; while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) ) { TranslateMessage( &msg ); DispatchMessage( &msg ); } } int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { g_hInst = hInstance; RegisterWnd( "MYWND" ); HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" ); DisplayWnd( hWnd ); Message( ); return 0; }
1.5 弧的绘制
Arc和AngleArc提供不同的绘制弧的方式:
1.5.1 BOOL Arc( HDC hdc,
int nLeftRect, // 外切矩形的坐标
int nTopRect,//外切矩形的坐标
int nRightRect,//外切矩形的坐标
int nBottomRect,//外切矩形的坐标
int nXStartArc,//起始切割半径的X坐标
int nYStartArc,//起始切割半径的Y坐标
int nXEndArc, //终止切割半径的X坐标
int nYEndArc ); //终止切割半径的X坐标
可以使用SetArcDirection函数,设置Arc函数
切割方向:顺时针和逆时针.
1.5.2 BOOL AngleArc(
HDC hdc, // handle to device context
int X, //圆心的X坐标
int Y, //圆心的Y坐标
DWORD dwRadius,//圆的半径
FLOAT eStartAngle,//开始角度
FLOAT eSweepAngle );//夹角
View Code
// WinDraw.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include "stdio.h" #include "resource.h" HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL; int g_nDrawType = 0; void DrawPixel( HDC hDC ) { COLORREF nColor = RGB( 0, 0, 0 ); SetPixel( hDC, 100, 100, nColor ); } void GetPixelColor( HDC hDC ) { //获取点的颜色 COLORREF nColor = GetPixel( hDC, 100, 100 ); //获取颜色的三色值 int nRed = GetRValue( nColor ); int nGreen = GetGValue( nColor ); int nBlue = GetBValue( nColor ); CHAR szText[260] = { 0 }; sprintf( szText, "COLOR=%08X, RED=%d GREEN=%d BLUE=%d", nColor, nRed, nGreen, nBlue ); MessageBox( NULL, szText, "WinDraw", MB_OK ); } void DrawLine( HDC hDC ) { MoveToEx( hDC, 0, 0, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, 500, 500 ); MoveToEx( hDC, 500, 0, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, 0, 500 ); } void DrawArc( HDC hDC ) { //逆时针的方式 SetArcDirection( hDC, AD_COUNTERCLOCKWISE ); //通过外切矩形和切割线 Arc( hDC, 400, 200, 500, 300, 500, 200, 400, 200); //顺时针的方式 SetArcDirection( hDC, AD_CLOCKWISE ); Arc( hDC, 500, 200, 600, 300, 600, 200, 500, 200); MoveToEx( hDC, 200, 200, NULL ); //指定圆心和角度 AngleArc( hDC, 200, 200, 100, 60, 240 ); LineTo( hDC, 200, 200 ); } void OnPaint( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { PAINTSTRUCT ps = { 0 }; HDC hDC = BeginPaint( hWnd, &ps ); switch( g_nDrawType ) { case ID_SETPIXEL: DrawPixel( hDC ); break; case ID_GETPIXEL: GetPixelColor( hDC ); break; case ID_LINE: DrawLine( hDC ); break; case ID_ARC: DrawArc( hDC ); break; } EndPaint( hWnd, &ps ); } void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { int nCmdID = LOWORD( wParam ); switch( nCmdID ) { case ID_SETPIXEL: case ID_GETPIXEL: case ID_LINE: case ID_ARC: //保存绘制图形类型 g_nDrawType = nCmdID; //刷新窗口 InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_EXIT: PostQuitMessage( 0 ); break; } } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { switch( nMsg ) { case WM_PAINT: OnPaint( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); break; case WM_COMMAND: OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage( 0 ); return 0; } return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); } BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ) { WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 }; wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); wce.cbClsExtra = 0; wce.cbWndExtra = 0; wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_BTNFACE+1); wce.hCursor = NULL; wce.hIcon = NULL; wce.hIconSm = NULL; wce.hInstance = g_hInst; wce.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName; wce.lpszMenuName = NULL; wce.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW; ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce ); if( 0 == nAtom ) { return FALSE; } return TRUE; } HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ) { HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu( g_hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MAIN) ); HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, pszClassName, "MyWnd", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, hMenu, g_hInst, NULL ); return hWnd; } void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd ) { ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW ); UpdateWindow( hWnd ); } void Message( ) { MSG msg = { 0 }; while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) ) { TranslateMessage( &msg ); DispatchMessage( &msg ); } } int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { g_hInst = hInstance; RegisterWnd( "MYWND" ); HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" ); DisplayWnd( hWnd ); Message( ); return 0; }
1.6 折线
1.6.1 BOOL Polyline(
HDC hdc, //DC句柄
CONST POINT *lppt,//Polyline顶点的坐标数组
int cPoints ); //顶点数组的长度
1.6.2 PolylineTo 与Polyline类似, 只是在绘制Polyline前,从当前点使用LineTo绘制直线到Polyline的第一个顶点.
1.6.3 绘制多组折线 PolyPolyline
BOOL PolyPolyline( HDC hdc,
CONST POINT *lppt,//所有点的数组
CONST DWORD *lpdwPolyPoints,//每组点的数量
DWORD cCount );//分组的数量
例如:
DWORD nGroup[] = { 4, 3 };
PolyPolyline( hDC, ptPolyLine,nGroup, 2 );
1.7 Bezier曲线
BOOL PolyBezier(HDC hdc,
CONST POINT *lppt,//点数组,最少4个点
DWORD cPoints );//点的数量
4个点: 1和4是端点,2.3点是控制点
7个点: 1.4.7是端点,其余是控制点
1.8 多样式的线条
BOOL PolyDraw( HDC hdc,
CONST POINT *lppt,//各个点的数组
CONST BYTE *lpbTypes, //从某点到下一点的绘制方式 pointer to line and curve identifiers
int cCount); //点的数量
lpbTypes - PT_MOVETO 移动到该点
PT_LINETO 绘直线
PT_BIZERTO Biezer曲线
1.9 矩形的绘制
1.9.1 普通矩形 Rectangle
1.9.2 带圆角的矩形
BOOL RoundRect( HDC hdc,
int nLeftRect, //左上X坐标
int nTopRect, //左上Y坐标
int nRightRect,//右下X坐标
int nBottomRect, //右下Y坐标
int nWidth, //生成圆角的椭圆的宽度
int nHeight );//生成圆角的椭圆的高度
1.10 椭圆和圆
BOOL Ellipse( HDC hdc,
int nLeftRect, //外切矩形左上X坐标
int nTopRect,//外切矩形左上Y坐标
int nRightRect, //外切矩形右下X坐标
int nBottomRect); //外切矩形右下Y坐标
1.11 饼Pie
BOOL Pie( HDC hdc,
int nLeftRect, //外切矩形左上X坐标
int nTopRect, //外切矩形左上Y坐标
int nRightRect, //外切矩形右下X坐标
int nBottomRect, //外切矩形右下Y坐标
int nXRadial1,//切割起始半径X坐标
int nYRadial1,//切割起始半径Y坐标
int nXRadial2,//切割终止半径X坐标
int nYRadial2 );//切割终止半径Y坐标
View Code
// WinDraw.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include "stdio.h" #include "resource.h" HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL; int g_nDrawType = 0; void DrawPixel( HDC hDC ) { COLORREF nColor = RGB( 0, 0, 0 ); SetPixel( hDC, 100, 100, nColor ); } void GetPixelColor( HDC hDC ) { //获取点的颜色 COLORREF nColor = GetPixel( hDC, 100, 100 ); //获取颜色的三色值 int nRed = GetRValue( nColor ); int nGreen = GetGValue( nColor ); int nBlue = GetBValue( nColor ); CHAR szText[260] = { 0 }; sprintf( szText, "COLOR=%08X, RED=%d GREEN=%d BLUE=%d", nColor, nRed, nGreen, nBlue ); MessageBox( NULL, szText, "WinDraw", MB_OK ); } void DrawLine( HDC hDC ) { MoveToEx( hDC, 0, 0, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, 500, 500 ); MoveToEx( hDC, 500, 0, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, 0, 500 ); } void DrawArc( HDC hDC ) { //逆时针的方式 SetArcDirection( hDC, AD_COUNTERCLOCKWISE ); //通过外切矩形和切割线 Arc( hDC, 400, 200, 500, 300, 500, 200, 400, 200); //顺时针的方式 SetArcDirection( hDC, AD_CLOCKWISE ); Arc( hDC, 500, 200, 600, 300, 600, 200, 500, 200); MoveToEx( hDC, 200, 200, NULL ); //指定圆心和角度 AngleArc( hDC, 200, 200, 100, 60, 240 ); LineTo( hDC, 200, 200 ); } void DrawPolyLine( HDC hDC ) { POINT ptPolyLine[7] = { 0 }; ptPolyLine[0].x = 100; ptPolyLine[0].y = 100; ptPolyLine[1].x = 200; ptPolyLine[1].y = 100; ptPolyLine[2].x = 200; ptPolyLine[2].y = 200; ptPolyLine[3].x = 300; ptPolyLine[3].y = 200; ptPolyLine[4].x = 300; ptPolyLine[4].y = 300; ptPolyLine[5].x = 400; ptPolyLine[5].y = 300; ptPolyLine[6].x = 400; ptPolyLine[6].y = 400; //Polyline( hDC, ptPolyLine, 7 ); //PolylineTo( hDC, ptPolyLine, 3 ); DWORD nGroup[] = { 4, 3 }; PolyPolyline( hDC, ptPolyLine,nGroup, 2 ); } void DrawBizer( HDC hDC ) { POINT ptBizer[7] = { 0 }; ptBizer[0].x = 100; //端点 ptBizer[0].y = 100; // ptBizer[1].x = 100; //控制点 ptBizer[1].y = 50; // ptBizer[2].x = 300; //控制点 ptBizer[2].y = 150; // ptBizer[3].x = 300; //端点 ptBizer[3].y = 100; // ptBizer[4].x = 300; //控制点 ptBizer[4].y = 400; ptBizer[5].x = 400; //控制点 ptBizer[5].y = 200; ptBizer[6].x = 500; //端点 ptBizer[6].y = 300; PolyBezier( hDC, ptBizer, 7 ); MoveToEx( hDC, ptBizer[0].x, ptBizer[0].y, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, ptBizer[1].x, ptBizer[1].y ); MoveToEx( hDC, ptBizer[3].x, ptBizer[3].y, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, ptBizer[2].x, ptBizer[2].y ); } void DrawPolyDraw( HDC hDC ) { POINT ptDraw[4] = { 0 }; ptDraw[0].x = 100; ptDraw[0].y = 100; ptDraw[1].x = 200; ptDraw[1].y = 100; ptDraw[2].x = 200; ptDraw[2].y = 200; ptDraw[3].x = 300; ptDraw[3].y = 200; BYTE ptType[4] = {0}; ptType[0] = PT_MOVETO; ptType[1] = PT_LINETO; ptType[2] = PT_MOVETO; ptType[3] = PT_LINETO; PolyDraw( hDC, ptDraw, ptType, 4 ); } void DrawRect( HDC hDC ) { //矩形 Rectangle( hDC, 100, 100, 200, 200 ); //带圆角矩形 RoundRect( hDC, 300, 100, 400, 200, 50, 50 ); } void DrawEllipse( HDC hDC ) { //圆 Ellipse( hDC, 100, 100, 200, 200 ); //椭圆 Ellipse( hDC, 300, 100, 500, 200 ); } void DrawPie( HDC hDC ) { Pie( hDC, 100, 100, 500, 400, 500, 100, 100, 100 ); } void OnPaint( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { PAINTSTRUCT ps = { 0 }; HDC hDC = BeginPaint( hWnd, &ps ); switch( g_nDrawType ) { case ID_SETPIXEL: DrawPixel( hDC ); break; case ID_GETPIXEL: GetPixelColor( hDC ); break; case ID_LINE: DrawLine( hDC ); break; case ID_ARC: DrawArc( hDC ); break; case ID_POLYLINE: DrawPolyLine( hDC ); break; case ID_DRAWBIZER: DrawBizer( hDC ); break; case ID_POLYDRAW: DrawPolyDraw( hDC ); break; case ID_RECT: DrawRect( hDC ); break; case ID_ELLIPSE: DrawEllipse( hDC ); break; case ID_PIE: DrawPie( hDC ); break; } EndPaint( hWnd, &ps ); } void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { int nCmdID = LOWORD( wParam ); switch( nCmdID ) { case ID_SETPIXEL: case ID_GETPIXEL: case ID_LINE: case ID_ARC: case ID_POLYLINE: case ID_DRAWBIZER: case ID_POLYDRAW: case ID_RECT: case ID_ELLIPSE: case ID_PIE: //保存绘制图形类型 g_nDrawType = nCmdID; //刷新窗口 InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_EXIT: PostQuitMessage( 0 ); break; } } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { switch( nMsg ) { case WM_PAINT: OnPaint( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); break; case WM_COMMAND: OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage( 0 ); return 0; } return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); } BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ) { WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 }; wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); wce.cbClsExtra = 0; wce.cbWndExtra = 0; wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_BTNFACE+1); wce.hCursor = NULL; wce.hIcon = NULL; wce.hIconSm = NULL; wce.hInstance = g_hInst; wce.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName; wce.lpszMenuName = NULL; wce.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW; ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce ); if( 0 == nAtom ) { return FALSE; } return TRUE; } HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ) { HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu( g_hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MAIN) ); HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, pszClassName, "MyWnd", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, hMenu, g_hInst, NULL ); return hWnd; } void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd ) { ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW ); UpdateWindow( hWnd ); } void Message( ) { MSG msg = { 0 }; while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) ) { TranslateMessage( &msg ); DispatchMessage( &msg ); } } int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { g_hInst = hInstance; RegisterWnd( "MYWND" ); HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" ); DisplayWnd( hWnd ); Message( ); return 0; }
1.12 弦
BOOL Chord( HDC hdc,
int nLeftRect, //外切矩形左上X坐标
int nTopRect, //外切矩形左上Y坐标
int nRightRect, //外切矩形右下X坐标
int nBottomRect, //外切矩形右下Y坐标
int nXRadial1,//切割起始半径X坐标
int nYRadial1,//切割起始半径Y坐标
int nXRadial2,//切割终止半径X坐标
int nYRadial2 );//切割终止半径Y坐标
1.13 多边形
BOOL Polygon( HDC hdc,
CONST POINT *lpPoints, //多边形的顶点
int nCount ); //顶点的数量
PolyPolygon 可以绘制多组多边形
2 GDI绘图对象 - 画笔
2.1 画笔的作用
可以控制线条的颜色、样式、宽度。
2.2 画笔的使用
2.2.1 创建画笔 CreatePen
HPEN CreatePen(
int fnPenStyle, //画笔的样式
int nWidth, //画笔的宽度
COLORREF crColor);//画笔的颜色
2.2.2 置成当前DC可以使用的画笔
HGDIOBJ SelectObject(
HDC hdc, // 当前DC的句柄
HGDIOBJ hgdiobj );//要使用的GDI对象句柄
返回当前DC原来使用的同类型的GDI对象句柄。
2.2.3 绘制图形
2.2.4 从当前DC中取出画笔,即将旧画笔放入当前DC中
SelectObject( hDC, hOldPen );
2.2.5 销毁画笔
DeleteObject( hPen );
画笔使用时，由于绘图资源有限，一定要注意释放。
View Code
// WinDraw.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include "stdio.h" #include "resource.h" HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL; int g_nDrawType = 0; COLORREF g_nPenColor = RGB( 0, 0, 0 ); int g_nPenStyle = PS_SOLID; int g_nPenWdith = 1; void DrawPixel( HDC hDC ) { COLORREF nColor = RGB( 0, 0, 0 ); SetPixel( hDC, 100, 100, nColor ); } void GetPixelColor( HDC hDC ) { //获取点的颜色 COLORREF nColor = GetPixel( hDC, 100, 100 ); //获取颜色的三色值 int nRed = GetRValue( nColor ); int nGreen = GetGValue( nColor ); int nBlue = GetBValue( nColor ); CHAR szText[260] = { 0 }; sprintf( szText, "COLOR=%08X, RED=%d GREEN=%d BLUE=%d", nColor, nRed, nGreen, nBlue ); MessageBox( NULL, szText, "WinDraw", MB_OK ); } void DrawLine( HDC hDC ) { MoveToEx( hDC, 0, 0, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, 500, 500 ); MoveToEx( hDC, 500, 0, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, 0, 500 ); } void DrawArc( HDC hDC ) { //逆时针的方式 SetArcDirection( hDC, AD_COUNTERCLOCKWISE ); //通过外切矩形和切割线 Arc( hDC, 400, 200, 500, 300, 500, 200, 400, 200); //顺时针的方式 SetArcDirection( hDC, AD_CLOCKWISE ); Arc( hDC, 500, 200, 600, 300, 600, 200, 500, 200); MoveToEx( hDC, 200, 200, NULL ); //指定圆心和角度 AngleArc( hDC, 200, 200, 100, 60, 240 ); LineTo( hDC, 200, 200 ); } void DrawPolyLine( HDC hDC ) { POINT ptPolyLine[7] = { 0 }; ptPolyLine[0].x = 100; ptPolyLine[0].y = 100; ptPolyLine[1].x = 200; ptPolyLine[1].y = 100; ptPolyLine[2].x = 200; ptPolyLine[2].y = 200; ptPolyLine[3].x = 300; ptPolyLine[3].y = 200; ptPolyLine[4].x = 300; ptPolyLine[4].y = 300; ptPolyLine[5].x = 400; ptPolyLine[5].y = 300; ptPolyLine[6].x = 400; ptPolyLine[6].y = 400; //Polyline( hDC, ptPolyLine, 7 ); //PolylineTo( hDC, ptPolyLine, 3 ); DWORD nGroup[] = { 4, 3 }; PolyPolyline( hDC, ptPolyLine,nGroup, 2 ); } void DrawBizer( HDC hDC ) { POINT ptBizer[7] = { 0 }; ptBizer[0].x = 100; //端点 ptBizer[0].y = 100; // ptBizer[1].x = 100; //控制点 ptBizer[1].y = 50; // ptBizer[2].x = 300; //控制点 ptBizer[2].y = 150; // ptBizer[3].x = 300; //端点 ptBizer[3].y = 100; // ptBizer[4].x = 300; //控制点 ptBizer[4].y = 400; ptBizer[5].x = 400; //控制点 ptBizer[5].y = 200; ptBizer[6].x = 500; //端点 ptBizer[6].y = 300; PolyBezier( hDC, ptBizer, 7 ); MoveToEx( hDC, ptBizer[0].x, ptBizer[0].y, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, ptBizer[1].x, ptBizer[1].y ); MoveToEx( hDC, ptBizer[3].x, ptBizer[3].y, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, ptBizer[2].x, ptBizer[2].y ); } void DrawPolyDraw( HDC hDC ) { POINT ptDraw[4] = { 0 }; ptDraw[0].x = 100; ptDraw[0].y = 100; ptDraw[1].x = 200; ptDraw[1].y = 100; ptDraw[2].x = 200; ptDraw[2].y = 200; ptDraw[3].x = 300; ptDraw[3].y = 200; BYTE ptType[4] = {0}; ptType[0] = PT_MOVETO; ptType[1] = PT_LINETO; ptType[2] = PT_MOVETO; ptType[3] = PT_LINETO; PolyDraw( hDC, ptDraw, ptType, 4 ); } void DrawRect( HDC hDC ) { //矩形 Rectangle( hDC, 100, 100, 200, 200 ); //带圆角矩形 RoundRect( hDC, 300, 100, 400, 200, 50, 50 ); } void DrawEllipse( HDC hDC ) { //圆 Ellipse( hDC, 100, 100, 200, 200 ); //椭圆 Ellipse( hDC, 300, 100, 500, 200 ); } void DrawPie( HDC hDC ) { Pie( hDC, 100, 100, 500, 400, 500, 100, 100, 100 ); } void DrawChord( HDC hDC ) { Chord( hDC, 100, 100, 500, 400, 500, 100, 100, 100 ); } void DrawPloygon( HDC hDC ) { POINT ptPloygon[4] = { 0 }; ptPloygon[0].x = 100; ptPloygon[0].y = 100; ptPloygon[1].x = 200; ptPloygon[1].y = 100; ptPloygon[3].x = 600; ptPloygon[3].y = 300; ptPloygon[2].x = 500; ptPloygon[2].y = 300; Polygon( hDC, ptPloygon, 4 ); } void OnPaint( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { PAINTSTRUCT ps = { 0 }; HDC hDC = BeginPaint( hWnd, &ps ); //创建画笔 HPEN hPen = CreatePen( g_nPenStyle, g_nPenWdith, g_nPenColor ); //设置画笔到当前DC HPEN hOldPen = (HPEN) SelectObject( hDC, hPen ); //绘制图形 switch( g_nDrawType ) { case ID_SETPIXEL: DrawPixel( hDC ); break; case ID_GETPIXEL: GetPixelColor( hDC ); break; case ID_LINE: DrawLine( hDC ); break; case ID_ARC: DrawArc( hDC ); break; case ID_POLYLINE: DrawPolyLine( hDC ); break; case ID_DRAWBIZER: DrawBizer( hDC ); break; case ID_POLYDRAW: DrawPolyDraw( hDC ); break; case ID_RECT: DrawRect( hDC ); break; case ID_ELLIPSE: DrawEllipse( hDC ); break; case ID_PIE: DrawPie( hDC ); break; case ID_CHORD: DrawChord( hDC ); break; case ID_POLYGON: DrawPloygon( hDC ); break; } //取出画笔 SelectObject( hDC, hOldPen ); //销毁画笔 DeleteObject( hPen ); EndPaint( hWnd, &ps ); } void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { int nCmdID = LOWORD( wParam ); switch( nCmdID ) { case ID_SETPIXEL: case ID_GETPIXEL: case ID_LINE: case ID_ARC: case ID_POLYLINE: case ID_DRAWBIZER: case ID_POLYDRAW: case ID_RECT: case ID_ELLIPSE: case ID_PIE: case ID_CHORD: case ID_POLYGON: //保存绘制图形类型 g_nDrawType = nCmdID; //刷新窗口 InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_REDPEN: //保存画笔颜色 g_nPenColor = RGB( 255, 0, 0 ); InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_PSDASH: g_nPenStyle = PS_DASH; InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_PEN5: g_nPenWdith = 5; InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_PEN1: g_nPenWdith = 1; InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_EXIT: PostQuitMessage( 0 ); break; } } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { switch( nMsg ) { case WM_PAINT: OnPaint( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); break; case WM_COMMAND: OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage( 0 ); return 0; } return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); } BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ) { WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 }; wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); wce.cbClsExtra = 0; wce.cbWndExtra = 0; wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_BTNFACE+1); wce.hCursor = NULL; wce.hIcon = NULL; wce.hIconSm = NULL; wce.hInstance = g_hInst; wce.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName; wce.lpszMenuName = NULL; wce.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW; ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce ); if( 0 == nAtom ) { return FALSE; } return TRUE; } HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ) { HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu( g_hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MAIN) ); HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, pszClassName, "MyWnd", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, hMenu, g_hInst, NULL ); return hWnd; } void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd ) { ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW ); UpdateWindow( hWnd ); } void Message( ) { MSG msg = { 0 }; while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) ) { TranslateMessage( &msg ); DispatchMessage( &msg ); } } int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { g_hInst = hInstance; RegisterWnd( "MYWND" ); HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" ); DisplayWnd( hWnd ); Message( ); return 0; } 3 GDI绘图对象 - 画刷 3.1 画刷的作用 填充封闭图形，包括样式、颜色等。 3.2 画刷的使用 3.2.1 创建画刷 CreateSolidBrush 创建实心画刷 CreateHatchBrush 创建阴影线的画刷 3.2.2 置成当前DC可以使用的画刷 SelectObject 和画笔使用方式类似 3.2.3 绘制图形 3.2.4 取出画刷 SelectObject 和画笔使用方式类似 3.2.5 销毁画刷 DeleteObject 和画笔使用方式类似 // WinDraw.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include "stdio.h" #include "resource.h" HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL; int g_nDrawType = 0; COLORREF g_nPenColor = RGB( 0, 0, 0 ); int g_nPenStyle = PS_SOLID; int g_nPenWdith = 1; COLORREF g_nBrushColor = RGB( 255, 255, 255 ); int g_nBrushStyle = 0xFFFFFFFF; void DrawPixel( HDC hDC ) { COLORREF nColor = RGB( 0, 0, 0 ); SetPixel( hDC, 100, 100, nColor ); } void GetPixelColor( HDC hDC ) { //获取点的颜色 COLORREF nColor = GetPixel( hDC, 100, 100 ); //获取颜色的三色值 int nRed = GetRValue( nColor ); int nGreen = GetGValue( nColor ); int nBlue = GetBValue( nColor ); CHAR szText[260] = { 0 }; sprintf( szText, "COLOR=%08X, RED=%d GREEN=%d BLUE=%d", nColor, nRed, nGreen, nBlue ); MessageBox( NULL, szText, "WinDraw", MB_OK ); } void DrawLine( HDC hDC ) { MoveToEx( hDC, 0, 0, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, 500, 500 ); MoveToEx( hDC, 500, 0, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, 0, 500 ); } void DrawArc( HDC hDC ) { //逆时针的方式 SetArcDirection( hDC, AD_COUNTERCLOCKWISE ); //通过外切矩形和切割线 Arc( hDC, 400, 200, 500, 300, 500, 200, 400, 200); //顺时针的方式 SetArcDirection( hDC, AD_CLOCKWISE ); Arc( hDC, 500, 200, 600, 300, 600, 200, 500, 200); MoveToEx( hDC, 200, 200, NULL ); //指定圆心和角度 AngleArc( hDC, 200, 200, 100, 60, 240 ); LineTo( hDC, 200, 200 ); } void DrawPolyLine( HDC hDC ) { POINT ptPolyLine[7] = { 0 }; ptPolyLine[0].x = 100; ptPolyLine[0].y = 100; ptPolyLine[1].x = 200; ptPolyLine[1].y = 100; ptPolyLine[2].x = 200; ptPolyLine[2].y = 200; ptPolyLine[3].x = 300; ptPolyLine[3].y = 200; ptPolyLine[4].x = 300; ptPolyLine[4].y = 300; ptPolyLine[5].x = 400; ptPolyLine[5].y = 300; ptPolyLine[6].x = 400; ptPolyLine[6].y = 400; //Polyline( hDC, ptPolyLine, 7 ); //PolylineTo( hDC, ptPolyLine, 3 ); DWORD nGroup[] = { 4, 3 }; PolyPolyline( hDC, ptPolyLine,nGroup, 2 ); } void DrawBizer( HDC hDC ) { POINT ptBizer[7] = { 0 }; ptBizer[0].x = 100; //端点 ptBizer[0].y = 100; // ptBizer[1].x = 100; //控制点 ptBizer[1].y = 50; // ptBizer[2].x = 300; //控制点 ptBizer[2].y = 150; // ptBizer[3].x = 300; //端点 ptBizer[3].y = 100; // ptBizer[4].x = 300; //控制点 ptBizer[4].y = 400; ptBizer[5].x = 400; //控制点 ptBizer[5].y = 200; ptBizer[6].x = 500; //端点 ptBizer[6].y = 300; PolyBezier( hDC, ptBizer, 7 ); MoveToEx( hDC, ptBizer[0].x, ptBizer[0].y, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, ptBizer[1].x, ptBizer[1].y ); MoveToEx( hDC, ptBizer[3].x, ptBizer[3].y, NULL ); LineTo( hDC, ptBizer[2].x, ptBizer[2].y ); } void DrawPolyDraw( HDC hDC ) { POINT ptDraw[4] = { 0 }; ptDraw[0].x = 100; ptDraw[0].y = 100; ptDraw[1].x = 200; ptDraw[1].y = 100; ptDraw[2].x = 200; ptDraw[2].y = 200; ptDraw[3].x = 300; ptDraw[3].y = 200; BYTE ptType[4] = {0}; ptType[0] = PT_MOVETO; ptType[1] = PT_LINETO; ptType[2] = PT_MOVETO; ptType[3] = PT_LINETO; PolyDraw( hDC, ptDraw, ptType, 4 ); } void DrawRect( HDC hDC ) { //矩形 Rectangle( hDC, 100, 100, 200, 200 ); //带圆角矩形 RoundRect( hDC, 300, 100, 400, 200, 50, 50 ); } void DrawEllipse( HDC hDC ) { //圆 Ellipse( hDC, 100, 100, 200, 200 ); //椭圆 Ellipse( hDC, 300, 100, 500, 200 ); } void DrawPie( HDC hDC ) { Pie( hDC, 100, 100, 500, 400, 500, 100, 100, 100 ); } void DrawChord( HDC hDC ) { Chord( hDC, 100, 100, 500, 400, 500, 100, 100, 100 ); } void DrawPloygon( HDC hDC ) { POINT ptPloygon[4] = { 0 }; ptPloygon[0].x = 100; ptPloygon[0].y = 100; ptPloygon[1].x = 200; ptPloygon[1].y = 100; ptPloygon[3].x = 600; ptPloygon[3].y = 300; ptPloygon[2].x = 500; ptPloygon[2].y = 300; Polygon( hDC, ptPloygon, 4 ); } void OnPaint( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { PAINTSTRUCT ps = { 0 }; HDC hDC = BeginPaint( hWnd, &ps ); //创建画笔 HPEN hPen = CreatePen( g_nPenStyle, g_nPenWdith, g_nPenColor ); //设置画笔到当前DC HPEN hOldPen = (HPEN) SelectObject( hDC, hPen ); //创建画刷 HBRUSH hBrush = NULL; if( g_nBrushStyle == 0xFFFFFFFF ) { hBrush = CreateSolidBrush( g_nBrushColor ); } else { hBrush = CreateHatchBrush( g_nBrushStyle, g_nBrushColor ); } //设置画刷到当前DC HBRUSH hOldBrush = (HBRUSH) SelectObject( hDC, hBrush ); //绘制图形 switch( g_nDrawType ) { case ID_SETPIXEL: DrawPixel( hDC ); break; case ID_GETPIXEL: GetPixelColor( hDC ); break; case ID_LINE: DrawLine( hDC ); break; case ID_ARC: DrawArc( hDC ); break; case ID_POLYLINE: DrawPolyLine( hDC ); break; case ID_DRAWBIZER: DrawBizer( hDC ); break; case ID_POLYDRAW: DrawPolyDraw( hDC ); break; case ID_RECT: DrawRect( hDC ); break; case ID_ELLIPSE: DrawEllipse( hDC ); break; case ID_PIE: DrawPie( hDC ); break; case ID_CHORD: DrawChord( hDC ); break; case ID_POLYGON: DrawPloygon( hDC ); break; } //取出画刷 SelectObject( hDC, hOldBrush ); //删除画刷 DeleteObject( hBrush ); //取出画笔 SelectObject( hDC, hOldPen ); //销毁画笔 DeleteObject( hPen ); EndPaint( hWnd, &ps ); } void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { int nCmdID = LOWORD( wParam ); switch( nCmdID ) { case ID_SETPIXEL: case ID_GETPIXEL: case ID_LINE: case ID_ARC: case ID_POLYLINE: case ID_DRAWBIZER: case ID_POLYDRAW: case ID_RECT: case ID_ELLIPSE: case ID_PIE: case ID_CHORD: case ID_POLYGON: //保存绘制图形类型 g_nDrawType = nCmdID; //刷新窗口 InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_REDPEN: //保存画笔颜色 g_nPenColor = RGB( 255, 0, 0 ); InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_PSDASH: g_nPenStyle = PS_DASH; InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_PEN5: g_nPenWdith = 5; InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_PEN1: g_nPenWdith = 1; InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_REDBRUSH: g_nBrushColor = RGB( 255, 0, 0 ); InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_SOLIDBRUSH: g_nBrushStyle = 0xFFFFFFFF; InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_HSDIAGCROSS: g_nBrushStyle = HS_DIAGCROSS; InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE ); break; case ID_EXIT: PostQuitMessage( 0 ); break; } } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { switch( nMsg ) { case WM_PAINT: OnPaint( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); break; case WM_COMMAND: OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage( 0 ); return 0; } return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam ); } BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ) { WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 }; wce.cbSize = sizeof( wce ); wce.cbClsExtra = 0; wce.cbWndExtra = 0; wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_BTNFACE+1); wce.hCursor = NULL; wce.hIcon = NULL; wce.hIconSm = NULL; wce.hInstance = g_hInst; wce.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName; wce.lpszMenuName = NULL; wce.style = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW; ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce ); if( 0 == nAtom ) { return FALSE; } return TRUE; } HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ) { HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu( g_hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MAIN) ); HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0, pszClassName, "MyWnd", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, hMenu, g_hInst, NULL ); return hWnd; } void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd ) { ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW ); UpdateWindow( hWnd ); } void Message( ) { MSG msg = { 0 }; while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) ) { TranslateMessage( &msg ); DispatchMessage( &msg ); } } int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { g_hInst = hInstance; RegisterWnd( "MYWND" ); HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" ); DisplayWnd( hWnd ); Message( ); return 0; }